Download review points: evolution

REVIEW POINTS: EVOLUTION
Introduction to Evolution
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What is a theory?
Types of Mutations
Selective Breeding
Evidence for Evolution
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Age of the Earth
Absolute dating and relative dating
The fossil record
The theory of plate tectonics and
biogeography
Homologous, analogous, vestigial
features
The Modern Synthesis
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Charles Darwin’s theory and travels
What is the modern evolutionary
synthesis?
Evolution acts on genes
Gene duplications
Homologous genes, pseudogenes
Natural Selection
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What is natural selection?
Organisms have features that make
them better suited to an environment,
they are more likely to reproduce and
these features are more likely to persist
in a population
Adaptation
Directional, stabilizing and disruptive
selection
Sexual Selection
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What is sexual selection?
How can hindersome traits evolve?
Inter and intra- sexual selection
Evolutionary Change without Selection
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Genetic drift
Bottleneck effect
Founders effect
Hardy-Weinberg
Speciation
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Microevolution
What is a species?
Reproductive isolating mechanisms
(pre-zygotic and post-zygotic)
Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
Polyploidy
Patterns of Evolution
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What is adaptive radiation
Divergent, convergent and co-evolution
How competition influences evolution
Macroevolution
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What is macroevolution?
Abiogenesis
Cambrian explosion, age of the
dinosaurs
Mass extinctions and their effect on
species and evolution
Phylogeny
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What is phylogeny?
What are cladistics? Cladograms?
Synapomorphies
Theory of Gradualism and the Theory of
Punctuated Equilibrium
Gaps in the Fossil Record
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Transitional forms (missing links?)
Archaeopteryx and Tiktaalik
Human Evolution
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Human characteristics
Human Phylogeny
The Hominid Fossil Record
Migration out of Africa
Cultural Evolution
Human impacts on evolution of other
species