Download Domain Genetics - preassessment questions

EOCT practice Domain III:
Genetics
1. What is the diploid
chromosome number in a human
body cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
23
32
44
46
2. The gene for red/green
colorblindness in humans is recessive
and primarily affects males. It must be
located on
A.
B.
C.
D.
the X chromosome
the Y chromosome
both the X and Y chromosomes
either the X or Y chromosome
3. Which of the following shows
how information is transformed
to make a protein?
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA → RNA → protein
gene → chromosome → protein
cell respiration → ATP → protein
ATP → amino acid → protein
4. The genetic disorder trisomy
21 (Down syndrome) is caused
by what genetic event?
A.
B.
C.
D.
crossing-over
nondisjunction
base pair substitution
frame-shift location
5. Pea plants have seeds that are either
round or wrinkled. In this cross RR x Rr,
what will be the phenotypic ratio of the
offspring?
A. 50% RR and 50%
Rr
B. 25% RR, 50% Rr,
and 25% rr
C. 50% round seeds
and 50% wrinkled
seeds
D. 100% round seeds
R = Round Seeds
r = Wrinkled Seeds
Answers 1-5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
D
A
A
B
D
6. The process by which the order of
bases in messenger RNA (mRNA)
codes for the order of amino acids in
a protein is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
translation
transcription
replication
nondisjunction
7. A gene that is sex-linked is
BEST described as which of the
following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It results in all male offspring.
It results in all female offspring.
It is located on the X chromosome.
It is located inside the mitochondria.
8. Which of the following
correctly shows the shape of
a DNA molecule?
9. The observed trait that appears in
an organism as a result of its genetic
makeup is called the organism’s
A.
B.
C.
D.
allele
genotype
phenotype
karyotype
10. Why is it important for the
cells of multicellular organisms
to undergo mitosis?
A. Mitosis allows for reproduction with male
and female gametes.
B. Mitosis increases variation within an
organism.
C. Mitosis produces cells that are different from
the original dividing cell.
D. Mitosis produces identical cells to the
original dividing cell.
Answers 6-10
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. D
11. Which of the following correctly
lists the phases of the cell cycle
starting with interphase?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4, 1, 2, 3, 6, 5
4, 6, 1, 5, 2, 3
4, 1, 6, 3, 5, 2
4, 1, 5, 6, 3, 2
12. How many chromosomes are
contained in a human male
gamete cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
11
23
34
46
13. The genetic code in DNA is
represented by unique codons that
represent a specific amino acid. Which
of the following represents a codon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
G
TA
GCGC
CAT
14. The cell shown below is undergoing
mitosis. The daughter chromosomes are
moving toward opposite poles of the cell.
Which phase of mitosis is
shown to the right?
A.
B.
C.
D.
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
15. Two organisms, each with
genotype AaBb, are crossed. The
expected phenotypic ratio in the F1
generation is expected to be
A.
B.
C.
D.
4:4:4:4
7:6:2:1
8:4:2:2
9:3:3:1
Answers 11-15
11. C
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. D
16. In rabbits, albinism (b) is recessive to normal
brown coloration (B). When an albino female was
crossed with a brown male, they produced 4 brown
offspring and 1 albino. What was the genotype of the
male parent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
bb only
Bb only
BB only
BB or Bb
17. In protein synthesis,
translation is the process that
directly results in the
A. production of amino acid chains
B. manufacture of mRNA
C. copying of one DNA molecule into two
molecules
D. movement of protein from one cell to
another
18. Information on mRNA is used
to make a sequence of amino
acids into a protein by which of the
following processes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
replication
translation
Transcription
transference
19. What is a source of genetic
variation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
mutation
adaptation
replication
transcription
20. ATG is a DNA triplet that codes
for an amino acid. Which mRNA
codon will pair with the ATG triplet?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ATG
GTU
TAC
UAC
Answers 16-20
16. B
17. A
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. Which of the following is the
correct base-pairing rule for DNA?
A. A-U; C-G
B. A-G; T-C
C. A-T; G-C
D. A-C; T-G
22. A mutagenic factor that can alter
DNA by the loss of a chromosome
segment is known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
translocation
crossing over
deletion
nondisjunction
23. In Mendel’s experiments with a single
trait, the trait that disappeared in the first
generation and reappeared in the next
generation is called the
A.
B.
C.
D.
homozygous trait
dominant trait
recessive trait
heterozygous trait
24. Changes to an organism’s DNA can cause
unexpected traits to be expressed in its offspring.
DNA in an individual’s gametes will most likely be
altered before being passed to offspring if exposed
to
A.
B.
C.
D.
x-rays
loud sounds
magnetic fields
extreme temperatures
25. Agricultural companies have developed the
ability to control the genetic characteristics of their
crops. Genetic engineering techniques have been
used to produce all of the following effects EXCEPT
A.
B.
C.
D.
grow salt-tolerant crop plants
decrease harvesting time
make crop plants resistant to disease
decrease soil nitrogen levels
Answers 21-25
21. C
22. C
23. C
24. A
25. D
26. In fruit flies, the gray body color (G) is
dominant to the ebony body color (g). What is
the genotypic ratio of the offspring of a cross
between a heterozygous gray female and an
ebony male?
A.
B.
C.
D.
25% Gg, 75% gg
50% Gg, 50% gg
75% gray, 25% ebony
100% gray
27. The process of meiosis produces
gametes. How does this process
increase reproductive variability?
A. Different combinations of alleles are produced.
B. Each allele from the parent cell forms a separate
gamete.
C. Each pair of genes undergoes crossing-over with
different genes.
D. The two genes are passed on to a daughter cell,
resulting in new traits.
28. DNA and RNA are nucleic
acids. A characteristic of RNA is
that it
A. remains in the chromosomes in the nucleus
B. is involved in translating information in DNA
into proteins
C. undergoes crossing-over during meiosis
D. is replicated during the process of mitosis
Answers 26-28
26. B
27. A
28. B