* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Treatment of Cough
Drug discovery wikipedia , lookup
Clinical trial wikipedia , lookup
Serotonin syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Discovery and development of antiandrogens wikipedia , lookup
Polysubstance dependence wikipedia , lookup
Discovery and development of integrase inhibitors wikipedia , lookup
Pharmaceutical industry wikipedia , lookup
5-HT3 antagonist wikipedia , lookup
Prescription costs wikipedia , lookup
Discovery and development of beta-blockers wikipedia , lookup
Toxicodynamics wikipedia , lookup
NMDA receptor wikipedia , lookup
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers wikipedia , lookup
Cannabinoid receptor antagonist wikipedia , lookup
Drug interaction wikipedia , lookup
Pharmacognosy wikipedia , lookup
Pharmacogenomics wikipedia , lookup
NK1 receptor antagonist wikipedia , lookup
Neuropharmacology wikipedia , lookup
Treatment of Cough Cough in general 1. Cough is a forceful release of air from lungs 2. In order to protect the respiratory system by clearing of a. Irritants b. Secretions 3. It can be divided into 2 types a. Productive cough – with phlegm b. Non – productive (Dry) cough – without phlegm Treatment of Cough 1. Antitussive a. Opioid i. Codeine (methylmorphine) b. Non – opioid i. Dextromethorphan 2. Expectorant a. Guaifenesin 3. Mucolytics a. N – actylcysteine b. Bromhexine c. Ambroxol (active metabolite of Bromhexine) Drugs/Infos 1. Codeine (Methylmorphine) Clinical Uses 1. Dry cough 2. Diarrhea 3. Mild/moderate pain Drugs/Infos Dextromethorphan Clinical Uses 1. Dry cough Antitussive Opioid Mechanism of Action 1. Suppress the Mu Opioid receptor at the CNS a. Suppress cough stimulus at the CNS b. Therefore reduce cough 2. Has analgesic effect a. Therefore also being used in treatment of pain None Opioid Mechanism of Action 1. Suppress cough center at Medulla Oblongata 2. Stimulates the Sigma Receptor (opoid receptor) 3. Antagonist the activity of NMDA glutaminergic receptor 4. Inhibit reuptake of serotonin Side Effects 3. Respiratory depression 4. Drig tolerance 5. Drug dependency 6. Constipation Side Effects Safer compared to codeine 1. Lesser addiction 2. Lesser constipation Drugs/Infos Guaifenesin Expectorants Mechanism of Action Improve the ability to expectorate (remove) the phlegm and sputum Side Effects 1. Nausea 2. Vomiting Clinical Use 1. Productive cough Mucolytics Drugs/Infos N – Acetylcysteine Clinical Uses 1. Productive cough 2. Antidote of PCM overdose Bromhexine Ambroxol (active metabolite of Bromhexine) Clinical uses 1. Productive cough Mechanism of Action 1. ↓ mucus viscosity by a. Splitting the disulfide bond that links proteins in the mucus Has antioxidant property 1. ↓mucus viscosity by a. Fragmenting long polysaccharide chains of mucus b. Resulting in more watery mucus which is easier to be expelled out 2. Stimulate surfactant secretion