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Molecules of Life Online Organizer 2017 Use web sites to learn about important molecules in living things: Go to Mrs. Elinow’s website. Click on the link for “Webquests”, look for the “Molecules of Life Webquest” Click the links in the document (or on website) to go to each website. Complete this graphic organizer. You will be responsible for all this information. Dehydration synthesis (=Condensation reaction) What happens in the animation? What is given off when the two monomers combine? Why do you think this reaction is called dehydration synthesis? Think! What is a polymer? How is hydrolysis related to dehydration synthesis (condensation)? Where in your body does hydrolysis take place? Main function of carbohydrates in cells: Biomolecules: The Carbohydrates Atoms in carbohydrates Examples of monosaccharides: Glucose chemical formula: What are two shapes of glucose? Monomers of carbohydrates: Examples of disaccharides: Disaccharides are: How are disaccharides formed? Revised 2-10-2017 Long polymers of carbohydrates are: Polysaccharides are: Examples include: (Plants) (Plants) (Animals) General characteristic of lipids: Biomolecules: The Lipids Functions of fat in the body: Atoms in lipids: What is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid? Which type of fatty acid is liquid at room temperature? Which type of fatty acid is solid at room temperature? Draw the structure of a phospholipid. Label: Phosphate head Lipid tail Hydrophilic region Hydrophobic region Function of phospholipids: Describe the structure of cholesterol: Why is cholesterol important in the body? Lipids vs. carbohydrates for Energy Storage Why does your body need energy? How much energy is stored in each gram of carbohydrates? How much energy is stored in each gram of lipids? Revised 2-10-2017 Think! Which one is used for long-term energy storage? Which one is used for short-term energy storage? Your body stores lipids in ____________ tissue What happens to glycogen when your body needs energy? The Basics: Proteins Atoms in proteins: Some examples of protein functions in the body: Primary Structure: Monomers of proteins (building blocks) Protein shape (conformation) is affected by: Amino acids and polypeptides What are amino acids? Linking amino acids Good sources of protein in food: There are ______________ different amino acids. Draw the general structure of an amino acid. How are essential and non-essential amino acids different? What is an “R” group? What type of reaction links amino acids together? All about enzymes a very special kind of protein! Function of enzymes: Enzymes are a type of ________________________ See also: Why Enzymes? Specificness Reusing Enzymes Denaturing Each enzyme catalyzes ______________ specific reaction. Enzymes are / are not changed in a chemical reaction. Circle the correct answer The function of an enzyme is determined by _______________ Revised 2-10-2017 What are some ways enzymes can be denatured? Understanding Carbs, Proteins & Fats and How the Body Burns Them. When you exercise, which organic compound is the first energy source? Which organic compound is the second source of energy? Why does the body burn sugars and lipids in that order? Under what conditions will the body use proteins for energy? Why do some athletes eat a lot of protein before exercise? What is DNA? Tour of the Basics Function of DNA: See these topics: What is DNA? What is a Gene? Things you may not know about DNA Describe the structure of DNA. What is a gene? Atoms in DNA: Explain how DNA produces a phenotype, such as freckles or curly hair. Monomers of nucleic acids: Think! What does it mean that “your genes are not your destiny”? Revised 2-10-2017