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Studying the Structure of Cells Key terms: cell, microscopy, nucleus, organelle, micrograph, cytoplasm Today’s electron microscopes magnify objects thousands of times. These red blood cells, responsible for carrying oxygen around your body, are magnified ~4000 times! Microscopes and Human Health • 1860’s-1870’s – Compound microscopes were used for one of the biggest discoveries... – “germs” (viruses, some bacteria, etc) cause disease • Allowed for simple methods to prevent many diseases and increase human life span (e.g. hand washing and drinking clean water) Terms... • CELL: – The smallest unit that can perform the functions of life • MICROSCOPY: – The science of using microscopes to view samples or objects Cell Structure • Most of today’s advances in the treatment of diseases would not be possible without an understanding of what happens inside cells • Robert Hooke: 1655 – first person to study cells (piece of cork) Terms... • Nucleus: – The organelle that controls the cell’s activities • Organelle: – A specialized structure in a cell • Micrograph – A photograph taken with a microscope The Cell Theory 1. All living organisms are made of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic organizational unit of life. - i.e. how living things function 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. Did you know... If 1000 human body cells were lined up, they would be less than 2 cm long – about the width of a thumbnail!!