Download MI Semester Two Study Guide - Kenwood Academy High School

MI Second Semester Final Exam (Unit 1-4) Study Guide—MC Exam on Wed 6.15.16 (60 MC) & SA on Thurs 6.16.16 (4 SA)—10% Grade
Unit 1—8 MC
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What is a MI? What are the main categories of interventions that function to maintain human health? (1 MC)
What is the goal of PCR? What are the steps involved in PCR? (1 MC)
Calculate TD, FD, serial dilutions, dilutions, and the concentrations of diluent samples and stock solutions? (1 MC, SA)
How are gram-positive bacteria different from gram-negative bacteria? (1 MC)
What is a zone of inhibition test? What does the test show? How can you tell if a bacterium is antibiotic resistant? (1 MC)
Diagnose a patient with the appropriate type of hearing loss and suggest a medication intervention. (1 MC)
What is attack rate? How is it calculated? What conclusions can be made given attack rates? (1 MC)
What is recombinant DNA technology? How does this relate to plasmids, ligase, restriction enzymes, vectors, bacterial cells, and
genetic engineering? (1 MC)
Unit 2—6 MC
 What is a karyotype? What can be learned by examining a karyotype? What kind of genetic disorder is shown?(1 MC)
 What is a pedigree? How do you read and create a pedigree? Why are they used? What kind of genetic disorder is shown?( (1 MC)
 Why are Punnett Squares useful? How do you read them and determine genotypic probabilities? (1 MC)
 How is gel electrophoresis performed? Which bands are longer? Where are bands located? How much DNA is present? How do you
read a gel to learn genotype and phenotype? Why are DNA standards used in gel electrophoresis? (1 MC, SA)
 What is gene cloning? Therapeutic? Reproductive? How is each cloning process performed? What are examples of each process?
When is each processed used? (1 MC)
 What is a vector? What are the six vectors used in gene therapy? When is each one used? (1 MC)
Unit 3—17 MC
 How do bone scans, CT scans, MRIs, and X rays work? Differentiate the four types of diagnostic imaging (1 MC)
 How can cancerous cells be microscopically differentiated from normal cells? (1 MC)
 What do the results of a microarray indicate? How are the gene expression ratios interpreted? (1 MC)
 How are the Log2 values interpreted? How do the Log2 values relate to the gene expression ratios from the microarray? (1 MC)
 Categorize items as an environmental risk? Behavior risk? Biological risk? And genetic risk? Which risks are modifiable? (1 MC)
 What is melanoma? basal cell carcinoma? squamous cell carcinoma? How does each form? How can it be diagnosed? (1 MC)
 Determine the IV, DV, constants, and control group within an experiment. Analyze the experimental results. (1 MC)
 How can sporadic, hereditary, and genetic cancers be differentiated? What are examples of each type of cancer? (1 MC)
 How is marker analysis performed? What do the results indicate? How is the Rf and RFLP length determined? What are short tandem
repeats? How do they relate to marker analysis and gel electrophoresis? (1 MC, SA)
 Which type of cancer do HPV, EBV, HBV, and HCV cause? How can each viral infection be treated and prevented? (1 MC)
 How are radiation therapy and chemotherapy similar? Different? When is each method used? (1 MC)
 What is biofeedback therapy? When is biofeedback therapy used? Analyze graphs/tables to draw appropriate conclusions. (1 MC)
 How does the role of a physical therapist differ from an occupational therapist? Is the patient’s PT and OT goal appropriate? (1 MC)
 What is pharmacogenetics? How does this relate to SNPs and haplotypes? (1 MC)
 Differentiate clinical trials methodologies. Which methodology is described? Which phase is the trial in?
 What is nanotechnology? What are examples & benefits of nanotechnology? How can cancer be treated with nanotechnology? (1 MC)
Unit 4—24 MC
 How does insulin relate to blood glucose levels? How does insulin relate to diabetes? (1 MC)
 What are bacterial plasmids? What are recombinant DNA plasmids? How can these be used produce proteins such as insulin? (1 MC)
 What are the steps involved in bacterial chemical transformation? (1 MC)
 Analyze the results of a transformation experiment. (1 MC)
 Calculate transformation efficiency. (1 MC)
 What is primary protein structure? Secondary? Tertiary? Quaternary? (1 MC)
 What is HIC? How is HIC performed? How does this relate to protein structure and protein purification? (1 MC)
 What is SDS-PAGE? How is it performed? Why is it used? (1 MC)
 How does protein electrophoresis differ from DNA electrophoresis? (1 MC)
 How can End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) be diagnosed? What are complications of ESRD? (1 MC)
 What is dialysis? Differentiate between the procedure, benefits, and complications of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis? (1 MC)
 What is the anatomy of the urinary system? What is the anatomy of a nephron? (1 MC)
 Determine who should get an organ based on the scenario presented. What are the rules enforced by NOTA and OPTN? (1 MC)
 What are the blood types? Which antigens does each person have? Which antibodies? What is the corresponding genotype? (1 MC)
 Analyze the pedigree/Punnett square provided to determine a person’s blood type and genotype? (1 MC)
 Determine a patient’s HLA match. What is a child’s HLA haplotype given the parent’s HLA haplotype? (1 MC)
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How is PRA calculated? Can a person with a high PRA get a transplant? Why or why not? (1 MC)
Differentiate between kidney and heart transplantation. (1 MC)
How are anesthesiologists, oncologists, perioperative nurses, and surgeons involved in transplants? (1 MC)
Why are immunosuppressive medications prescribed? Why are they needed? Which one should be prescribed?
How does blood flow through the heart? (1 MC)
How can you tell a person has congestive heart failure? Differentiate between interventions used for congestive heart failure? (1 MC)
Which organs/tissues can be donated from a living donor? Deceased donor? (1 MC)
What is tissue engineering? What is xenotransplantation? Differentiate between these interventions. (1 MC)
College Readiness Standards (5 CRS, Plasmid Experiment Interpretation)
Short Answer – Taken on Thursday June 16th
 Given the information provided in a serial dilution word problem, calculate TD, FD, and the concentrations of diluent samples and
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stock solutions.
How do you read a gel to learn genotype and phenotype? Which bands are longer? Where are bands located? How long is the band?
Explain what marker analysis results indicate. Calculate Rf values. Determine RFLP length. Analyze marker analysis results. Which
clinical trial do you think the patients should consider. Why?
Based on the blood typing, HLA typing, PRA, and crossmatch results provided. Should the candidate get an organ transplant? Why or
why not? Who is the best donor for the person? Explain your reasoning.
FINAL IS 10% OF YOUR SEMESTER GRADE
(55 CONTENT MC—1.25 PTS EACH (68.75 PTS), 5 CRS MC —1 PT EACH (5 PTS), FOUR SHORT ANSWER— 26.25 PTS)
Name: ________________________________
Date: ____________________Period: ______
Unit 4 Final Review Guide: 6.25 points Extra Credit on Test—Due Friday 6.10.16
1.
How does insulin relate to blood glucose levels? How does insulin relate to diabetes?
2.
How is DNA isolated?
3.
How are recombinant DNA plasmids formed?
4.
What are the steps involved in bacterial chemical transformation?
5.
What is HIC? How is HIC performed? How does this relate to protein structure and protein purification?
6.
How is transformation efficiency calculated?
7.
Using the technique of column chromatography or HIC, how could you isolate a mildly hydrophobic protein?
8.
How does protein electrophoresis differ from DNA electrophoresis?
9.
What is End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)? How is it diagnosed? How is it treated?
10. What is the purpose of dialysis? What are the pros and cons of hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplant?
Jane Doe is in the hospital after a car crash. She needs blood and a kidney transplant. Jane’s brother Tom, sister Mary, mother
Harriett, and Grandpa Ed (her mom’s father) are local and are willing to be tested. Jane’s other sister Sue is away at college, but she
has Type O blood. Jane’s father, John and Grandmother Mona (her mom’s mother) have passed away.
11. Determine the blood type and genotype of the following people.
Blood
Agglutination Anti-A Agglutination Anti-B Agglutination Anti-Rh
Sample
Antibody (+/-)
Antibody (+/-)
Antibody (+/-)
Jane
+
+
Mary
+
+
+
Tom
+
Harriett
+
Ed
13. Draw a pedigree for the family.
Blood Type
include genotypes
12. Create a Punnett
square for Mona, Harriett
and Ed.
14. Who is the best organ donor for Jane? _________ Explain your answer______________________________________________.
15. Jose, a 41-year-old foster parent and volunteer fire fighter, has been on the waiting list for three years. Jose lives 2 hours away
from the donor kidney. Tao, a 33-year-old single business woman, has been on the waiting list for four years. Tao lives 3 hours
away from the donor kidney. An OPO has identified a kidney matching both Jose and Tao. Who gets the kidney? Why?
16. What does PRA and Crossmatch affect a patient’s transplant standing?
17. Create a Venn Diagram comparing heart and kidney transplants.
18. Overall, how does blood flow in the body?
19. Which organs/tissue can be transplanted? Which organs/tissues can regenerate?
20. What is xenotransplntation? What is one big con of xenotransplantation? Why?
21. What is tissue engineering? What is required to make an ear?