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Transcript
Review for Test on Evolution Key Terms: (These Theory Evolution Natural Selection Artificial Selection Sexual Selection Adaptation Mutation are some of the terms Gene Pool Gene Flow Genetic Equilibrium Genetic Bottleneck Genetic Drift Founder Effect Reproductive Isolation we covered in this unit.) Speciation Allopatric Speciation Sympatric Speciation Adaptive Radiation Convergent Evolution Divergent Evolution Co Evolution You should know/be able to … 1. The key factors that affect the evolutionary process (ex genetic mutations, selective pressure, environment). 2. Explain the theory of evolution is and the mechanisms that drive the process of biological change over time. 3. Explain the processes of adaptation of organisms to their environment (ex beneficial adaptations allow an organism to survive and are passed on to the next generation) 4. What speciation means. Define the term and explain the processes by which new species are formed. 5. Describe some evolutionary mechanisms – both selective and by chance (ex natural selection, artificial selection, sexual selection, genetic variation, genetic drift, genetic bottleneck, founder effect) 6. Describe the contributions of James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Jean-Baptiste Lamark, Thomas Malthus and Charles Darwin to the theory of evolution. Sample Short Answer Questions: 1. Explain the difference between a hypothesis and a theory. 2. Provide a piece of evidence that suggests that whales and humans evolved from a common ancestor. 3. Complete the table to show the contributions of each scientist to the theory of evolution Scientists Contribution James Hutton Charles Lyell Jean-Baptiste Lamark Thomas Malthus Charles Darwin 4. Compare and contrast genetic bottleneck and founder effect using an example from class. 5. Illustrate the process of genetic drift using an example of a circumstance in which it occurs. 6. How does allopatric speciation prevent a beneficial mutation arising in one population from being shared with another population? 7. Explain how Darwin’s finches are a good example of adaptive radiation and divergent evolution.