Download Gene Section GHRL (ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
in Oncology and Haematology
OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL AT INIST-CNRS
Gene Section
Mini Review
GHRL (ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide)
Catherine Tomasetto
I.G.B.M.C., BP 163, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France (CT)
Published in Atlas Database: March 2001
Online updated version : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Genes/GhrelinID327.html
DOI: 10.4267/2042/37728
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 France Licence.
© 2001 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
signal peptide from residues 1to 23, the
ghrelin/MTLRP moity from residues 24 to 51, the
MTLRP-associated peptide moity from residues 52 to
117.
The 27 amino acids des-Gln14-Ghrelin/delta Gln 14
MTLRP is produced from a protein precursor of 116
residues identical to the 117 aa precursor excep that the
des-Gln14-Ghrelin/delta Gln14
MTLRP
moity
corresponds to residues 24 to 50 and accordingly the
MTLRP-associated peptide moity from resisues 51 to
116.
Identity
Other names: Motilin-related peptide (MTLRP)
HGNC (Hugo): GHRL
Location: 3p26-p25
Expression
Ghrelin/MTLRP is mainly expressed by the
enteroendocrine cells of the stomach; its expression
decreased gradually along the gastro-intestinal tract and
a faint expression was also detected in testis. By
Immnunochemistry Ghrelin-immuno reactive neurons
were found in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
Probe(s) - Courtesy Mariano Rocchi, Resources for Molecular
Cytogenetics.
DNA/RNA
Localisation
Transcription
As a peptide hormone Ghrelin/MTLRP is secreted in
the blood.
600 bp, two mRNAs are encoded by the same genes,
they are identical except for the lack of one codon
(CAG) located at an exon intron boundary.
Function
As the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone
secretagogues (GHS) receptor, Ghrelin/MTLRP is
involved in the pulsatile secretion of Growth hormone.
In addition to this role Ghrelin/MTLRP is in the
regulation of feeding. In rodent In contrast to leptin,
Ghrelin/MTLRP promotes food intake and obesity. In
addition Ghrelin/MTLRP stimulates motricity of the
gastrointestinal tract and acid secretion.
Protein
Description
Two precursor s of 117 and 116 amino acids encoding
preproGhrelin/MTLRP and prepro-des-Gln14-Ghrelin/
delta Gln14 MTLRP, respectively. The 28 amino-acids
Ghrelin/MTLRP and the 27 amino-acids des-Gln14Ghrelin/delta Gln14 MTLRP are modified posttranslationally by the addition of a n-octanoic acid on
Serine 3.
The 28 amino acids Ghrelin/MTLRP is produced from
a protein precursor of 117 residues that contains a
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(2)
Homology
ppGhrelin/MTLRP share 47% of similarity with the
precursor of Motilin. In addition Ghrelin receptor
(GHS-R) and Motilin receptor (GPR38) share 52%
identity.
108
GHRL (ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide)
Tomasetto C
References
motilin-related
peptide.
Aug;119(2):395-405
Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H,
Kangawa K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated
peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999 Dec 9;402(6762):656-60
Tschöp M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML. Ghrelin induces adiposity in
rodents. Nature. 2000 Oct 19;407(6806):908-13
2000
Wren AM, Small CJ, Ward HL, Murphy KG, Dakin CL, Taheri
S, Kennedy AR, Roberts GH, Morgan DG, Ghatei MA, Bloom
SR. The novel hypothalamic peptide ghrelin stimulates food
intake and growth hormone secretion. Endocrinology. 2000
Nov;141(11):4325-8
Hosoda H, Kojima M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K. Purification and
characterization of rat des-Gln14-Ghrelin, a second
endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue
receptor. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 21;275(29):21995-2000
Masuda Y, Tanaka T, Inomata N, Ohnuma N, Tanaka S, Itoh
Z, Hosoda H, Kojima M, Kangawa K. Ghrelin stimulates gastric
acid secretion and motility in rats. Biochem Biophys Res
Commun. 2000 Oct 5;276(3):905-8
Nakazato M, Murakami N, Date Y, Kojima M, Matsuo H,
Kangawa K, Matsukura S. A role for ghrelin in the central
regulation of feeding. Nature. 2001 Jan 11;409(6817):194-8
This article should be referenced as such:
Tomasetto C, Karam SM, Ribieras S, Masson R, Lefèbvre O,
Staub A, Alexander G, Chenard MP, Rio MC. Identification and
characterization of a novel gastric peptide hormone: the
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(2)
Gastroenterology.
Tomasetto C. GHRL (ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide). Atlas
Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001; 5(2):108-109.
109