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Transcript
Two types of ion channels regulated by receptors and drugs. A. Diagram of a voltage-activated Na+ channel with the pore in the open and closed state. The pore-forming P loops are shown in blue, angled into the pore to form the selectivity filter. The S4 helices forming the voltage sensor are shown in orange, with the positively charged amino acids displayed as red dots. B. Ligand-gated nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed in the skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction. The pore is made up of 5 subunits, each with a large extracellular domain and 4 transmembrane helices (1 of these subunits is shown at the left of panel B). The helix that lines the pore is shown in blue. The receptor is composed of 2 α subunits, and β, γ, and δ subunits. See text for discussion of other ligand-gated ion channels. Detailed descriptions of specific channels are given throughout the text in relation to the therapeutic actions Source: Pharmacodynamics: Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Action, Goodman and Gilman's Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2e of drugs affecting these channels (see especially Chapters 11, 14, and 20). (Adapted with permission from Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall Citation: Hilal-Dandan R, Brunton LL.eds. Goodman and Gilman's Manual of Pharmacology andAssociates, Therapeutics, 2016 Available at: WC, LaMantia AS, McNamara JO, and White LE, Neuroscience, 4th ed. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Inc.,2e; 2008.) http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: May 10, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved