Download Cells - Kent

Cell Structure
1/6/15 Cells
Key Question: How are cells structured
and organized?
Initial Thoughts:
Bill Nye Movie
Evidence #1: Bill Nye Movie
Cells - Bill Nye Cells
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQch3Q
Yst78
Evidence #2: Notes & Diagrams
• Take notes from the PowerPoint
virtual tour of a cell.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=URUJD5NEXC8
Cell Theory
• Cells are the basic unit of life
• All living things are made of cells
• Cells come from other cells
Cells are…
• Definition: The basic unit of life
• Cells produce tissues
Tissues produce organs
Organs produce organ systems
Organs systems produce organisms
What is the difference
between a single cell and
cells working together?
Cell Specialization by Brainpop
Single Cells do everything by themselves;
Cells in tissues and organs divide up the work!
The discovery of cells
• Robert Hooke discovered the first cells. Cork
Cells were thought to have been these cells.
• Anton von Leeuwenhoek was first to
observe one celled living things. Examples
of these were bacteria and parameciums.
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells:
Eukaryotic Cells:
NO NUCLEUS
Have a TRUE NUCLEUS
Example: Bacteria
Example: all cells in your body
Create 2 columns:
Cell Part
Function
CELL PART:
CYTOPLASM
FUNCTION:
Gel-like material inside
cells
Holds organelles
CELL PART:
CELL MEMBRANE
FUNCTION:
“GATE KEEPER”—
Controls what goes
in and out
CELL PART:
NUCLEUS
FUNCTION:
Directs all cell
activities
With the
electron
microscope
CELL PART:
NUCLEOLUS
FUNCTION:
Helps to make
ribosomes;
Found inside nucleus
CELL PART:
Endoplasmic
Reticulum or ER
FUNCTION:
Pathway for moving
materials through cell
(the “express-way”)
CELL PART:
RIBOSOMES
FUNCTION:
Make protein!
Under the electron microscope:
A simple diagram
Under the electron microscope:
CELL PART:
MITOCHONDRIA
FUNCTION:
Releases energy in
the cell; the
“powerhouse”
Under the electron microscope:
CELL PART:
CHROMATIN (DNA)
FUNCTION:
Contains genes or
instructions for
cell’s activities
(found in nucleus)
Under the electron microscope:
CELL PART:
CHLOROPLAST
FUNCTION:
Converts sunlight into
cell energy
(Found in plants ONLY!)
Under the microscope
CELL PART:
CELL WALL
FUNCTION:
The outer structure
in plant cells; made
of cellulose
Under the microscope
CELL PART:
VACUOLES
FUNCTION:
Store water, food, and
waste products;
Very large in plant cells,
small in animal cells
Under the microscope
CELL PART:
GOLGI BODIES
FUNCTION:
Nicknamed “UPS”—
Packages & secrete
substances made
inside the cell
Under the microscope
CELL PART:
LYSOSOMES
FUNCTION:
Digests cell wastes
“garbage disposal”
Under the microscope
CELL PART:
Centriole
FUNCTION:
Help direct cell division
during mitosis; only in
animal cells
What are the two parts that
plant cells have that animal
cells do not have?
• Cell Walls
• Chloroplasts
Draw an animal and plant cell
Using this powerpoint and the Cell
Games Link on Swift, draw and label
an animal and plant cell.
Cell Games:
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/an
atomy/cell/index.htm
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Analysis Questions
1. What are the differences between a eukaryotic
cell and a prokaryotic cell? Give examples of
organisms of each.
2. What is the job of the cell membrane? Why
would this be important to a cell?
3. Compare and contrast plant cells and animal
cells. (How are they different? How are they
the same?)
Summary
In a well developed paragraph:
– What did you think before about how cells are
structured? (look back at your initial thoughts)
– What did you learn about how cells are structured?
Be specific! (look back at your evidence section).
– What evidence do you have that you learned this?
– Further Thoughts
Make sure this is thoughtful and thorough.
Reflection
• Draw a picture of how cells are organized to
make complex organisms.
• Cells tissues  organs 
organ systems  organisms
Big Idea: Cells
• Cells are the building blocks of life
• Cells tissues  organs 
organ systems  organisms
• Organelles each have a different job
• Prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus;
Eukaryotic cells do.