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Chapter 18 – The Nervous System:
General and Special Senses
General
Senses
Receptors
and Olfaction
Gustation
Equilibrium
and Hearing
Vision
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FINAL ROUND
Topic 1:
$100 Question
Which of the following structures provide
information on blood pressure to cardiovascular
and respiratory control centers?
a. chemoreceptors in and near respiratory
centers of the medulla oblongata
b. chemoreceptors of carotid bodies
c. chemoreceptors of aortic bodies
d. baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and
aortic sinus
BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
Topic 1:
$100 Answer
Which of the following structures provide
information on blood pressure to cardiovascular
and respiratory control centers?
a. chemoreceptors in and near respiratory
centers of the medulla oblongata
b. chemoreceptors of carotid bodies
c. chemoreceptors of aortic bodies
d. baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and
aortic sinus
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Question
Which of the following structures respond
to deep pressure, but are most sensitive to
pulsing or vibrating stimuli, and adapt
rapidly?
a. Meissner’s corpuscles
b. Ruffini corpuscles
c. Pacinian corpuscles
d. free nerve endings
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Answer
Which of the following structures respond
to deep pressure, but are most sensitive to
pulsing or vibrating stimuli, and adapt
rapidly?
a. Meissner’s corpuscles
b. Ruffini corpuscles
c. Pacinian corpuscles
d. free nerve endings
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Question
Which of the following statements regarding
thermoreceptors is false?
a. Thermoreceptors are found in the epidermis of
the skin, in skeletal muscles, in the liver, and in
the hypothalamus.
b. Cold receptors are three or four times more
numerous than warm receptors.
c. The cold and warm receptors are free nerve
endings, and there are no known structural
differences between them.
d. Thermoreceptors are phasic receptors, which
are very active when temperatures are
changing, but quickly adapt to a stable
temperature.
BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
Topic 1:
$300 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding
thermoreceptors is false?
a. Thermoreceptors are found in the epidermis of
the skin, in skeletal muscles, in the liver, and in
the hypothalamus.
b. Cold receptors are three or four times more
numerous than warm receptors.
c. The cold and warm receptors are free nerve
endings, and there are no known structural
differences between them.
d. Thermoreceptors are phasic receptors, which
are very active when temperatures are
changing, but quickly adapt to a stable
temperature.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Question
Where are chemoreceptors found?
a. on the dorsomedial surfaces of the
medulla oblongata
b. in the aortic bodies
c. in the carotid bodies
d. b and c
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Answer
Where are chemoreceptors found?
a. on the dorsomedial surfaces of the
medulla oblongata
b. in the aortic bodies
c. in the carotid bodies
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Question
The information from the receptors of the
carotid bodies travel via which cranial
nerve to trigger reflexive adjustments in
respiratory and cardiovascular activity?
a. vagus nerve (N X)
b. accessory nerve (N XI)
c. glossopharyngeal nerve (N IX)
d. hypoglossal nerve (N XII)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Answer
The information from the receptors of the
carotid bodies travel via which cranial
nerve to trigger reflexive adjustments in
respiratory and cardiovascular activity?
a. vagus nerve (N X)
b. accessory nerve (N XI)
c. glossopharyngeal nerve (N IX)
d. hypoglossal nerve (N XII)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Question
Which of the following types of receptors are
especially common in the superficial portions of
the skin, in joint capsules, within the periostea of
bones, and around the walls of blood vessels?
a. proprioceptors
b. nociceptors
c. tactile receptors
d. chemoreceptors
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Answer
Which of the following types of receptors are
especially common in the superficial portions of
the skin, in joint capsules, within the periostea of
bones, and around the walls of blood vessels?
a. proprioceptors
b. nociceptors
c. tactile receptors
d. chemoreceptors
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Question
How does receptor specificity occur?
a. It results from the presence of accessory
cells or structures that shield the
receptor cell from other stimuli.
b. It results from the structure of the
receptor cell itself.
c. It results from sensory coding, which
provides information about the strength,
duration, variation, and movement of the
stimulus.
ANSWER
d. a and b
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Answer
How does receptor specificity occur?
a. It results from the presence of accessory
cells or structures that shield the
receptor cell from other stimuli.
b. It results from the structure of the
receptor cell itself.
c. It results from sensory coding, which
provides information about the strength,
duration, variation, and movement of the
stimulus.
d. a and b
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Question
At least how many different “primary
smells” have been identified?
a. 25
b. 100
c. 50
d. 1000
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Answer
At least how many different “primary
smells” have been identified?
a. 25
b. 100
c. 50
d. 1000
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Question
Regarding olfactory pathways, axons of which
neurons in the olfactory bulb travel within the
olfactory tract to reach the olfactory cortex, the
hypothalamus, and portions of the limbic
system?
a. first-order neurons
b. second-order neurons
c. third-order neurons
d. association neurons
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Answer
Regarding olfactory pathways, axons of which
neurons in the olfactory bulb travel within the
olfactory tract to reach the olfactory cortex, the
hypothalamus, and portions of the limbic
system?
a. first-order neurons
b. second-order neurons
c. third-order neurons
d. association neurons
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements regarding olfactory
receptors is false?
a. Olfactory receptor cells are highly modified
neurons.
b. When an odorous substance binds to its
receptor on the surface of an olfactory cilium,
the receptor membrane hyperpolarizes.
c. Approximately 10-20 million olfactory receptor
cells are packed into an area of roughly 5 cm2.
d. None of the above is false.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding olfactory
receptors is false?
a. Olfactory receptor cells are highly modified
neurons.
b. When an odorous substance binds to its
receptor on the surface of an olfactory cilium,
the receptor membrane hyperpolarizes.
c. Approximately 10-20 million olfactory receptor
cells are packed into an area of roughly 5 cm2.
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Question
Taste buds are monitored by which cranial
nerves?
a. N VII and N VIII
b. N VIII and N IX
c. N X
d. b and c
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Answer
Taste buds are monitored by which cranial
nerves?
a. N VI and N VII
b. N VIII and N XI
c. N X
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Question
Information concerning the general texture of
food, together with taste-related sensations of
“peppery” or “burning hot” is provided by sensory
afferents in which cranial nerve?
a. N V
b. N VII
c. N IX
d. N X
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Answer
Information concerning the general texture of
food, together with taste-related sensations of
“peppery” or “burning hot” is provided by sensory
afferents in which cranial nerve?
a. N V
b. N VII
c. N IX
d. N X
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Question
Which of the following statements regarding
gustation is false?
a. The typical adult has more than 10,000
taste buds.
b. The mechanism of gustatory reception
appears to parallel that of olfaction.
c. Stimulation of the gustatory cell results
in action potentials in the efferent fibers.
d. None of the above is false.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding
gustation is false?
a. The typical adult has more than 10,000
taste buds.
b. The mechanism of gustatory reception
appears to parallel that of olfaction.
c. Stimulation of the gustatory cell results
in action potentials in the efferent fibers.
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Question
Regarding gustatory pathways, sensory fibers
synapse within which of the following nuclei?
a. superior colliculi of the mesencephalon
b. suprachiasmatic nucleus of the
hypothalamus
c. nucleus solitarius of the medulla
oblongata
d. inferior colliculi of the mesencephalon
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Answer
Regarding gustatory pathways, sensory fibers
synapse within which of the following nuclei?
a. superior colliculi of the mesencephalon
b. suprachiasmatic nucleus of the
hypothalamus
c. nucleus solitarius of the medulla
oblongata
d. inferior colliculi of the mesencephalon
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Question
Which of the following correctly describes the gustatory
pathway of cranial nerves VII, IX, and X to the
cerebrum?
a. nucleus solitarius → medial lemniscus →
thalamic nuclei → gustatory cortex
b. medial lemniscus → nucleus solitarius →
thalamic nucleus → gustatory cortex
c. thalamic nucleus → nucleus solitarius →
medial lemniscus → gustatory cortex
d. suprachiasmatic nucleus → medial lemniscus
→ thalamic nuclei → gustatory cortex
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Answer
Which of the following correctly describes the gustatory
pathway of cranial nerves VII, IX, and X to the
cerebrum?
a. nucleus solitarius → medial lemniscus →
thalamic nuclei → gustatory cortex
b. medial lemniscus → nucleus solitarius →
thalamic nucleus → gustatory cortex
c. thalamic nucleus → nucleus solitarius →
medial lemniscus → gustatory cortex
d. suprachiasmatic nucleus → medial lemniscus
→ thalamic nuclei → gustatory cortex
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Question
In the inner ear, the complex of densely
packed calcium carbonate crystals and
gelatinous matrix is called a/an:
a. endolymphatic duct
b. otolith
c. macula
d. ossicle
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Answer
In the inner ear, the complex of densely
packed calcium carbonate crystals and
gelatinous matrix is called a/an:
a. endolymphatic duct
b. otolith
c. macula
d. ossicle
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Question
Which of the following is/are a function(s) of the two
vestibular nuclei?
a. They relay information from the vestibular
apparatus to the cerebral cortex and the
cerebellum.
b. They send commands to motor nuclei in the
brain stem and spinal cord.
c. They integrate sensory information concerning
balance and equilibrium arriving from each side
of the head.
d. All of the above are functions of the vestibular
nuclei.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Answer
Which of the following is/are a function(s) of the two
vestibular nuclei?
a. They relay information from the vestibular
apparatus to the cerebral cortex and the
cerebellum.
b. They send commands to motor nuclei in the
brain stem and spinal cord.
c. They integrate sensory information concerning
balance and equilibrium arriving from each side
of the head.
d. All of the above are functions of the vestibular
nuclei.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Question
Which of the following statements regarding hair
cells is false?
a. They are the sensory receptors of the
middle ear.
b. They are surrounded by supporting
cells, and are monitored by sensory
afferent fibers.
c. They are highly specialized
mechanoreceptors that are sensitive to
the distortion of their stereocilia.
ANSWER
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding hair
cells is false?
a. They are the sensory receptors of the
middle ear.
b. They are surrounded by supporting
cells, and are monitored by sensory
afferent fibers.
c. They are highly specialized
mechanoreceptors that are sensitive to
the distortion of their stereocilia.
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Question
The reflexive motor commands issued by
the vestibular nucleus are not distributed
to the motor nuclei for which cranial
nerve?
a. optic nerve (N II)
b. trochlear nerve (N IV)
c. glossopharyngeal nerve (N IX)
d. abducens nerve (N VI)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Answer
The reflexive motor commands issued by
the vestibular nucleus are not distributed
to the motor nuclei for which cranial
nerve?
a. optic nerve (N II)
b. trochlear nerve (N IV)
c. glossopharyngeal nerve (N IX)
d. abducens nerve (N VI)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Question
Which of the following structures is not
involved in neural pathways for equilibrium
sensations?
a. red nucleus
b. nucleus solitarius
c. vestibular nucleus
d. vestibular ganglion
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Answer
Which of the following structures is not
involved in neural pathways for equilibrium
sensations?
a. red nucleus
b. nucleus solitarius
c. vestibular nucleus
d. vestibular ganglion
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Question
Which of the following is not part of the visual
pathway?
a. lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
b. superior colliculus
c. suprachiasmatic nucleus of
hypothalamus
d. medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Answer
Which of the following is not part of the visual
pathway?
a. lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
b. superior colliculus
c. suprachiasmatic nucleus of
hypothalamus
d. medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Question
Which of the following is/are a function(s) of the
vascular tunic of the eye?
a. regulating the amount of light entering
the eye
b. secreting and reabsorbing the aqueous
humor that circulates within the eye
c. controlling the shape of the lens
d. All of the above.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Answer
Which of the following is/are a function(s) of the
vascular tunic of the eye?
a. regulating the amount of light entering
the eye
b. secreting and reabsorbing the aqueous
humor that circulates within the eye
c. controlling the shape of the lens
d. All of the above.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Question
Regarding retinal organization, which cells
are the only cells in the retina that
generate action potentials to the brain?
a. bipolar cells
b. horizontal cells
c. ganglion cells
d. amacrine cells
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Answer
Regarding retinal organization, which cells
are the only cells in the retina that
generate action potentials to the brain?
a. bipolar cells
b. horizontal cells
c. ganglion cells
d. amacrine cells
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the
photoreceptors of the eye is false?
a. There are approximately 130 million
photoreceptors in the retina; each
monitoring a specific location on the
retinal surface.
b. There are three types of cones, whose
stimulation in various combinations give
rather grainy, full-color images.
c. Rods are very light sensitive.
ANSWER
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the
photoreceptors of the eye is false?
a. There are approximately 130 million
photoreceptors in the retina; each
monitoring a specific location on the
retinal surface.
b. There are three types of cones, whose
stimulation in various combinations give
rather grainy, full-color images.
c. Rods are very light sensitive.
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Question
Which of the following structures is not part of
the visual pathway?
a. lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
b. suprachiasmatic nucleus of
hypothalamus
c. inferior colliculus of mesencephalon
d. superior colliculus of mesencephalon
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Answer
Which of the following structures is not part of
the visual pathway?
a. lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
b. suprachiasmatic nucleus of
hypothalamus
c. inferior colliculus of mesencephalon
d. superior colliculus of mesencephalon
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the production of an
auditory sensation?
1 – Vibration of the basilar membrane causes vibration of hair cells against
the tectorial membrane, resulting in hair cell stimulation and
neurotransmitter release.
2 – The pressure waves distort the basilar membrane on their way to the
round window of the tympanic duct.
3 – Information concerning the region and intensity of stimulation is relayed
to the CNS over the cochlear branch of N VIII.
4 – Movement of the stapes at the oval window.
5 – Displacement of the auditory ossicles.
6 – Sound waves arrive at the tympanic membrane.
a.
b.
c.
d.
6-2-5-4-1-3
6-5-4-2-1-3
6-5-4-1-2-3
6-4-5-2-1-3
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the production of an
auditory sensation?
1 – Vibration of the basilar membrane causes vibration of hair cells against
the tectorial membrane, resulting in hair cell stimulation and
neurotransmitter release.
2 – The pressure waves distort the basilar membrane on their way to the
round window of the tympanic duct.
3 – Information concerning the region and intensity of stimulation is relayed
to the CNS over the cochlear branch of N VIII.
4 – Movement of the stapes at the oval window.
5 – Displacement of the auditory ossicles.
6 – Sound waves arrive at the tympanic membrane.
a.
b.
c.
d.
6-2-5-4-1-3
6-5-4-2-1-3
6-5-4-1-2-3
6-4-5-2-1-3
BACK TO GAME