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Name:_____________________ Date of Quiz:______ Carbon and Macromolecules Review Vocabulary: Please define these on a separate piece of paper. Look these up on your own! Protein Monomer Synthesis Catalyst Carbohydrate Polymer Lipid Nucleic Acid Organic Compound Dehydration Enzyme What are the four classes of Macromolecules? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Draw the basic shape of each macromolecule. You can find these on the door to 338. Lipid - Carbohydrate - Protein - Nucleic Acid - What are the monomers of each macromolecule? Lipid – fatty acid Carbohydrate - monosaccharide Protein – amino acid 1 Nucleic Acid – nucleotide Give one function for each macromolecule. Lipid – storage of long term energy Carbohydrate – short term energy supply Protein – act as an enzyme to speed up chemical reactions Nucleic Acid – hereditary information- passed from parents to offspring Give at least two examples of each macromolecule. Lipid – butter, membrane Carbohydrate – glucose, starch Protein – catalase, muscle Nucleic Acid – DNA, RNA What do the prefixes, Mono, Di and Poly mean? Mono - one Di - two Poly – three or more What types of bonds, and specific names if applicable, hold these molecules together? 2 Protein- peptide bonds (type of covalent bond) Polysaccharide- covalent bond DNA or RNA- covalent bond Triglyceride- covalent bond Lab Results/Activities: When testing for monosaccharides, a positive test results in the Benedicts test turning what color? orange What solution is used in a polysaccharide test? iodine If you have Benedicts and Iodine, how can you test for a disaccharide? Negative result for both iodine and benedicts Briefly explain how a polysaccharide is made from a monosaccharide. (the paper lab) Many monosaccharides are bonded together When you built the DNA molecule, what was the backbone of the molecule made of? What parts of the nucleotide faced in to connect the two strands? Backbone: sugar and phosphate, nitrogen bases face in to connect the two strands What do you think the soap did for the strawberry DNA extraction? Think about what a cell is made up of and what soap does well in the kitchen… Broke apart the phospholipid bilayer- made of fats- soap breaks apart fats. What is an example of a food that might have trans fats in it? Why is there a proposed ban on all trans fats? What is a trans fat? 3 Microwave popcorn. Trans fats are unsaturated fats that are chemically saturated in a lab. They have been shown to clog arteries and lead to heart attacks and strokes. Review how to read a nutrition label. What is an enzyme? Relate the terms enzyme and catalyst to one another. An enzyme is a protein that can speed up a chemical reaction. An enzyme is an example of a catalyst. 4