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CELLS Misc.: –The smallest unit that can carry on the process of life –Unicellular: one celled organism (bacteria) –Multicellular: organism composed of more than one cell. CELLS Cell Discovery Robert Hooke, 1665: first to name cells observed in a thin slice of cork. “Little boxes” reminded him of the cells monks lived in. Observed plant cells Anton van Leeuvenhoek, 1675: Observed living creatures in pond water Mattias Schleiden, 1838: concluded all plants composed of cells CELLS Cell Discovery Theodor Schwann, 1839: concluded animals composed of cells Rudolph Virchow, 1858: concluded that cells come from other cells CELLS Cell Theory All living things are made up of one or more cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function All cells arise from existing cells CELLS Cell Diversity Size: – Range from 2 m long (nerves in a giraffe’s neck) to .2 micrometers long (bacteria) – All cells are three dimensional – Shape is limited in size by the ratio between volume and surface area. Volume increases faster than surface area CELLS Cell Diversity Internal Organization – Nucleus- directs all cellular activity – Organelles- Components in cells that perform specific functions in the cell Eukaryotes – Have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Prokaryotes – No nucleus or membrane bound organelles – Contain ribosomes