Download 2013 First Semester Review

PAP Biology Fall Semester Exam Review (rev. ‘13)
Chapter 1
1. Define homeostasis.
2. List 5 characteristics of living things.
3. Define hypothesis.
4. Define control.
5. List the functions of the following microscope parts:
a) arm
c) body tube
b) base
d) eyepiece
6. List the steps used to focus a microscope.
7. Define metabolism.
8. What do the lenses of a microscope do to an image?
9. What is defined as a logical, orderly way to solve a problem?
10. What is a hypothesis that is supported by experimentation?
11. How do you calculate total magnification of a microscope?
12. Define sexual and asexual reproduction.
Biochemistry
13. What are the building blocks of proteins?
14. Give the molecular formula for glucose.
15. What makes a compound organic?
16. What is the function of carbohydrates like glucose?
17. What is a substrate? What are enzymes? What factors affect their activity?
18. Where are acids found on the pH scale? Where are bases found on the pH scale?
19. What are electrically charged atoms?
20. What is the smallest particle of matter which still retains properties of an element?
21. What are atoms with a different number of neutrons, but the same number of protons?
22. What other information does the atomic number tell you?
23. Define ionic and covalent bonding.
24. What is the particle in an atom with a positive charge? With a negative charge?
25. How many electrons can the first energy level of an atom hold?
26. How many different amino acids are there?
Cell structure and function
27. What is the function of ribosomes?
28. What two types of molecules make up the cell membrane?
29. What is the function of the chloroplasts?
30. What is the function of the mitochondria?
31. What difference between plant and animal cells?
32. Define osmosis.
33. What is the difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?
34. In reference to the diagram below, in which direction will water move? Why?
Why won’t it reach equilibrium?
Is this active or passive transport?
Which specific type is shown in the
experiment?
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Why won’t it reach equilibrium?
What are specialized structures in the cytoplasm of cells?
What is nucleoplasm?
What is the very thin structure which encloses a cell and controls what enters and leaves?
Which scientist was the first to record observing cells and built the first rough microscope?
What are all organisms composed of?
What are the large, clear, fluid-filled sacs used for storage?
What is the rigid outer structure made of cellulose in plant cells?
What structures are found in all cells?
What is cytoplasm?
What is the command center of the cell?
List the parts of the cell theory.
46. Which organelle packages and distributes proteins?
47. What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution? In a hypertonic solution?
48. Distinguish between passive and active transport. Give an example of each.
49. What is pinocytosis? Phagocytosis?
50. List the properties of the cell membrane.
Ecology
51. What is a food chain? What is a food web?
52. What are organisms which perform photosynthesis called? What is their ecological role?
53. In an energy pyramid, how much energy is transferred to each higher level?
54. Define symbiosis. Name and describe three types.
55. Give an example of predation.
56. Define succession.
57. What is the role of the decomposers? Which groups of organisms are decomposers?
58. Define competition.
Origins
59. Who was Darwin?
60. Define evolution. What pieces of evidence do scientists use to support Darwin’s theory of evolution?
61. What does prokaryotic mean?
62. Define biogenesis.
63. What does eukaryotic mean?
64. What are homologous structures? What are analogous structures?
65. What do homologous structures tell us?
66. What is natural selection? What is it also called?
67. What characteristics do scientists believe describe the first organism?
Classification
68. List the seven taxa in order from kingdom to species.
69. In Homo sapiens, what part is the genus? What part is the species name?
70. Which are more closely related, members of the same family or same genus?
71. Who developed the basis for our modern classification system?
72. What is the two part naming system used for all organisms?
73. What similarities do modern taxonomists use to classify living things?
74. Define taxonomy.
75. Which kingdoms contain bacteria?