Download File - Justin Daigle, MA, BCBA, LBA

Justin Daigle, MA, BCBA, LBA
Clinical Director
The History of the World:
Part 2
Step 1: The Nobel Prize
• Russian Scientist that won Nobel Prize in science is to
blame for ABA!
• While studing the digestive process, he noticed something
odd.
• Pavlov discovered what is now called « Classical
Conditioning »
• Notice there is no consequence
S
R
Stimulus
Response
Step 2: Laying Down the Law
• E.L. Thorndike used Pavlovian principles to
created what is now called The Law of Effect .
• It was first published in 1905
• Discovered this effect by putting a cat in a
puzzle box and observing the cat’s behavior.
Step 2: Laying Down the Law
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vk6H7Ukp6T
o
• Thorndike - Law of Effect
• Now we have a consequence and the beginning
of a Skinner Box
Step 3: Skinner
• BF Skinner took what Thorndike created
and decided to take it a step futhur.
• Instead of cats and puzzle boxes, Skinner
used rats and Skinner boxes.
• Coined the terms like reinforcement and
punishment
• Started thinking about how these
prinicples could be applied
Step 3: Skinner
• (According to Justin)
• Skinner’s two biggest contributions
– Shaping by Succesive Approximations
– Function
S
Stimulus
A
Antecedent
R
Response
P
Postcedant
B
C
Behavior
Consequence
Step 4: Skinner Ain’t Alone
• Skinner was a great PR person for his theory of
Behaviorism and what has been called Radical
• But R.J. Herrnstein was also working off of Thorndike’s Law
of Effect
• Herrnstein discovered what is now called the Matching Law
• Matching Law is complicated, but I will attempt to explain
• Matching Law leads to Differential Reinforcement
Step 4: Skinner Ain’t Alone
• Skinner helped to define Applied Behavior
Analysis
• Herrnstein helped to define the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior
• JABA and JAEB (the twin journals of Behavior
Analysis)
Step 5: Lovaas
• O. Ivar Lovaas had an idea! What if we
take we learned from:
–
–
–
–
Pavlov
Skinner
Thorndike
Herrnstein
• What if we applied it to individuals with
Autism and other Develpmental Delays?
Step 5: Lovaas
• Now that you’ve read Lovaas’s
landmark study, let’s talk about his
contribution
Summary
• Skinner gets a lot of credit, though
he is only one of a long line
reseraches
• Many put the official date of origin
at 1913 – the year Watson published
Psychology as the Behaviorist Views
It. (Required reading in Intern 2)
Summary
• As we move forward, a fluency is
expected in the use of some
common terms such as stimuli,
antecedent, postcedent, function,
topography, response, & behavior.
• Knowing the background helps.
Next Week
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Deadly Verbal Behavior Lecture
Most hated and most loved
Long, complex.
Bring advil, bring snacks
A live tiger will be released mid-way
to ensure you are alert
Next Week (if you guys want)
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Rachel – Cupcakes
Ashley –
Grayson –
Justin –