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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration Carrier- and VesicularMediated Transport Organelles and the Nucleus $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Prepared by Frank J. Torrano, American River College © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation FINAL ROUND Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $100 Question What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called? a. b. c. d. cytosol nucleoplasm interstitial fluid cytoplasm ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $100 Answer What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called? a. b. c. d. cytosol nucleoplasm interstitial fluid cytoplasm © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $200 Question Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane. a. b. c. d. hydrophilic; inside hydrophilic; outside hydrophobic; inside hydrophobic; outside ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $200 Answer Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane. a. b. c. d. hydrophilic; inside hydrophilic; outside hydrophobic; inside hydrophobic; outside © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $300 Question What type of membrane proteins catalyzes reactions in the extracellular fluid or within the cell? a. b. c. d. receptor proteins channel proteins enzymes recognition proteins ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $300 Answer What type of membrane proteins catalyzes reactions in the extracellular fluid or within the cell? a. b. c. d. receptor proteins channel proteins enzymes recognition proteins © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $400 Question Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)? a. They act as cell lubricants and adhesions. b. They act as receptors for extracellular components. c. They form part of the cell recognition system. d. All of the answers are correct. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $400 Answer Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)? a. They act as cell lubricants and adhesions. b. They act as receptors for extracellular components. c. They form part of the cell recognition system. d. All of the answers are correct. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $500 Question Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are what type of membrane protein? a. b. c. d. recognition protein anchoring protein enzyme receptor protein ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $500 Answer Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are what type of membrane protein? a. b. c. d. recognition protein anchoring protein enzyme receptor protein © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $100 Question Which of the following is a passive process? a. b. c. d. endocytosis diffusion exocytosis All of the answers are correct. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $100 Answer Which of the following is a passive process? a. b. c. d. endocytosis diffusion exocytosis All of the answers are correct. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $200 Question Which of the following is not a characteristic of osmosis? a. Water flows from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. b. It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to water. c. It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to solutes. ANSWER d. It is a passive process. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $200 Answer Which of the following is not a characteristic of osmosis? a. Water flows from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. b. It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to water. c. It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to solutes. d. It is a passive process. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $300 Question Red blood cells crenate in what type of solution? a. b. c. d. hypertonic hypotonic isotonic None of the answers is correct. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $300 Answer Red blood cells crenate in what type of solution? a. b. c. d. hypertonic hypotonic isotonic None of the answers is correct. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $400 Question Normal saline is which type of solution? a. b. c. d. hypertonic isotonic hypotonic hemolytic ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $400 Answer Normal saline is which type of solution? a. b. c. d. hypertonic isotonic hypotonic hemolytic © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $500 Question Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane? a. b. c. d. small and lipid-soluble small and water-soluble large and lipid-soluble large and water-soluble ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $500 Answer Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane? a. b. c. d. small and lipid-soluble small and water-soluble large and lipid-soluble large and water-soluble © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $100 Question Which process involves vesicular fusion with many lysosomes? a. b. c. d. pinocytosis facilitated diffusion phagocytosis cotransport ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $100 Answer Which process involves vesicular fusion with many lysosomes? a. b. c. d. pinocytosis facilitated diffusion phagocytosis cotransport © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $200 Question In active transport, what provides the energy needed to move ions or molecules across the membrane? a. b. c. d. sodium and potassium ions calcium ions sodium ions alone ATP molecules ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $200 Answer In active transport, what provides the energy needed to move ions or molecules across the membrane? a. b. c. d. sodium and potassium ions calcium ions sodium ions alone ATP molecules © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $300 Question Which of the following is an example of both passive and carrier-mediated transport? a. b. c. d. osmosis facilitated diffusion exchange pump endocytosis ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $300 Answer Which of the following is an example of both passive and carrier-mediated transport? a. b. c. d. osmosis facilitated diffusion exchange pump endocytosis © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $400 Question Glucose and amino acids move across the plasma membrane via which mechanism? a. b. c. d. diffusion active transport endocytosis facilitated diffusion ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $400 Answer Glucose and amino acids move across the plasma membrane via which mechanism? a. b. c. d. diffusion active transport endocytosis facilitated diffusion © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $500 Question What is the correct order of the events of phagocytosis? 1 - This fusion activates digestive enzymes. 2 - The vesicle moves into the cytoplasm. 3 - The enzymes break down the structure of the phagocytized material. 4 - Lysosomes fuse with the vesicle. 5 - The pseudopodia approach one another and fuse to trap the material within the vesicle. 6 - A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. 7 - Unresolved residue is then ejected from the cell by exocytosis. a. b. c. d. 6-4-5-2-3-1-7 6-5-2-4-1-3-7 6-2-5-1-4-3-7 4-6-5-1-3-2-7 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $500 Answer What is the correct order of the events of phagocytosis? 1 - This fusion activates digestive enzymes. 2 - The vesicle moves into the cytoplasm. 3 - The enzymes break down the structure of the phagocytized material. 4 - Lysosomes fuse with the vesicle. 5 - The pseudopodia approach one another and fuse to trap the material within the vesicle. 6 - A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. 7 - Unresolved residue is then ejected from the cell by exocytosis. a. b. c. d. 6-4-5-2-3-1-7 6-5-2-4-1-3-7 6-2-5-1-4-3-7 4-6-5-1-3-2-7 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $100 Question Which cytoskeletal proteins are found only in muscle cells? a. b. c. d. microfilaments intermediate filaments thick filaments microtubules ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $100 Answer Which cytoskeletal proteins are found only in muscle cells? a. b. c. d. microfilaments intermediate filaments thick filaments microtubules © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $200 Question Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"? a. b. c. d. peroxisomes membrane renewal vesicles lysosomes proteasomes ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $200 Answer Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"? a. b. c. d. peroxisomes membrane renewal vesicles lysosomes proteasomes © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $300 Question Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through a. b. c. d. the plasmalemma. nuclear pores. transport vesicles. nucleoli. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $300 Answer Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through a. b. c. d. the plasmalemma. nuclear pores. transport vesicles. nucleoli. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $400 Question Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. a. b. c. d. triglycerides glycogen digestive enzymes steroid hormones © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $400 Answer Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. a. b. c. d. triglycerides glycogen digestive enzymes steroid hormones © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $500 Question Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following? a. b. c. d. rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus ribosomes smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Organelles and the Nucleus: $500 Answer Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following? a. b. c. d. rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus ribosomes smooth endoplasmic reticulum © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $100 Question The first step of transcription involves which of the following? a. RNA polymerase moves along the gene. b. RNA nucleotides form bonds with DNA nucleotides. c. RNA polymerase and mRNA strand detach. d. RNA polymerase binds to a gene. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $100 Answer The first step of transcription involves which of the following? a. RNA polymerase moves along the gene. b. RNA nucleotides form bonds with DNA nucleotides. c. RNA polymerase and mRNA strand detach. d. RNA polymerase binds to a gene. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $200 Question For most of their lives, cells are in a. b. c. d. cytokinesis. interphase. prophase. mitosis. ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $200 Answer For most of their lives, cells are in a. b. c. d. cytokinesis. interphase. prophase. mitosis. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $300 Question Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following? a. b. c. d. benign tumors malignant tumors all neoplasms benign tumors and all neoplasms ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $300 Answer Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following? a. b. c. d. benign tumors malignant tumors all neoplasms benign tumors and all neoplasms © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $400 Question DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle? a. b. c. d. anaphase interphase prophase telophase ANSWER © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $400 Answer DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle? a. b. c. d. anaphase interphase prophase telophase © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $500 Question What is the correct order of the steps of translation? 1 - Ribosomal enzymes remove amino acid 1 from the first tRNA and attach it to amino acid 2 with a peptide bond. 2 - Second tRNA arrives, carrying an amino acid, and its anticodon binds to the second codon of the mRNA strand. 3 - Amino acids are added to the growing protein until the ribosome reaches the "stop" codon. 4 - mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and the first tRNA arrives. 5 - Small and large ribosomal subunits join together and enclose the mRNA. a. b. c. d. 4-5-2-1-3 5-4-2-1-3 4-5-1-2-3 4-5-3-2-1 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $500 Answer What is the correct order of the steps of translation? 1 - Ribosomal enzymes remove amino acid 1 from the first tRNA and attach it to amino acid 2 with a peptide bond. 2 - Second tRNA arrives, carrying an amino acid, and its anticodon binds to the second codon of the mRNA strand. 3 - Amino acids are added to the growing protein until the ribosome reaches the "stop" codon. 4 - mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and the first tRNA arrives. 5 - Small and large ribosomal subunits join together and enclose the mRNA. a. b. c. d. 4-5-2-1-3 5-4-2-1-3 4-5-1-2-3 4-5-3-2-1 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME FINAL ROUND Question What is the correct order of the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis? 1 - Ligands are removed and absorbed into the cytoplasm. 2 - Vesicles fuse with lysosomes. 3 - Vesicles return to the surface. 4 - Areas coated with ligands form deep pockets in membrane surface. 5 - Membrane with receptor molecules detaches from the lysosome. 6 - Ligands bind to receptors in plasma membrane. 7 - Pockets pinch off, forming vesicles. a. b. c. d. 2-6-4-5-3-1-7 3-5-6-4-7-2-1 7-4-6-5-2-1-3 6-4-7-2-1-5-3 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ANSWER BACK TO GAME FINAL ROUND Answer What is the correct order of the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis? 1 - Ligands are removed and absorbed into the cytoplasm. 2 - Vesicles fuse with lysosomes. 3 - Vesicles return to the surface. 4 - Areas coated with ligands form deep pockets in membrane surface. 5 - Membrane with receptor molecules detaches from the lysosome. 6 - Ligands bind to receptors in plasma membrane. 7 - Pockets pinch off, forming vesicles. a. b. c. d. 2-6-4-5-3-1-7 3-5-6-4-7-2-1 7-4-6-5-2-1-3 6-4-7-2-1-5-3 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. BACK TO GAME