Download English - Global Environment Facility

Country’s experience in the frame of the
UNFCCC National Communications
Albania case
Pellumb Abeshi
General Secretary
Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Water Administration
Albania
Sub-Regional Workshop for GEF Focal Points in Europe and the
CIS
Dubrovnik, Croatia
11-13 February, 2009
Outline of presentation
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Background on Albania and Climate Change
Scope of the Second National Communication
Key Players
Results and Achievement
Efforts to mainstreaming climate change…
Lessons learnt and recommendations
Albania and Climate Change
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Albanian Agency for Protection of Environment
(1993) as first effort for the integration of
environmental policies in national development.
International conventions and protocols ratified to
take responsibility and coordinate in the
international level
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UNFCCC in 1994
Kyoto Protocol 2004 and in 2005 the Republic of Albania became
Party of the Protocols a Non Annex I Party).
Legislation framework and strategy document focus
on Climate Change initiatives; Establishing of DNA,
based on the DoCM (2008)
First National Communication in July 2002; followed
by a Technology Needs Assessment 2004
Second National Communication: in-process
 Stocktaking exercise completed in October 2004
 SNC project started in March 2005
 Planned to be finalized by March 2009
The Scope of Second National Communication in Albania
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National GHG inventories (2000 and time
series 1990 – 2000);
GHG emission trends and projections
(2000 – 2025);
Policies and measures;
Climate scenarios (1990 – 2100);
Climate change impacts and adaptation;
Research and systematic observations;
Technology transfer and funding;
Education, training and public awareness
Institutional framework-Key players
PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
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Ministry Of Environment, Forest and Water Administration, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and
Protection of Consumers, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Public Work,
Trade and Communication National Agency for Energy,, Institute of Statistics.
PUBLIC ACADEMIA & RESEARCH INSTITUTES
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Faculty of Natural Sciences (FoNS) is a potential provider of the technical expertise for GHG
inventory and GHG mitigation analysis; Institute of Hydro-Meteorology (IHM) / The Team
Leader role of V&A and significant technical expertise on V&A are provided by the IHM. The
IHM is the main hydro metrological data provider.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS BASED IN ALBANIA
UNDP ALBANIA/ UNDP holds the capacity of the Implementing Agency of all GEF funded
Projects; UNDP provides technical support to the implementation process of the FNC
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WORLD BANK (WB) is a potential innovative financing mechanism for carbon sequestration
through its Prototype Carbon Fund (PCF) and other similar funds;
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(REC)/ Collaborator regarding issues related to raising of awareness for climate change;
Technical expertise regarding GHG inventory and abatement.
PRIVATE SECTOR and NGOs
Considered as a potential partner for public awareness activities, promotion of solar energy
utilization, and data provider for GHG mitigation analysis exercise (energy section).
Key Findings
Albania’s Key GHG emissions sources:
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As per the FNC, Albania is a low GHG emitter (around 7m ton CO2 in 1994), where:
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energy sector (44%) mainly due to the fuel combustion category,
agriculture (27.12%),
Land Use Change and Forestry (21.60%),
Waste (4.81%), and
Industrial Processes (2.96%)
Mitigation potential
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Energy: as the main GHG source has large abatement potential. Measures include
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increase of energy efficiency,
increase and improvement of energy savings,
use of economic, regulatory and legal instruments for energy efficiency and saving.
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Transport: Measures focus on the development of a sustainable transport
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Forest: Main policy goal is forest preservation & development of new management options
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Agriculture: Focus is to increase production efficiency by improving genetic parameters.
The reduction of fertilizer amounts and development of ecologically - economically
sustainable agriculture
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In water: Construction of new infrastructure (irrigation/coastal); Maintenance or restoration
of wetlands, marshlands and dune systems; Monitoring of the coastal area
Key Vulnerability issues
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Increase in the frequency of extreme weather events (heavy
rains, potential flood risk, strong winds, droughts)
Decrease in runoff, both annual and seasonal
A decrease of 20% in runoff  a reduction up to 60% of
power generation!
Increased energy demand for space cooling
Reduction of water supply;
Water quality problems (salinisation and water algae blooms)
Decrease of wetland area;
Increased risk of health related diseases;
Lost of species;
Reduced yields due to heat stress
Key Findings of the GHG inventory
13000
12500
12000
11500
11000
10500
10000
9500
9000
8500
8000
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
6 Waste
5 Land-Use Change & Forestry
4 Agriculture
3 Solvent and Other Product Use
2 Industrial Processes
1 Energy
0.00450
0.0025
0.00425
0.00400
0.00375
0.0020
0.00350
0.00325
0.00300
0.00275
0.0015
0.00250
0.00225
0.00200
0.0010
0.00175
0.00150
0.00125
0.00100
0.00075
0.00050
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 0.00025
0.00000
GHG emissions in CO2 eqv.
0.0005
Albania’s CO2 emissions per capita [tonCO2/capita]
Albania’s CO2 emissions per GDP [tonCO2/ 1000 USD]
0.0000
19901991199219931994199519961997199819992000
Efforts to mainstreaming…
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While working under Second National Communication (SNC), efforts
has been made to:
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Address climate change into other strategies:
 National Strategy for Development and Integration (NSDI);
National Environment Strategy
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Raise awareness among policy makers and stakeholders:
 Address climate change to the environmental legislation;
Climate Change Communication strategy; Carbon Finance
strategy
While working under SNC exercise new resources have been mobilized
on priority areas/technologies:
 Carbon financing project; Albanian Program under Global Solar
Water Heating Project
 Adaptation project (Drini –Mati River Delta); Generate project
ideas for CDM project
 Carbon neutral territories; Public awareness projects
Lessons learnt
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National Communication to the UNFCCC is
NOT ONLY a reporting exercise;
National Communication is not a stand alone
process;
National Communication is a mechanism to
climate change mainstreaming
National Communication is a capacity building
process;
National Communication helps in raising
awareness on climate change
For more information on climate
change activities in Albania:
http://www.ccalb.org
http://www.moe.gov.al
Thank You!