Download Biology Mitosis / Meiosis 2012 – 2013 #3

Biology
Mitosis / Meiosis
2012 – 2013
#3
I.
Mutations
A. Deletion = part of the chromosome is broken off and lost
B. Duplication = part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches
to its homologous chromosome
C. Inversion = part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backwards
D. Translocation = part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a
Non-homologous chromosome
II.
Control of Cell Division
A. Checkpoints = stop cell division if something goes wrong
1. G1 checkpoint = stops if cell is not big enough
2. G2 checkpoint = stops if cell has not made a copy of its DNA
= stops if there are errors in the DNA
= stops if the cell is not large enough
3. Spindle checkpoint = stops if chromosomes are not aligned properly
= stops if spindle fibers are not attached properly