Download Chapter 4 – The Nucleus Controls the Functions of

Chapter 4 – The Nucleus Controls the Functions of Life
Name: _____________________
Pages 122 - 147
Date: ____________
Block: ________
Section 4.1 – The Function of the Nucleus within the Cell – pages 122 - 135
Functions
Cell Organelle
1. It provides shape to the cell. It is semipermeable, regulating the entry and exit of
substances.
2. It provides protection, shape and rigidity to
a plant cell.
3. It contains most of the cell organelles, each
of which perform a specific function.
4. Provides the cell with energy, especially
animal cells
5. This organelle captures energy from sunlight
and helps in the manufacture of food by the
process of photosynthesis.
6. Makes proteins
7. Transports material from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm
8. Membrane-bound sacs which transport
molecules throughout the cell
9. This organelle modifies molecules and
packages them into small membrane bound
sacs called vesicles.
10. It helps in the storage of water and several
other substances, namely food, waste
products and pigments.
11. It controls and coordinates all the activities
and functions of the cell.
12. It is semi-permeable, allowing substances to
enter and leave the nucleus of the cell. It
also provides protection to the nucleus of
the cell.
13. Produces ribosomes
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell?
1
Label each
cell part.
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Science 9 – The Nucleus: Control Centre of the Cell
1. The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. What 3 sets of instructions does it determine for
the cell?
2. What does DNA stand for?
3. The actual DNA structure is not really like a ladder, but like two coils wrapped around each
other. This structure is called a double __________________
4. What are the parts of DNA?
5. What makes up the backbone or sides of the double helix?
6. What makes up the steps of the ladder?
7. What do the letters A, G, C and T stand for? Are they a base, sugar, or phosphate
8. The number and order of A, G, C, and T bases determine the message carried out by the DNA
molecule. Adenosine (A) always pairs with
and guanine (G)
always pairs with
.
9. One side of a DNA molecule contains the following sequence of bases. Write a sequence of
the bases on the other side of the molecule.
ACCTGCTAT
10. What is chromatin?
11. What is a chromosome? Describe what they look like.
12. Describe the relationship between DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes.
_____________________________
13. The human body cell contains
chromosomes that arrange in
pairs.
14. What letters represent the 23rd chromosomes for a male? ________ What letters represent
the 23rd chromosomes for a female? ________
15. What are genes and where are they located?
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16. What is the function of a gene?
Section 4.2 – Mutation – pages 136 - 143
1. Define gene mutation and when it occurs:
2. Describe the following types of gene mutations:
 Deletion:
 Addition:
 Substitution:
3. Given the normal DNA sequence ACTGGTACTGTTA, identify each of the following as a
substitution, deletion, or addition of a base:
a) ACTGCTACTGTTA
b) ACTGGTACTGTT
c) ACTGGGTACTGTTA
4. Name the three different effects a mutation can have on an individual.
___________________________
5. Explain how a positive mutation affects an organism, and give an example
6. What is the difference between a neutral mutation and a negative mutation? Give an
example of each.
7. What happens when there is a mutation causing sickle cell anemia?
__________
8. Define mutagen:
9. List five examples of environmental mutagens.
10. Define gene therapy:
11. Put the letters of the following procedures of gene therapy in order. ____________________
a) The healthy gene is delivered to a cell in an inactivated virus.
b) Researchers determine which gene is mutated and causes the disease.
c) The functioning protein is used in the cell.
d) The cell starts copying the healthy gene.
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