Download GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE
Motor fibers
• These arise from the upper
part of the nucleus ambiguus
in the medulla, and supply the
stylopharyngeus muscle
Sensory fibers
• Taste fibers from the posterior
third of the tongue
• General somatic afferent fibers
(pain, temperature, and tactile
sensation) from the posterior
third of the tongue, tonsils, soft
palate, tympanic membrane,
and Eustachian.
• baroreceptive from the carotid
body and the carotid sinus
Parasympathetic fibers (parotid
gland).
VAGUS NERVE
motor fibers
arise from the nucleus
ambiguus, supply all striated
muscles of the larynx and
pharynx, except the
stylopharyngeus
sensory fibers
carried general visceral
sensory input from the larynx,
pharynx, linings of the
trachea, bronchi, heart, aortic
arch, and abdominal viscera
parasympathetic
to smooth muscle and glands
of the pharynx, larynx, and
thoracic and abdominal
viscera.
Clinical features
• Isolated lesions of the
glossopharyngeal
nerve are rare. It is
more common to see
combined lesions of
the IX and X
• Patients with IX and X
nerve lesions present
with symptoms of
hoarseness,
dysphagia, and
dyspnea.
SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE
• Arising from the
nucleus ambiguus
in the medulla and
from upper cervical
segments.
• It supplies two
muscles: the
sternocleidomastoi
d and the trapezius
SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE
Nuclear lesions:
•syringomyelia/syringobulbia,
•motor neuron disease.
Skull and foramen magnum (lesions involve IX, X, XI, and XII)
and may also affect the medulla or upper cervical cord).
•neoplasms
•(meningiomas, dermoids)
•meningeal processes, and
•traumatic injuries.
Jugular foramen lesions: (lesions involve IX, X, and XI)
•leptomeningeal process (infectious, carcinomatous, and inflammatory)
•Trauma
•Guillain–Barré syndrome
In the neck:
•surgical procedures in the posterior triangle of the neck such as lymph node
excision or
•biopsy (most common cause
•Trauma
•radiation therapy
Hypoglossal (XII)
Cause: demyelinating disease, motor neuron disease, syringobulbia, Chiari
malformation, tumor, arteriovenous malformation, hemorrhage, ischemia,
inflammatory, and infectious conditions, Polio, TB,
LMN
UMN