Download Biology Pre-Learning Check

Ch 16, 19.1 & 19.3 History of
life and Evolution
ES-C3. Explain how geologic time can be estimated by multiple methods (e.g., rock sequences, fossil correlation
and radiometric dating).
ES-C4. Describe how organisms on Earth contributed to the dramatic change in oxygen content of Earth's early
atmosphere.
LS-E13. Explain that the variation of organisms within a species increases the likelihood that at least some
members of a species will survive under gradually changing environmental conditions.
LS-H21. Explain that natural selection provides the following mechanism for evolution; undirected variation in
inherited characteristics exist within every species. These characteristics may give individuals an
advantage or disadvantage compared to others in surviving and reproducing. The advantaged offspring
are more likely to survive and reproduce. Therefore, the proportion of individuals that have
advantageous characteristics will increase. When an environment changes, the survival value of some
inherited characteristics may change.
LS-H22. Describe historical scientific developments that occurred in evolutionary thought (e.g., Lamarck and
Darwin, Mendelian Genetics and modern synthesis).
LS-I25. Explain that life on Earth is thought to have begun as simple, one celled organisms approximately 4
billion years ago. During most of the history of Earth only single celled microorganisms existed, but once
cells with nuclei developed about a billion years ago, increasingly complex multicellular organisms
evolved.
We will be studying many topics related to life on Earth:
o Definition of Theory and Law, what they are/do/mean
o the origin of the Earth, Earth’s history and how/when life first developed
on Earth
o historic ideas of life and how they were discounted experimentally
o historic ideas about evolution and how the modern theory came to be
o the four parts to the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
o evidence for the modern Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
In this unit, we will be looking at how we believe life formed on the Earth. We’ll then
look at different theories of how life changes with time. Part of that discussion will include
an understanding of what it means to be a scientific theory. Finally we’ll look at the
currently accepted scientific theory for Evolution by Natural Selection. We will be focusing
our studies only on scientific explanations; those that can be disproven using scientific
methodology.
At the end of the unit, you will have a mixed format (multiple choice, short answer,
diagrams…) test over the material.
Pages in the book: 16.1 - 16.4: 450 – 473
Vocab. cards due: Tuesday, Feb. 16
Vocab/bookquiz: Thursday, Feb. 18
19.1 538-541
19.3: 553-558
Ch 16, 19.1 & 19.3 Vocab
+ if you’re an expert (can explain to someone else)
 if you’ve heard of it (and know a little)
0 if you’ve never heard of it
_____ Darwin*
_____
_____ evolution
_____
_____ Hutton*
_____
_____ Lyell*
_____
_____ Lamarck*
_____
_____ gradualism
_____
_____ uniformitarianism
_____
_____ acquired characteristics
_____
_____ artificial selection
_____
_____ struggle for existence
_____
_____ adaptation
_____
_____ fitness
_____
_____ survival of the fittest
_____
_____ survival
_____
_____ natural selection
_____
_____ descent with modification
_____
_____ biogeography
_____
_____ homologous structures
_____
_____ analogous structures
_____
_____ vestigial structures
_____
_____ embryology
_____
_____ transition species
_____
_____ relative dating
_____
_____ radiometric dating
_____
_____ half-life
_____
_____ Miller & Urey*
_____
_____ endosymbiosis
_____
* for these scientists, describe their findings/experiments/thoughts
Learning Targets/ Skills:
_____ Summarize observations made by Darwin (3 Patterns of Biodiversity) (ch. 16.1)
_____ Summarize Hutton’s and Lyell’s contributions to Science (ch. 16.2)
_____ Summarize Lamarck’s hypothesis and why it is no longer accepted (ch. 16.2)
_____ Describe/exemplify artificial selection (ch. 16.2)
_____ Explain the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, i.e. what are the four parts
to it. (ch 16.3)
_____ Use an example to illustrate the four parts of the Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection (ch 16.3)
_____ Provided evidence for the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection (ch 16.4)
_____ Differentiate between relative and absolute dating as ways of determining age (ch 19.1)
_____ Summarize theories of how the Earth formed (ch 19.3)
_____ Summarize theories of how life formed on the Earth, including conditions on early
Earth that lead to life (ch 19.3)
_____ Describe experimental evidence to support theories of how life formed on Earth (ch 19.3)
_____ Describe how we believe eukaryotic cells formed (ch 19.3)
_____ Describe the effect of living organisms on the Earth’s primitive atmosphere (ch 19.3)