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Global Climate Change Based upon the work of Leigh A Grass Menu • • • • • • • What is Global Warming Greenhouse effect interactivity The Evidence The Effects How can you help? Global Warming Quiz In the Classroom What is Global Warming? • Global warming or climate change is the gradual increase of the average temperature of the Earth • The average temperature of the Earth's surface is around 59˚F or 13 ˚C. Greenhouse Gases in the atmosphere hold in heat • Without these gases, the Earth’s avg. surface temperature would drop to around 0 ˚F. Back Back to TOC Next The Atmosphere • The Earth is surrounded by a thin layer of gases • Oxygen • Water Vapor • Carbon Dioxide • Nitrous Oxide • Methane • Ozone Back Back to TOC Greenhouse gases Next Atmosphere • Supplies gases required for life • Oxygen (for most heterotrophs) • Carbon dioxide (for photosynthetic autotrophs) • Nitrogen (converted to usable form by soil bacteria & symbiotic bacteria) • Offers protection from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation (upper atmospheric ozone) • Helps control Earth’s temperature by trapping solar energy next to the surface (greenhouse effect) Back Back to TOC Next Back Back to TOC Next Click below to watch an interactivity on the Greenhouse Effect Back Back to TOC Next The Evidence Before and after pictures of Montana’s disappearing glaciers Back Back to TOC Next Watch other glaciers disappear in before and after pictures… Click here. Back Back to TOC Next The Effects • • • • • • Water levels will rise in oceans The timing of the seasons will change Increased spread of disease Stronger hurricanes and storms Animals change behavior Increased acidification of oceans as CO2 moves from atmosphere to hydrosphere • More plant and animal species will become extinct Back Back to TOC Next How can you help? • Use compact fluorescent lighting in your home • Keep your thermostat down in the winter and up in the summer. Wear clothing for the season! • Drive a high mileage or hybrid car • Lobby hard for alternative energy sources for electricity and heat. • Help to preserve habitat of endangered species. • Green roofs Green roof Back Back to TOC Next Endangered species • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species List • Center for Biological Diversity Back Back to TOC Next Global Warming Blues Back Back to TOC Next Is Global warming a farce? Visit these websites to learn more! Global Warming Swindle Global Warming Facts Global Warming Back Back to TOC Next Global Warming Quiz! 1. What is the most common greenhouse gas emitted from human activities? Nitrous oxide Methane Carbon dioxide Oxygen 2. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are always bad for humans and the environment. True False 3. Click on the area where the infrared rays are. 4. In which of the following ways do people increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Cutting down trees Driving gasoline-powered vehicles Burning coal to generate electricity All of the above 5. Greenhouse gases cause global warming by: Absorbing and reradiating heat from infrared rays Causing the atmosphere to catch fire Absorbing the water in the atmosphere Reflecting solar rays Are you contributing to the climate change? • Check your electric bills for the past year. For each kWh allow 0.8kg of carbon dioxide. • If you flew on a commercial plane in the last year, add 0.35 kg for each kilometer flown for each person who flew with you. Back Back to TOC Next Water Vapor • The most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – Enters atmosphere by 1. 2. 3. Evaporation from water sources Evapotranspiration of plants Burning fossil fuels Back Carbon Dioxide- CO2 • Accounts for 80% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions – Enters atmosphere by 1. 2. 3. 4. Carbon cycle Burning fossil fuels Deforestation Cement production Back Methane-CH4 • A gas that is emitted from the following sources: – – – – – Volcanic activity More information on Natural gas fields Methane Solid waste landfills Byproduct of biomass One of the ingredients found in a burp! Read this article: Cows that burp less aid climate fight! Methane • The early atmosphere of the Earth had 1000x more methane that what is has now and therefore, no life existed on the planet. • Oxygen was not produced until photosynthetic bacteria evolved at a later time. Back Nitrous Oxide- N2O • A gas that is emitted from the following sources: – Burning fossil fuels – Use of fertilizers – Burning biomass Back – Can be used as a mild anesthetic for minor surgeries Also known as laughing gas!! Oxygen - O2 • A gas that is emitted from the following sources: Back – Photosynthetic Organisms – NOT a greenhouse gas – Important to most living things for cellular respiration – Created billions of years ago by photosynthetice bacteria and algae Can’t Burn Without It!!!!