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Cells Plant and Animal Cells are the Starting Point All living organisms on Earth are divided in pieces called cells. There are smaller pieces to cells that include proteins and organelles. There are also larger pieces called tissues and systems. Cells are small compartments that hold all of the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful on Earth. Vocabulary Cell – the basic unit of structure and function of living things Organelle – structures that make up a cell Cell Theory – all living things are made of cells that came from other living cells Selectively Permeable – only allows certain materials to pass through Cell Theory Cells All living things are made up of _______. Cells are the ______ of Basic _______ Unit structure and function in living things. Living things only come from other _______ Living ________. Cells Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Cell Wall: • Made of nonliving cellulose (sugar) • Selectively permeable • Provides additional support and protection Plants • Found in _________ Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Cell Membrane _______________ • Provides protection and support • Selectively permeable • Found in both Plant and Animal cells Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Nucleus _____________ Chromosome • Controls all activities of the cell • Contains the genetic material BOTH • Found in ________ of Hereditary material (DNA) • Made up of Genes ______________________ Traits • Gives you your __________ BOTH • Found in __________ Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Cytoplasm • Jellylike substance throughout the cell Transport • Constantly moves to ____________ materials • Holds organelles • Found in ___________ BOTH Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Vacuole ____________ • Stores food, water and wastes • Plant cells have one large water filled many small • Animals cells have _______ ________ ones Chloroplast Green pigment that captures the Chlorophyll:sun’s energy • • Site of Photosynthesis• Found in Plant Process to make food Organelles (structures that make up the cell) Mitochondria • Performs cell respiration Combines nutrients with oxygen Found in Both • • What is the difference between plant and animal cells? Levels of Organization Cells----------------------basic--simple Tissues Organs Organ system Organism------------------complex unit Cell- tissue- organ- organ system- Organism Elements Elements are found on the Periodic Table arranged according to increasing atomic number Elements are represented by a chemical symbol (one capital letter or a capital letter with one or two lower case letters) Elements are made up of atoms