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Download PHY-ZS-004 Electromagnetic Induction
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PHY-AP -11 Magnetism By Squadron Leader Zahid Mir CS&IT Department , Superior University Magnets • Magnets have been known for centuries. • The Chinese and Greeks knew about the “magical” properties of magnets. • The ancient Greeks used a stone substance called “magnetite” (an oxide of iron). They discovered that the stone always pointed in the same direction. Later, stones of magnetite called “lodestones” were used in navigation. • William Gilbert, an English physician, first proposed in 1600 that the earth itself is a magnet, and he predicted that the Earth would be found to have magnetic poles. What is Magnetism? • Magnetism is the force of attraction or repulsion of a magnetic material due to the arrangement of its atoms, particularly its electrons. Magnetic Needle • A magnetized steel rod that, when adjusted to swing in a horizontal plane, indicates the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field. • The “RED” end always point towards the geographical north, also known as “North-Seeking Pole” Magnetic Interactions • One magnet set up a magnetic field and the other magnet respond to that magnetic field. Magnet Field Magnet Magnetic Field of a Bar Magnet Magnetism First Law Like poles repel each other while unlike poles attract each other. Magnetic fields due to Current • Compass needle indicates the direction of magnetic field around a current carrying wire. • Magnetic field vanishes when current is switched off. This shows a direct link between electricity and magnetism