Download Sample Biology EOCT Questions

Sample Biology EOCT Questions
1. Viruses are exceptions to the cell theory, but they have some characteristics of living
things. What is one of these characteristics?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They are made up of many specialized cells.
They contain genetic material.
They reproduce by mitosis.
They contain chlorophyll.
2. Which formula represents an organic compound?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mg(OH)2
NaCl
C12H22O11
NH3
3. Which is an organic compound found in most cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
glucose
water
sodium chloride
oxygen gas
4. Which are the four most abundant elements in living cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
carbon, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus
carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, magnesium
5. Which pair of compounds can be classified as inorganic?
A. nucleic acids and minerals
B. proteins and water
C. water and salts
5. An organelle differs from an organ in that an organelle
A.
B.
C.
D.
is a substructure of a cell
contains one specific type of tissue
is larger than an organ
cannot be stained
6. Which diagram represents an organelle that contains the enzymes needed to synthesize
ATP in the presence of oxygen?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
2
3
4
7. Which structure includes all of the others?
A.
B.
C.
D.
nucleolus
nucleus
chromosomes
genes
8. Most cell membranes are composed principally of
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA and ATP
proteins and lipids
chitin and starch
nucleotides and amino acids
9. Which structure is usually present only in animal cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
vacuole
cell wall
nucleus
centriole
10. Normally, in the process of osmosis, the net flow of water molecules into or out of the
cell depends upon differences in the
A.
B.
C.
D.
concentration of water molecules inside and outside the cell
concentration of enzymes on either side of the cell membrane
rate of molecular motion on either side of the cell membrane
rate of movement of insoluble molecules inside the cell
11. Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of
A.
B.
C.
D.
diffusion
passive transport
osmosis
active transport
12. Locomotive structures found in some protists include
A.
B.
C.
D.
muscles
flagella
tentacles
contractile vacuoles
13. Molecules that are too large to pass through the pores of a cell membrane may enter the
cell by a process known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
hydrolysis
pinocytosis
cyclosis
synthesis
14. A molecule of DNA is a polymer composed of
A.
B.
C.
D.
glucose
amino acids
fatty acids
nucleotides
15. The presence of DNA is important for cellular metabolic activities because DNA
A.
B.
C.
D.
directs the production of enzymes
is a structural component of cell walls
directly increases the solubility of nutrients
is the major component of cytoplasm
16. Which nitrogenous bases make up DNA nucleotides?
A. adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
B. adenine, uracil, guanine and cytosine
C. adenine, thymine, uracil, and cytosine
D. adenine, thymine, guanine, and uracil
17. Proteins are made from amino acids by the process of
A.
B.
C.
D.
hydrolysis
pinocytosis
active transport
dehydration synthesis
18. The spotted touch-me-not, a flowering plant, has seed pods that burst open when touched
and forcefully eject their seeds. Such an adaptation is favorable because it
A.
B.
C.
D.
aids in the dispersal of the species.
attracts insects that aid in pollination.
prevents germination within the seed pod.
can cause genetic changes to occur.
19. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, differences between species may be the result
of
A.
B.
C.
D.
the disuse of body structures
the transmission of acquired characteristics
natural selection
mutagenic agents
20. Two nucleotide sequences found in two different species are almost exactly the same.
This suggests that these species
A.
B.
C.
D.
are evolving into the same species
contain identical DNA
may have similar evolutionary histories
have the same number of mutations
21. The theory that evolutionary change is slow and continuous is known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
punctuated equilibrium
geographic isolation
speciation
gradualism
22. The concept that species have changed over long periods of time is known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
ecology
embryology
spontaneous generation
organic evolution
23. The study of homologous structures in mature organisms provides evidence for the
evolutionary relationships among certain groups of organisms. Which field of study includes
this evidence of evolution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
comparative cytology
biochemistry
geology
comparative anatomy
24. Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the concept of
A.
B.
C.
D.
use and disuse
mutations
natural selection
hybridization
25. The structural similarities between the flippers of whales and the arms of humans are
used to show that the
A.
B.
C.
D.
human species began life in the oceans
human species and whales have a common ancestry
whales are older than the human species
whales evolved from the human species
26. A scorpion stalks, kills, and then eats a spider. Based on its behavior, which ecological
terms describe the scorpion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
producer, herbivore, decomposer
producer, carnivore, heterotroph
predator, carnivore, consumer
predator, autotroph, herbivore
27. Which organisms are dependent upon other animals for food?
A.
B.
C.
D.
producers
herbivores
scavengers
primary consumers
28. Certain bacteria living in a human's large intesting help to produce vitamin K. This
relationship is an example of
A.
B.
C.
D.
animal parasitism
plant parasitism
commensalism
mutualism
29. Base your answer on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram
illustrates the relationships between the organisms in a certain pond. In this pond community,
which organisms are secondary consumers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
aquatic crustaceans and racoons
carnivorous fish and aquatic crustaceans
ducks and minnows
ducks and carnivorous fish
30. A rocky island appears as oceanic waters recede. Which of the following forms of
vegetation would probably appear first on the bare rocks?
A.
B.
C.
D.
lichens
weeds
shrubs
pioneer trees