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SBI 3CW
Review for Genetics Unit test
Name: _________________
Go to the following website
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/mendelian_genetics/problem_sets/monohybrid_cross/monohybri
d_cross.html and complete questions #1-6 (monohybrid crosses)
Go to the following website:
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/mendelian_genetics/problem_sets/sex_linked_inheritance/sex_li
nked_inheritance.html and complete questions # 1,2,3,5,6,10 (sex-linked inheritance)
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the nitrogen bases is not present in DNA?
a) adenine
b) uracil
c) cytosine
d) guanine
2. During which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
a) anaphase
b) telophase
c) prophase
d) interphase
3. What is the matching (complementary) DNA sequence to ACCTGGCTA?
a) GGGACCGAC
b) TGGACCGAT
c) TAGCCAGGT
d) UGGACCGAU
4. How many chromosomes are found in each somatic cell in your body?
a) 32
b) 23
c) 64
d) 46
5. What are pairs of chromosomes that carry the same trait called?
a) diploid
b) homologous
c) heterozygous
d) analogous
6. Who is known as the “Father of Genetics”?
a) Carolus Linneas
b) Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
c) Isaac Newton
d) Gregor Mendel
7. All gametes contain a(n) _____________ number of chromosomes.
a) haploid
b) diploid
c) even
d) unknown
8. What are human chromosomes numbered 1 to 22 known as?
a) somatic chromosomes
b) gametic chromosomes
c) autosomes
d) sex chromosomes
9. One of Mendel’s conclusions stated that genes exist in alternate states called:
a) hybrids
b) alleles
c) gametes
d) zygotes
10. What is the failure of chromosomes to separate properly in meiosis called?
a) chiasmata
b) gametogenesis
c) segregation
d) non-disjunction
11. A trait that expresses itself, while masking another trait is called:
a) dominant
b) recessive
c) homozygous
d) heterozygous
12. What contains the genetic instructions for cells, so they can duplicate themselves?
a) chromosome
b) daughter cell
c) chiasmata
d) centromere
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13. The first stage of mitosis when chromosomes start becoming visible in the microscope is
called:
a) anaphase
b) prophase
c) telophase
d) metaphase
14. Prior to cell division, each chromosome replicates or duplicates its genetic material. The
products are connected by a centromere and are called:
a) sister chromosomes
b) homologous chromosomes
c) sex chromosomes
d) sister chromatids
15. Which of the following statements is NOT true of mitosis?
a) a single nucleus gives rise to two identical daughter nuclei
b) the daughter nuclei are genetically identical to the parent nucleus
c) the centromeres divide at the beginning of anaphase
d) homologous chromosomes synapse in prophase
16. Down syndrome occurs in people who have 3 copies of chromosome 21. What is the process
responsible for this called?
a) deletion
b) duplication
c) fragmentation
d) nondisjunction
17. What term describes when a gene segment of a chromosome comes free, and is reinserted
back into the chromosome in reverse order?
a) translocation
b) inversion
c) deletion
d) fragmentation
18. A trait that remains hidden is called what type of trait?
a) dominant
b) hybrid
c) dormant
d) recessive
19. A man who carries sex-linked alleles on his Y chromosome will transmit this gene to:
a) half his male offspring
b) all of his male offspring
c) half of his female offspring
d) all of his female offspring
20. What is the diploid number of chromosomes in humans?
a) 23
b) 24
c) 46
d) 44
21. In which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur?
a) prophase I
b) anaphase I c) prophase II
d) metaphase II
22. In which stage of meiosis do pairs of homologous chromosomes separate and move to
opposite poles?
a) metaphase I
b) anaphase I c) anaphase II
b) telophase II
23. Genetically modified organisms are formed by:
a) mating organisms of different species
b) combining genes from different organisms
c) selecting specific organisms based on their traits
d) creating hybrids
24. A woman carries a recessive allele for baldness on one of her X chromosomes. Her husband
does not carry the trait. Which of the following statements is true?
a) half of the sons will be bald
b) none of the daughters will carry the trait
c) all of the daughters will be bald
d) all of the sons will be bald
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True or False
Read each statement and decide whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). Correct the false
statements.
1. ______ Identical twins are always the same sex.
2. ______ The mother determines the sex of the child.
4. ______ Certain hereditary characteristics are determined by the blood.
6. ______ Each parent contributes half of their offspring’s genotype.
7. ______ Males are biologically stronger than females.
8. ______ Red-green colour-blindness is more common in females than in males.
9. ______ Many of a person’s inherited characteristics are not readily visible.
10. ______ People may transmit characteristics to their offspring that they do not have
themselves.
11. _____ DNA is the basic unit of heredity in all organisms.
12. _____The complementary strand to A-T-C-G-A-G-T-T is A-T-C-G-A-G-T-T.
Short Answer
1. The following sequence of letters represents a normal chromosome:
Using the word list, indicate each type of mutation shown below.
Word list
deletion
inversion
duplication
translocation
MOPQR
QRMNOP
MMNNOPQR
ABCPQR
MNOPQR
deletion________
_______________
_______________
_______________
2. How many functional gametes are produced by spermatogenesis? By oogenesis? Why?
3. What is genetic testing? Why is this important? What are some issues surrounding genetic
testing?
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4. a) Explain the difference between dominant and recessive alleles.
b) Is it better to have a dominant allele rather than a recessive allele? Explain.
5. Complete the chart below comparing mitosis and meiosis
Factor
Mitosis
Type of cell(s) involved
Meiosis
Number of divisions in
complete process
Number of cells resulting
from one complete cycle
Number of duplications
of chromosomes
Chromosome number
of parent cell
Chromosome number
of resulting cells
Role of resulting cells
Purpose of this type of cell
division
6. What are genetically modified crops? What are some advantages and disadvantages of creating
genetically modified crops?
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7. What are benefits of creating genetically modified organisms? What risks or controversies
may be involved? (You may want to think of organisms other than crops)
8. What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project? What are some controversies surrounding
the project? (e.g. knowing your genome).
9. Identify each stage of meiosis shown below and explain what is taking place. Be sure to
indicate which division (I or II) is taking place.
Stage
Explanation
Stage
Explanation
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10.
The stages of mitosis shown below are in the wrong order. Identify each stage of mitosis
and explain what is happening in that stage.
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