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Social science for the
Integrated Assessment of
environmental risks and problems.
DAY 4: Adapting to climate change:
The climate learning ladder
Dr. J. David Tàbara
Institute of Environmental Science and Technology
Autonomous University of Barcelona
www.uab.cat/icta
Global warming…
• Global
temperatures
could rise between
0.3 -6.4 degrees by
2100,
• But very likely we
will inevitably have
to live in a world 2
degrees warmer by
then.
The context of climatic risks …
Inner Mongolia case study, China.
Dust storms – a global environmental concern
• 23 March 2002:
a relatively clear
day
• 8 April 2002: extremely
dusty skies; dust
obscures most of the
surface
Dust traveling over the Pacific
Images taken between
April 29 and May 5, 2005
shows dust from the
Gobi Desert crossing the
Pacific, well on its way to
North America
• 态环境的变迁 eco-environmental change
– 气候的变迁 climate change
0.1℃
1961-2006年阿盟年平均气温曲线图
105
100
Mean annual temperature change
from 1961 to 2006 in Alxa
95
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19
61
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65
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01
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03
20
05
65
年
Some options:
‘The green wall’:
desert reforestation…
• (6)
Develop international cooperation
Artificial rainfall and enclosure of
natural areas. Hellan Mountains
Method:
The climate learning ladder.
Goal …
To propose a method intended to support
deliberation on how to develop capacities to deal
with climate change from an integrated social
learning perspective…
Starting point…
 ‘More knowledge’ is not enough to develop
such capacities.
We need to consider other cultural, social
and institutional aspects.
 Such tools and methods need to support
broader processes of social learning,
networking and agent transformation.
‘The climate learning ladder’
A simple tool aimed at:
1. Support dialogue and facilitate
engagement of stakeholders in
developing integrated climate
policies.
2. Help policy makers identifying key
decisions about how to build climate
capacities.
3. Help translating and communicating
complexity about ‘what to do’ to
wider audiences.
Basic idea:
Building integrated climate capacities depends on
a series of necessary conditions or ‘steps’.
In particular, on whether relevant agents:
1. Are aware of the problem.
2. Are sufficiently motivated to act.
3. Have sufficiently options and resources to do so.
4. Create institutions to distribute rights and
responsibilities and ensure action in the long term.
First step:
perception and awareness:
how can we improve climate awareness?
Are we
aware of the need
to adapt?
Second step: incentives and motives:
What incentives/disincentives should be
designed?
Do we want
/are we motivated
enough
to adapt?
Third step: individual options and resources;
what resources and feasible options do we
have to adapt to climate change?
What are the
Options?
Can we adapt?
Yes
Fourth step: institutions and long-term
responsibilities
What and how
institutions need
to be changed or
created?
Yes
Institutions,
rights and
responsibilities
Unlearning can also occur
Individual
options and
resources
Motives and
incentives
4
Awareness
and perception
YES,
3
2
?
?
1
?
NO
YES
?
NO
YES
WE
YES
CAN!
YES
NO
NO, WE CAN’T
NO
First step:
perception and awareness
Analysis of the situation:
What is the current perception of the risks
and opportunities regarding climate change
in your region?
Policy measures and strategies:
How and by what measures can
awareness of climate change risks
and opportunities be improved?
Second step:
motives and incentives
Analysis of the situation:
What are the current incentives
to stimulate action regarding adaptation
to climate change?
Policy measures and strategies:
What specific measures and strategies
could be implemented to stimulate
Adaptation?
Third step:
Analysis of the situation:
What have been so far the transformations
and changes in individual practices and
interactions as to adapt /reduce exposure
to the risks to climate change?
Policy measures and strategies:
What specific options and resources
are or can be developed to adapt to
climate change?
Fourth step: institutions,
(re)distribution of rights and responsibilities
Analysis of the situation:
What and how institutions /rules need to be
reformed as to incorporate concerns and
redistribute rights and responsibilities
in the long term?
Policy measures and strategies:
What specific options and measures
could be implemented to reform or create
new institutions to adapt to climate change?
Institutions,
rights and
responsibilities
Unlearning can also occur
Individual
options and
resources
Motives and
incentives
4
Awareness
and perception
YES,
3
2
?
?
1
?
NO
YES
?
NO
YES
WE
YES
CAN!
YES
NO
NO, WE CAN’T
NO