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Genetics and Molecular Biology JEOPARDY!! Potpourri Meiosis Meiosis Genetics 1 Genetics 2 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 Potpourri Phenotype is always determined by… 10 Potpourri Genotype 20 Potpourri If both alleles show up in the phenotype of the heterozygote, they are… 20 Potpourri Codominant 30 Potpourri When a mutation occurs on a single chromosome, it’s called… 30 Potpourri Aneuploidy 30 Community 1 40 Potpourri When genes are placed in the reverse order on a chromosome, this is called… 40 Potpourri An inversion. 50 Potpourri Living things obtain genetic diversity by… 50 Potpourri *crossing over during prophase 1 *random orientation of *chromosomes during metaphase 1 *sexual reproduction 10 Meiosis When does crossing over occur and why? 10 Meiosis *Prophase 1 when homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis and form a tetrad *for genetic diversity in gametes 20 Meiosis What are the products of meiosis? 20 Meiosis *4 genetically different haploid cells *Sperm/egg cells (gametes) 30 Meiosis Why do homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase 1 of meiosis but never in mitosis? 30 Meiosis *To reduce the number of chromosomes (stays the same in mitosis) *to enable crossing over to occur (stays the same in mitosis) 40 Meiosis What is the law of segregation? 40 Meiosis *separation of chromosomes during anaphase 1 of meiosis. *ensures gametes only have one copy of each allele 50 Meiosis What is the law of independent assortment? 50 Meiosis Chromosomes with different alleles sort independently along the metaphase plate of meiosis 1. 10 Meiosis What term is used to describe chromosomes that carry the same genes, just different versions of those genes? 10 Meiosis Homologous Chromosomes 20 Meiosis When do homologous chromosomes pair up? What happens as a results? 20 Meiosis Prophase 1- synapsis occurs, a tetrad forms, enabling crossing over. 30 Meiosis What is required before meiosis can occur? 30 Meiosis *DNA replication in a diploid cell. 40 Meiosis Identify the phase of meiosis and explain. 40 Meiosis Anaphase 1; *homologous chromosomes separate into individual chromosomes (sister chromatids) *cell is now haploid 50 Meiosis A cat has a diploid number of 38. What would the number of chromosomes be in a cell in telophase 1 of meiosis in this cat? What would it look like? What would the number of chromatids be in a cell in telophase 2 of meiosis in this cat? What would it look like? 50 Meiosis 1.19, X (two sister chromatids) 2. 19, | (one half of a chromosomes, individual chromatid) 10 Genetics 1 Colorblindness and hemophilia are examles of… 10 Genetics 1 Sex-linked, recessive traits 20 Genetics 1 The allele that is expressed in the phenotype is referred to as …. 20 Dominant Genetics 1 30 Genetics 1 After mating a brown bunny with a white bunny, the offspring are all brown. What are the genotypes of the parents? The offspring? 30 Parents- BB X bb Offspring- Bb Genetics 1 40 Genetics 1 Since each pair of alleles segregate separately from other pairs of alleles, Mendel created… 40 Genetics 1 *The Law of Independent Assortment *supported by homologous chromosome random sorting during metaphase 1 of meiosis. 50 Genetics 1 Because alleles separate when homologous chromosomes split in anaphase 1 of meiosis, this supports Mendel’s… 50 Genetics 1 Law of Segregation 10 Genetics 2 My name is Bond, Ionic Bond; Taken, not shared! 10 Population Growth From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar> Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the water which one disolves faster? A: The one in Alaska because it is HIJKLMNO 10 Population Growth Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson. Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in. Urine - The opposite of "You're out!" Benign: What we want when we are eight. Intestine - Currently taking an exam CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport 10 Genetics 2 Mendel discovered that a dihybrid cross between parents heterozygous for both traits will always show what kind of phenotypic ratio? 10 9:3:3:1 Genetics 2 10 Genetics 2 20 Genetics 2 To determine the genotype of a dominant trait, you can mate this individual with… 20 Genetics 2 An individual homozygous recessive for the trait (called a test cross) 30 Genetics 2 When both alleles are expressed in an offspring, this is called… 30 Genetics 2 *codominance 30 Genetics 2 40 Skin color is an example of…. Genetics 2 40 Genetics 2 Polygenic Inheritance 50 Genetics 2 The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance states… 50 Genetics 2 It’s the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization that accounts for inheritance patterns.