The Growth of Structural and Functional Complexity
... evolutionary ladder (Gould, 1994). The present relativistic ideology, which tends to put all people, theories, cultures and even species on an equal footing, shies away from the implied idea of a ladder or hierarchy of complexity, and therefore rejects the whole growth of complexity argument. On the ...
... evolutionary ladder (Gould, 1994). The present relativistic ideology, which tends to put all people, theories, cultures and even species on an equal footing, shies away from the implied idea of a ladder or hierarchy of complexity, and therefore rejects the whole growth of complexity argument. On the ...
Evolution PowerPoint
... Simple organic molecules may have formed in the oceans.. Small sequences of RNA may have formed and replicated. First prokaryotes may have formed when RNA or DNA was enclosed in microspheres. Later prokaryotes were photosynthetic and produced oxygen. ...
... Simple organic molecules may have formed in the oceans.. Small sequences of RNA may have formed and replicated. First prokaryotes may have formed when RNA or DNA was enclosed in microspheres. Later prokaryotes were photosynthetic and produced oxygen. ...
Phenotypic plasticity in evolutionary rescue experiments
... number of offspring in the next generation), rather than on relative fitness ( proportional contribution to the next generation, more commonly used in evolutionary genetics), because only the former affects demography. In practice, one can compute absolute fitness from the vital rates (ageor stage-s ...
... number of offspring in the next generation), rather than on relative fitness ( proportional contribution to the next generation, more commonly used in evolutionary genetics), because only the former affects demography. In practice, one can compute absolute fitness from the vital rates (ageor stage-s ...
Evolutionary Dynamics of Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume–Rhizobia
... in a frequency-dependent manner according to Eq. (1), change in their nitrogen fixation ability by mutation, and are released back to the soil following the death of their host plants (Eq. (4)). Proliferation of colonized rhizobia is driven by the benefit (promoting force) and cost (destabilizing fo ...
... in a frequency-dependent manner according to Eq. (1), change in their nitrogen fixation ability by mutation, and are released back to the soil following the death of their host plants (Eq. (4)). Proliferation of colonized rhizobia is driven by the benefit (promoting force) and cost (destabilizing fo ...
Cladistic analysis or cladistic classification?
... cladogram which results from the cladistic analysis. The argument arises over the; relationship of such a cladogram to the classification that is to be based on it. Cladists assume that a one-to-one relationship exists between cladogram (phyletic diagram) and classification. The cladogram, once it i ...
... cladogram which results from the cladistic analysis. The argument arises over the; relationship of such a cladogram to the classification that is to be based on it. Cladists assume that a one-to-one relationship exists between cladogram (phyletic diagram) and classification. The cladogram, once it i ...
Ever Since Darwin - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s Essays
... forms, or delayed publications for many years. The materialistic role of natural selection was such heresy that he sidestepped its role on humans in Origin of Species (1859), and even when he confronted it in The Decent of Man (1871), did so as gently as possible. [This is consistent with apparent f ...
... forms, or delayed publications for many years. The materialistic role of natural selection was such heresy that he sidestepped its role on humans in Origin of Species (1859), and even when he confronted it in The Decent of Man (1871), did so as gently as possible. [This is consistent with apparent f ...
Palaeontologia Electronica Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man
... evolved until the Cretaceous. Despite our fondness for Jurassic Park and the cool T. rex depicted in it, it still is a fictional movie. (4) Adding insult to injury, figure 2.3 (p. 44) shows that ornithischians arose in the late Paleozoic, and that the saurischians evolved in the early Triassic. The ...
... evolved until the Cretaceous. Despite our fondness for Jurassic Park and the cool T. rex depicted in it, it still is a fictional movie. (4) Adding insult to injury, figure 2.3 (p. 44) shows that ornithischians arose in the late Paleozoic, and that the saurischians evolved in the early Triassic. The ...
Punctuated equilibrium in fact and theory
... I had studied Lye11 in detail and had recognized the central character of the textbook myth that Lyell’s principle of uniformity had forged modern geology by discrediting biblically-trained catastrophists-see my first paper, Gould, 1965, and my latest book, Gould, 1987). I had, in short and by these ...
... I had studied Lye11 in detail and had recognized the central character of the textbook myth that Lyell’s principle of uniformity had forged modern geology by discrediting biblically-trained catastrophists-see my first paper, Gould, 1965, and my latest book, Gould, 1987). I had, in short and by these ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... The notion of Darwinian individuality is central: the evolutionary transition from single cells to multicellularity begins with a population of individual cells replete with Darwinian properties. The transition is complete when the focal population comprises collectives (of cells) that are themselve ...
... The notion of Darwinian individuality is central: the evolutionary transition from single cells to multicellularity begins with a population of individual cells replete with Darwinian properties. The transition is complete when the focal population comprises collectives (of cells) that are themselve ...
Reprint
... predator case is also formally equivalent to a no-predator model. To model the static predator scenario we use the above dynamical system but we suppose that P is constant (and thus we do not need eq. 4). As already mentioned, our goal is to explore the way in which the ecological interactions embod ...
... predator case is also formally equivalent to a no-predator model. To model the static predator scenario we use the above dynamical system but we suppose that P is constant (and thus we do not need eq. 4). As already mentioned, our goal is to explore the way in which the ecological interactions embod ...
Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about
... after the boy had passed away. The grieving father angrily kicked her out of his house, no doubt blaming the Vatican for her unChristian and dogmatic behavior. Draper’s tale of “ferocious theologians” hounding the pioneers of science “with a Bible in one hand and a fiery fagot in the other,” as one c ...
... after the boy had passed away. The grieving father angrily kicked her out of his house, no doubt blaming the Vatican for her unChristian and dogmatic behavior. Draper’s tale of “ferocious theologians” hounding the pioneers of science “with a Bible in one hand and a fiery fagot in the other,” as one c ...
Repeated evolution of reproductive isolation in a marine snail
... emphasize the importance of distinguishing between parallel ecological divergence of ecotypes and independent parallel origin of alleles. The latter is just one possible mechanism explaining parallel evolution of ecotypes, host races, etc., but this distinction is mostly not made in the literature ( ...
... emphasize the importance of distinguishing between parallel ecological divergence of ecotypes and independent parallel origin of alleles. The latter is just one possible mechanism explaining parallel evolution of ecotypes, host races, etc., but this distinction is mostly not made in the literature ( ...
Domains, Brains and Evolution
... (2) An information-processing mechanism (or set of such mechanisms) dedicated to producing established responses to a problem (or set of problems) routinely faced by the organism. (3) The output of an information-processing mechanism, where ‘output’ is taken to mean not behaviour, but rather an info ...
... (2) An information-processing mechanism (or set of such mechanisms) dedicated to producing established responses to a problem (or set of problems) routinely faced by the organism. (3) The output of an information-processing mechanism, where ‘output’ is taken to mean not behaviour, but rather an info ...
Evolution, Science, and Society: Evolutionary Biology
... of different lineages from common ancestors. Thus, the history of evolution has two major components: the branching of lineages, and changes within lineages (including extinction). Initially similar species become ever more different, so that over the course of sufficient time, they may come to diff ...
... of different lineages from common ancestors. Thus, the history of evolution has two major components: the branching of lineages, and changes within lineages (including extinction). Initially similar species become ever more different, so that over the course of sufficient time, they may come to diff ...
UN1001 Discussion Questions
... evolution proved to be true before it became generally accepted? If not, how did it come to be regarded as a fact? 9/16/03: Futuyma, chapter 4 1. What is Futuyma’s main purpose in chapter 4? How does it fit in with the overall purpose of the book? 2. Futuyma argues that if scientists rejected the pr ...
... evolution proved to be true before it became generally accepted? If not, how did it come to be regarded as a fact? 9/16/03: Futuyma, chapter 4 1. What is Futuyma’s main purpose in chapter 4? How does it fit in with the overall purpose of the book? 2. Futuyma argues that if scientists rejected the pr ...
Bird Beak Buffet! - Iditarod Area School District – Theme
... and responses to those misconceptions. 11. Finally, return to the discussion you used to open this activity – what human traits might help someone be more successful – and revisit those issues in the light of what your students now know about natural selection and evolution. In particular, you can d ...
... and responses to those misconceptions. 11. Finally, return to the discussion you used to open this activity – what human traits might help someone be more successful – and revisit those issues in the light of what your students now know about natural selection and evolution. In particular, you can d ...
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Darwin and Evolutionary Thought
... a graduate of the University of Cambridge, the home two hundred years previously of the great Isaac Newton. Again and again Darwin’s mentors stressed that Newton’s overriding achievement was to provide causal understanding of the major advances in physics in the Scientific Revolution. Kant, in his C ...
... a graduate of the University of Cambridge, the home two hundred years previously of the great Isaac Newton. Again and again Darwin’s mentors stressed that Newton’s overriding achievement was to provide causal understanding of the major advances in physics in the Scientific Revolution. Kant, in his C ...
Neutral Evolution and Aesthetics
... activity that synthesizes already existing elements according to known laws. This would correspond to the aspect of directionality. However, if a work of art were completely directional it would be too predictable. Art must also involve essentially unpredictable activity that while conforming to mec ...
... activity that synthesizes already existing elements according to known laws. This would correspond to the aspect of directionality. However, if a work of art were completely directional it would be too predictable. Art must also involve essentially unpredictable activity that while conforming to mec ...
Word - Colorado Department of Education
... This unit was created with the intention of following the Geologic Time unit. Teachers could expand this unit to include more information on genetics. Teachers need to consider the political context within their district and possibly use the words “Descent with Modification” or “Change over Time” ...
... This unit was created with the intention of following the Geologic Time unit. Teachers could expand this unit to include more information on genetics. Teachers need to consider the political context within their district and possibly use the words “Descent with Modification” or “Change over Time” ...
Adaptations of Life Over Time - Colorado Department of Education
... Planet Toto: This planet is dark and cold most of the time. It is very mountainous, it rains almost all day, and because of the wet, dark conditions, the only plants that grow well are small mosses and fungi. Animals on this planet include a type of mouse, a nocturnal hunting large cat, fish, and a ...
... Planet Toto: This planet is dark and cold most of the time. It is very mountainous, it rains almost all day, and because of the wet, dark conditions, the only plants that grow well are small mosses and fungi. Animals on this planet include a type of mouse, a nocturnal hunting large cat, fish, and a ...
SURFACE: detecting convergent evolution from comparative data by
... clade’s evolutionary history (k), a distinction that becomes important during the second phase of the analysis. The performance of each candidate model i is quantified as ΔAICc(i) = AICc(i) AICc, the difference between that model’s AICc and the AICc of the model from the previous iteration. Because ...
... clade’s evolutionary history (k), a distinction that becomes important during the second phase of the analysis. The performance of each candidate model i is quantified as ΔAICc(i) = AICc(i) AICc, the difference between that model’s AICc and the AICc of the model from the previous iteration. Because ...
Slide 1
... state to require that teaching and learning must be tailored to the principles or prohibitions of any religious sect or dogma... – The state has no legitimate interest in protecting any or all religions from views distasteful to them. ...
... state to require that teaching and learning must be tailored to the principles or prohibitions of any religious sect or dogma... – The state has no legitimate interest in protecting any or all religions from views distasteful to them. ...
Live Where You Thrive: Joint Evolution of Habitat Choice and Local
... Note: While most of the 72 models listed in the table adopt a focus on the population ecology and evolutionary ecology of specialization, a few representative models based on community ecology have also been included. The classification below is based on five characteristic dimensions of model diffe ...
... Note: While most of the 72 models listed in the table adopt a focus on the population ecology and evolutionary ecology of specialization, a few representative models based on community ecology have also been included. The classification below is based on five characteristic dimensions of model diffe ...
02_whole - Massey Research Online
... RELIGIOUS REACTION AND THEOLOGICAL LANGUAGE IN THE SECOND EDITION OF SPECIES ...
... RELIGIOUS REACTION AND THEOLOGICAL LANGUAGE IN THE SECOND EDITION OF SPECIES ...
... Here, sweet lethargy halts experience; all questions are stilled in a vast Weltanschauung; all difficulties are resolved through a general view of the world, simply by referring to a general principle of nature.” In addition, Bachelard contends that: “It is also often said that science craves unity, ...
Catholic Church and evolution
Since the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species in 1859, the attitude of the Catholic Church on the theory of evolution has slowly been refined. Early contributions to the development of evolutionary theory were made by Catholic scientists such as Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and the Augustinian monk Gregor Mendel. For nearly a century, the papacy offered no authoritative pronouncement on Darwin's theories. In the 1950 encyclical Humani generis, Pope Pius XII confirmed that there is no intrinsic conflict between Christianity and the theory of evolution, provided that Christians believe that the individual soul is a direct creation by God and not the product of purely material forces. Today, the Church supports theistic evolution(ism), also known as evolutionary creation, although Catholics are free not to believe in any part of evolutionary theory.The Catholic Church holds no official position on the theory of creation or evolution, leaving the specifics of either theistic evolution or literal creationism to the individual within certain parameters established by the Church. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, any believer may accept either literal or special creation within the period of an actual six day, twenty-four hour period, or they may accept the belief that the earth evolved over time under the guidance of God. Catholicism holds that God initiated and continued the process of his evolutionary creation, that Adam and Eve were real people (the Church rejects polygenism) and affirms that all humans, whether specially created or evolved, have and have always had specially created souls for each individual.Catholic schools in the United States and other countries teach evolution as part of their science curriculum. They teach the fact that evolution occurs and the modern evolutionary synthesis, which is the scientific theory that explains how evolution proceeds. This is the same evolution curriculum that secular schools teach. Bishop Francis X. DiLorenzo of Richmond, chair of the Committee on Science and Human Values, wrote in a letter sent to all U.S. bishops in December 2004: ""... Catholic schools should continue teaching evolution as a scientific theory backed by convincing evidence. At the same time, Catholic parents whose children are in public schools should ensure that their children are also receiving appropriate catechesis at home and in the parish on God as Creator. Students should be able to leave their biology classes, and their courses in religious instruction, with an integrated understanding of the means God chose to make us who we are.""