From the "Modern Synthesis" to cybernetics: Ivan Ivanovich
... totalitarian Soviet Union. His great services to evolutionary and theoretical biology are indisputable. However, the received view of Schmalhausen’s contributions to evolutionary biology makes an unbiased reading of his texts difficult. Here we show that taking all of his works into consideration (i ...
... totalitarian Soviet Union. His great services to evolutionary and theoretical biology are indisputable. However, the received view of Schmalhausen’s contributions to evolutionary biology makes an unbiased reading of his texts difficult. Here we show that taking all of his works into consideration (i ...
Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species
... used this approach ignored the important contributions made by Darwin’s contemporaries as well as other scientists who preceded and followed him. Even worse, this approach ignored the large number of people to whom Darwin wrote letters either to discuss the research he was doing or to obtain the ans ...
... used this approach ignored the important contributions made by Darwin’s contemporaries as well as other scientists who preceded and followed him. Even worse, this approach ignored the large number of people to whom Darwin wrote letters either to discuss the research he was doing or to obtain the ans ...
The Darwinian Revolution as a knowledge
... neutrally, large transformations of scientific knowledge systems are not understood as a series of individual achievements by a few hero scientists. Instead, Historical Epistemology aims at embedding these individual contributions in their historical and social context. The goal of this embedding is ...
... neutrally, large transformations of scientific knowledge systems are not understood as a series of individual achievements by a few hero scientists. Instead, Historical Epistemology aims at embedding these individual contributions in their historical and social context. The goal of this embedding is ...
Adaptive landscapes - BOA Bicocca Open Archive
... approach - for example, the plurality of available notions of model forces us to choose one notion and see where it brings, otherwise we get stuck in confused, endless debates; an updated analytical comment of recent landscapes - Dobzhansky, Simpson, Dawkins but also the proliferation of combination ...
... approach - for example, the plurality of available notions of model forces us to choose one notion and see where it brings, otherwise we get stuck in confused, endless debates; an updated analytical comment of recent landscapes - Dobzhansky, Simpson, Dawkins but also the proliferation of combination ...
Haeckel: legacy of fraud to popularise evolution
... Pauli J. Ojala and Matti Leisola Embryology was once called Entwicklungsgeschichte, the evolutionary history of organisms. This history was believed to repeat itself during the development of every new individual. Ernst Haeckel’s typology combined the pamphlets of Goethe, classification schemes of C ...
... Pauli J. Ojala and Matti Leisola Embryology was once called Entwicklungsgeschichte, the evolutionary history of organisms. This history was believed to repeat itself during the development of every new individual. Ernst Haeckel’s typology combined the pamphlets of Goethe, classification schemes of C ...
Veblen and Darwinism
... on the faith that nothing happens without a cause and that every cause has an effect’. This applies to human intentionality as well as everything else. Contrary to widespread belief, causal explanation does not mean that intentions are ignored in Darwinism; it simply means that they are caused, and ...
... on the faith that nothing happens without a cause and that every cause has an effect’. This applies to human intentionality as well as everything else. Contrary to widespread belief, causal explanation does not mean that intentions are ignored in Darwinism; it simply means that they are caused, and ...
The Evolution of Aging 3
... Why do we age? This question has baffled scientists for 150 years and remains unresolved. Scientists disagree over even the general nature of aging. Is aging the result of fundamental limitations that apply to all living things, do we age because our bodies do not try harder not to age, or are organ ...
... Why do we age? This question has baffled scientists for 150 years and remains unresolved. Scientists disagree over even the general nature of aging. Is aging the result of fundamental limitations that apply to all living things, do we age because our bodies do not try harder not to age, or are organ ...
convergence, recurrence and diversification of
... had taken on their mature head shape but had not yet individualized), providing a minimum length for the species. A species was considered to be sperm heteromorphic when two distinct (i.e., nonoverlapping) sperm lengths or head shapes were produced by a single male (see Fig. 1A, E, F). One to nine i ...
... had taken on their mature head shape but had not yet individualized), providing a minimum length for the species. A species was considered to be sperm heteromorphic when two distinct (i.e., nonoverlapping) sperm lengths or head shapes were produced by a single male (see Fig. 1A, E, F). One to nine i ...
The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance
... This approach stresses the point that science is a form of human endeavor and is therefore inseparable from the intellectual and institutional milieu of the period. This view is particularly fascinating to those who come to the history of science from the field of general history. They might ask suc ...
... This approach stresses the point that science is a form of human endeavor and is therefore inseparable from the intellectual and institutional milieu of the period. This view is particularly fascinating to those who come to the history of science from the field of general history. They might ask suc ...
From Darwinian Metaphysics towards Understanding the Evolution
... Nonetheless, the overall argument of this book still applies. On the one hand, since the time of my earlier work some of its claims – such as the advocacy of multilevel selectionism and the role of evolutionary constraints – have become hotly disputed topics in biology and the philosophy of biology. ...
... Nonetheless, the overall argument of this book still applies. On the one hand, since the time of my earlier work some of its claims – such as the advocacy of multilevel selectionism and the role of evolutionary constraints – have become hotly disputed topics in biology and the philosophy of biology. ...
Peirce`s evolutionary pragmatic idealism - Deep Blue
... shall reply that the universe is a vast representamen, a great symbol of God's purpose, working out its conclusions in living realities. Now every symbol must have, organically attached to it, its Indices of Reactions and its Icons of Qualities; and such part as these reactions and these qualities p ...
... shall reply that the universe is a vast representamen, a great symbol of God's purpose, working out its conclusions in living realities. Now every symbol must have, organically attached to it, its Indices of Reactions and its Icons of Qualities; and such part as these reactions and these qualities p ...
theodosius dobzhansky - National Academy of Sciences
... thinkable and true. Evolution is a light which illuminates all facts, a trajectory which all lines of thought must follow—this is what evolution is." Dobzhansky's most significant contribution to science doubtless was his role in formulating the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory. His Genetics ...
... thinkable and true. Evolution is a light which illuminates all facts, a trajectory which all lines of thought must follow—this is what evolution is." Dobzhansky's most significant contribution to science doubtless was his role in formulating the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory. His Genetics ...
THE EVOLUTION OF PARASITES IN RESPONSE TO TOLERANCE
... T , is illustrated in Figure 2A. The level of virulence, a, experienced by infected hosts is always reduced when a tolerant genotype becomes fixed in the population (Figs. 3A, D). The evolution of type I tolerance is likely to increase disease prevalence (Figs. 4A, D). This is due, in part, to the l ...
... T , is illustrated in Figure 2A. The level of virulence, a, experienced by infected hosts is always reduced when a tolerant genotype becomes fixed in the population (Figs. 3A, D). The evolution of type I tolerance is likely to increase disease prevalence (Figs. 4A, D). This is due, in part, to the l ...
The Poetics of Science in, and around, Nabokov`s The Gift
... messages, and traces of others’ thought and art constitute a major component of Nabokov’s artistic material and method. When the novel at hand includes lengthy reflections upon the scientific and even metaphysical implications of mimicry and natural camouflage, then one feels compelled to look for t ...
... messages, and traces of others’ thought and art constitute a major component of Nabokov’s artistic material and method. When the novel at hand includes lengthy reflections upon the scientific and even metaphysical implications of mimicry and natural camouflage, then one feels compelled to look for t ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Evolution
... will hopefully continue with twists and turns for her whole life. Socrates claimed that the root of all human evil is simply ignorance: If only people knew better, if they spent a bit more time inquiring and examining their lives, all would be good. I am not quite as optimistic (or naive) as Socrate ...
... will hopefully continue with twists and turns for her whole life. Socrates claimed that the root of all human evil is simply ignorance: If only people knew better, if they spent a bit more time inquiring and examining their lives, all would be good. I am not quite as optimistic (or naive) as Socrate ...
The Peppered moth: decline of a Darwinian disciple
... I can pretty often see the attack coming in the form of qualifying with “supposed evidence”, etc. and confrontational discussions throughout the text. I expected this from Majerus. …. ‘Throughout the chapter “The Peppered Moth Story”, Majerus gives not the slightest hint of the bomb I was waiting fo ...
... I can pretty often see the attack coming in the form of qualifying with “supposed evidence”, etc. and confrontational discussions throughout the text. I expected this from Majerus. …. ‘Throughout the chapter “The Peppered Moth Story”, Majerus gives not the slightest hint of the bomb I was waiting fo ...
Transformations of Lamarckism
... fact, is what the present volume is about. The volume is based on the papers presented and the discussions that took place in our workshop, and it describes work from a wide range of disciplines. Because of this we have included a glossary of some of the specialist terms that may be unfamiliar to th ...
... fact, is what the present volume is about. The volume is based on the papers presented and the discussions that took place in our workshop, and it describes work from a wide range of disciplines. Because of this we have included a glossary of some of the specialist terms that may be unfamiliar to th ...
Mrs. Whitecar CMS 7 th grade Ch 12 TEST: Adaptations over time
... an antiobiotic made from fungus that is an example of punctuated equilibrium. study of the development of the embryos of organisms evolution as a slow change of one species to another Origin of the Species body parts that are reduced in size with no apparent function survival of the fittest evolutio ...
... an antiobiotic made from fungus that is an example of punctuated equilibrium. study of the development of the embryos of organisms evolution as a slow change of one species to another Origin of the Species body parts that are reduced in size with no apparent function survival of the fittest evolutio ...
Richardson and Chipman 2003
... and Trainor, ’83). An alternative view is that, when developmental mechanisms evolve, their associated constraints also evolve. Constraints are therefore ‘local’ rather than universal, and will be historically contingent (Maynard Smith, ’83). In support of this view is the observation that some phen ...
... and Trainor, ’83). An alternative view is that, when developmental mechanisms evolve, their associated constraints also evolve. Constraints are therefore ‘local’ rather than universal, and will be historically contingent (Maynard Smith, ’83). In support of this view is the observation that some phen ...
Bully for Brontosaurus - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s
... Cavalli-Sforza was a pioneer in using genetic analysis (primarily blood type and protein analysis in the 1960’s, as this predated modern gene sequencing techniques) to identify relationships among different peoples. Despite its greater age, scientists did not think that linguistics could play a role ...
... Cavalli-Sforza was a pioneer in using genetic analysis (primarily blood type and protein analysis in the 1960’s, as this predated modern gene sequencing techniques) to identify relationships among different peoples. Despite its greater age, scientists did not think that linguistics could play a role ...
Nabokov, Teleology, and Insect Mimicry
... Although Vladimir Nabokov may be better known for his outstanding literary achievements, he also had gift for science. While acting as curator at Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology in the 1940s, he became an expert on a group of butterflies popularly known as "Blues." He named one species and s ...
... Although Vladimir Nabokov may be better known for his outstanding literary achievements, he also had gift for science. While acting as curator at Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology in the 1940s, he became an expert on a group of butterflies popularly known as "Blues." He named one species and s ...
empirical evidence for bet hedging Modes of response to
... To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions ...
... To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions ...
Rapid evolution of adaptive niche construction
... Laland and Sterelny 2006; Scott-Phillips et al. 2014). In many situations, niche construction that is personalized—not shared between individuals—can be considered analogous to a standard organismic phenotype in its evolutionary and ecological effects, in which case standard evolutionary theory is s ...
... Laland and Sterelny 2006; Scott-Phillips et al. 2014). In many situations, niche construction that is personalized—not shared between individuals—can be considered analogous to a standard organismic phenotype in its evolutionary and ecological effects, in which case standard evolutionary theory is s ...
Daniels_bu_001 - OpenBU
... reciprocal and responsive exchange of ideas. The three friends, in their own ways, hold to the traditional view of divine retribution and reward. Eliphaz, in chapters 4–5 and 15, recognizes Job’s essential innocence. Given Job’s innocence, Eliphaz feels the need to justify God’s actions by minimizin ...
... reciprocal and responsive exchange of ideas. The three friends, in their own ways, hold to the traditional view of divine retribution and reward. Eliphaz, in chapters 4–5 and 15, recognizes Job’s essential innocence. Given Job’s innocence, Eliphaz feels the need to justify God’s actions by minimizin ...
An Introduction to Biological Aging Theory
... theory or the theory of how the evolution process operates is crucial to modern aging theories because it became clear that lifespan is as unique to a particular species as any other evolved trait. We look to evolution theory to explain why living species possess their particular designs and so theo ...
... theory or the theory of how the evolution process operates is crucial to modern aging theories because it became clear that lifespan is as unique to a particular species as any other evolved trait. We look to evolution theory to explain why living species possess their particular designs and so theo ...
Catholic Church and evolution
Since the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species in 1859, the attitude of the Catholic Church on the theory of evolution has slowly been refined. Early contributions to the development of evolutionary theory were made by Catholic scientists such as Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and the Augustinian monk Gregor Mendel. For nearly a century, the papacy offered no authoritative pronouncement on Darwin's theories. In the 1950 encyclical Humani generis, Pope Pius XII confirmed that there is no intrinsic conflict between Christianity and the theory of evolution, provided that Christians believe that the individual soul is a direct creation by God and not the product of purely material forces. Today, the Church supports theistic evolution(ism), also known as evolutionary creation, although Catholics are free not to believe in any part of evolutionary theory.The Catholic Church holds no official position on the theory of creation or evolution, leaving the specifics of either theistic evolution or literal creationism to the individual within certain parameters established by the Church. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, any believer may accept either literal or special creation within the period of an actual six day, twenty-four hour period, or they may accept the belief that the earth evolved over time under the guidance of God. Catholicism holds that God initiated and continued the process of his evolutionary creation, that Adam and Eve were real people (the Church rejects polygenism) and affirms that all humans, whether specially created or evolved, have and have always had specially created souls for each individual.Catholic schools in the United States and other countries teach evolution as part of their science curriculum. They teach the fact that evolution occurs and the modern evolutionary synthesis, which is the scientific theory that explains how evolution proceeds. This is the same evolution curriculum that secular schools teach. Bishop Francis X. DiLorenzo of Richmond, chair of the Committee on Science and Human Values, wrote in a letter sent to all U.S. bishops in December 2004: ""... Catholic schools should continue teaching evolution as a scientific theory backed by convincing evidence. At the same time, Catholic parents whose children are in public schools should ensure that their children are also receiving appropriate catechesis at home and in the parish on God as Creator. Students should be able to leave their biology classes, and their courses in religious instruction, with an integrated understanding of the means God chose to make us who we are.""