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Transcript
Geocache Jeopardy ANSWERS Survival 100 Which would be more important to an organism living in the bottom of the ocean, phototaxis or chemotaxis? Chemotaxis – there would be no light at the bottom of the ocean to respond to but those organisms may use chemosynthesis for energy Survival 200 Which of the following organelles would be far more important in muscle cells versus skin cells? A. Mitochondria B. Chloroplasts C. Ribosomes D. Enzymes A. Mitochondria – muscles need more energy to continually contract Survival 300 The use of pesticides on crops has been a common farming practice for decades. What has been the greatest effect of natural selection through the use of pesticides on certain insect populations? A. Natural selection has been altered because the insects and their predators are killed. B. The rate of selection is increased because the pesticides do not kill the insects that are naturally resistant to it. C. The rate of selection has decreased because the pesticides kill only young insects. D. The pesticides have altered natural selection by causing the insect DNA to spontaneously mutate. B. Humans can impact natural selection Survival 400 Label the three solutions shown and describe the movement of water. Isotonic – in and out equally Hypotonic – water moves into cell Hypertonic – water moves out of cell Survival 500 What do these words have in common? Then explain at least two of the terms. Hemoglobin – carries oxygen in blood Insulin – unlocks cells for glucose absorption from blood stream Keratin – building protein for hair and nails Actin/Myosin – contractile protein for muscle Amylase – breaks down starch in mouth All proteins. Energy 100 Give a synonym for each: Producer – Autotroph or plant Consumer – heterotroph or herbivore/omnivore/carnivore Energy 200 Write the reactions for photosynthesis and respiration CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O Energy 300 Term for exocytosis, endocytosis, and ion pumps collectively Active transport (all require energy) Energy 400 • If phytoplankton contain 2500 Joules of energy, what amount of energy will be available by the time it reaches the top consumer? • 10% is passed up so top consumer gets 0.25 Joules Energy 500 Compare and contrast the structure and function of chloroplasts and mitochondria. Stroma and thylakoids (Calvin Cycle and light dependent reactions) Inner and outer membrane (Kreb’s and ETC) Chemistry 100 Name the four biological molecules that make up living things. Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates Chemistry 200 Energy that can be used by cells; produced during respiration ATP!!!! Chemistry 300 State the relationship between genes and protein. Genes (DNA) codes for amino acid sequence. Chemistry 400 Nucleotides are to nucleic acids as _________________ are to proteins. Amino Acids Chemistry 500 Label A – L Inheritance 100 Define genotype and phenotype. Give examples. Genotype: alleles represented by letters; homozygous or heterozygous Phenotype: physical expression of a gene, such as red hair Inheritance 200 Name of this type of diagram. What suspect is guilty? DNA Fingerprint Suspect 2 matches the crime DNA Inheritance 300 Name of this diagram and name for each numbered pair Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Inheritance 400 Relationship between generation III person 2 and generation IV person 6. Is the disorder sex-linked or recessive? Uncle – niece Recessive – because if it was sex linked male 5 in generation IV would have to have it (he got Y from dad and mom would have to give X with disorder if it was sex-linked) Inheritance 500 • Wolves are sometimes observed to have black coats and blue eyes. Assume that these traits are controlled by single locus genes and are located on different chromosomes. Assume further that normal coat color (N) is dominant to black (n) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). Suppose the alpha male and alpha female of a pack (these are the dominant individuals who do most of the breeding) are black with blue eyes and normal colored with brown eyes, respectively. The female is also heterozygous for both traits. How many of the offspring (assume 16) living in the pack will be normal colored with blue eyes? *must show Punnett square for points! 4 of 16 Pictures 100 • Name and function of #3 • Mitochondria = cellular respiration Pictures 200 Which organism is most closely related to birds, meaning they share a recent common ancestor? Crocodiles share the most common recent ancestor with birds Pictures 300 Amino acid sequence resulting from DNA strand below: GGC ATG GTA AAT CCG UAC CAU UUA Pro-Tyr-Asp-Leu Pictures 400 • Results of an experiment are given below. Determine the Independent Variable and Dependent Variable based on the data provided. • Independent: Radius of parachute (test variable) • Dependent: Time to reach ground in seconds Pictures 500 ID each leaf I - Birch II - Buckeye III - Pecan IV – Sweet gum V - Redbud VI - Magnolia VII – Locust Environment 100 What is the greatest source of carbon dioxide and why is carbon dioxide significant? Burning fossil fuels; global warming through green house effect Environment 200 Define bioaccumulation. As a toxin moves up the food chain its concentration is magnified or increased; mercury Environment 300 What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle? Take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen; use the carbon for glucose production Environment 400 Write a food chain with four organisms. Label each with its role in the ecosystem. Producer primary consumer or herbivore secondary consumer top predator Environment 500 The world is extremely diverse in life, but yet all organisms have the same four nucleotides and same set of amino acids. How is this possible? Sequence of DNA determines amino acid sequence for proteins. Possibilities are endless. Relationships 100 The yucca plant releases a strong scent at night when the yucca moth is active. The yucca moth, attracted by the scent, gathers pollen from the yucca flower. The yucca moth then deposits her eggs and the pollen on another plant. This ensures that the plant will be crosspollinated and that the yucca moth larvae have a steady food supply. Which relationship does this best illustrate? Mutualism (symbiosis) Relationships 200 Compare and contrast DNA and RNA (two similarities and two differences minimum) Same: nucleotides, used in protein production Differences: RNA has U instead of T, RNA is single strand instead of double Relationships 300 Type of evolution leading to a wide array of similar species that fill different niches. Adaptive radiation Relationships 400 Explain the relationships shown in this cartoon. Predation – shark eating fish Mutualism – Remora and shark Relationships 500 List the levels of organization from cell to biosphere. Give a fact for each level (something that we’ve learned about/specific detail) Cells tissues organs organ systems organisms population community ecosystem biome biosphere (with facts) Structure 100 Primary structure for DNA that is only seen in eukaryotic cells. Nucleus Structure 200 Name two structures found in plant cells but not animal. Cell wall and chloroplasts (plants also have larger vacuoles, although animal cells still have small vacuoles) Structure 300 What do pseudopods, cilia and flagella all have in common? All for movement Structure 400 Name for the model of an enzyme and substrate that fit together. Lock and key Structure 500 Name each labeled part and state function. A. Cytoplasm (interior gel like) B. Chloroplast(s (photosynthesis) C. Nuclear envelope (porous membrane) D. Nucleus (DNA) E. ER (move protein) F. Ribosomes (synthesize protein) G. Golgi (package and export proteins) H. Vacuole (storage) I. Lysosome (waste breakdown) J. Plasma membrane (selective membrane) K. Mitochondria (cellular respiration) L. Cell wall (plant structure) Reproduction 100 Form of reproduction that is fast and could lead to exponential growth Asexual (via mitosis or binary fission) Reproduction 200 Resulting product of meiosis in humans, including chromosome count 4 haploid gametes, each with 23 chromosomes Reproduction 300 Three sources of variation in sexual reproduction Crossing over Independent Assortment Fertilization Reproduction 400 Name the steps of MITOSIS in order and state what happens in each. P – Nuclear membrane break down, chromosomes condense M – Sister chromatids line up in middle A – chromosomes pull apart T – nuclear membrane reforms Reproduction 500 Name two behaviors and explain how they help an organism survive and reproduce. Answers Vary Random 100 Name one of the four colleges Mrs. Pittman has attended Malone College Cedar Crest College The Ohio State University Georgia Southern University Random 200 Which activity does Mrs. Pittman prefer: SKIING RUNNING PLAYING VOLLEYBALL BIKE RIDING NETFLIX-ING Random 300 What are the names of Mrs. Pittman’s two children? (must name both for points) Madeline and Phillip Random 400 What is the last book Mrs. Pittman finished reading? (not the book she is reading currently, but the last one she finished) Brave New World Random 500 What day is Mrs. Pittman’s anniversary or birthday? (must get one for points) Anniversary: March 17 (St. Patrick’s Day) Birthday: July 29