Download Written submissions received for the Adapting to Climate Change in

Consultation Report:
Adapting to Climate
Change in Tasmania
Tasmanian Climate Change Office
Department of Premier and Cabinet
June 2013
Department of Premier and Cabinet – Tasmanian Climate Change Office
TRIM REF: 13/18171
CONSULTATION REPORT:
ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN TASMANIA
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................. 4
1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 8
1.1 ABOUT THIS REPORT ............................................................................................................. 8
1.2 THE CONSULTATION PROCESS ......................................................................................... 9
2. HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND INFRASTRUCTURE .................... 11
2.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS ......................................................................... 11
2.2 OPPORTUNITIES ....................................................................................................................13
2.3 BARRIERS .................................................................................................................................14
2.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ............................................................15
3. NATURAL SYSTEMS .......................................................................... 18
3.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS .........................................................................18
3.2 OPPORTUNITIES ....................................................................................................................19
3.3 BARRIERS .................................................................................................................................19
3.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ............................................................19
4. WATER MANAGEMENT .................................................................... 21
4.1 ISSUES RAISED BY STAKEHOLDERS .................................................................................21
4.2 OPPORTUNITIES................................................................................................................... 22
4.3 BARRIERS ................................................................................................................................ 23
4.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................... 24
5. INDUSTRY SECTORS .......................................................................... 26
5.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................ 26
5.2 OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................................................................... 26
5.3 BARRIERS ................................................................................................................................ 27
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5.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................... 28
6. NATURAL DISASTERS ........................................................................ 30
6.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................ 30
6.2 OPPORTUNITIES ....................................................................................................................31
6.3 BARRIERS ................................................................................................................................ 32
6.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................... 32
7. HUMAN HEALTH AND VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES ........... 35
7.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................ 35
7.2 OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................................................................... 37
7.3 BARRIERS ................................................................................................................................ 37
7.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS............................................................ 38
8. OVERARCHING THEMES .................................................................. 39
9. NEXT STEPS...........................................................................................42
ATTACHMENT 1 .......................................................................................43
WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS RECEIVED FOR THE ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN
TASMANIA ISSUES PAPER ........................................................................................................ 43
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Executive Summary
The Tasmanian Climate Change Office (TCCO) within the Department of Premier
and Cabinet will be releasing a 2020 Climate Change Strategy (the Strategy) in late
2013. To inform adaptation responses for inclusion in the Strategy, community
consultation was undertaken by the TCCO in late 2012. The consultation focussed on
six priority areas: human settlements and infrastructure; natural systems; water
management; industry sectors; natural disasters; and human health and vulnerable
communities. The consultation included the public release of an Issues Paper
seeking written submissions, and a series of targeted roundtables.
This report summarises the outcomes of the consultation, including the key issues,
opportunities and barriers that stakeholders see Tasmania facing in adapting to a
changing climate. It also outlines a series of responses that stakeholders suggested
that the Tasmanian Government may choose to consider when developing the
Strategy.
The consultation indicated that the greatest climate change impacts on human
settlements and infrastructure are likely to occur in coastal areas. Coastal
communities have different capacities to adapt to these impacts. Local government
is concerned about its ability to undertake adaptation responses in these
communities due to liability issues. There is also concern about the ability of key
public infrastructure to cope with climate change impacts.
Stakeholders emphasised the need to review and update current coastal policies
and guidelines, or develop an alternative framework to consider coastal protection
and planning matters that takes account of climate change risks and opportunities.
Furthermore, it was suggested that the Tasmanian Government may need to
address liability issues for local government. Greater strategic direction and an
integrated risk management plan were seen as requirements to reduce impacts on
critical public infrastructure.
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Natural systems in Tasmania were regarded as being particularly vulnerable to
climate change impacts. It was noted that relevant policy at all levels of government
should consider these impacts and focus on the common goal of reducing the
vulnerability and increasing the resilience of terrestrial, freshwater and marine
systems. Protecting natural systems would provide Tasmania with a significant
opportunity to capture and store carbon. To minimise impacts on natural systems, it
was indicated that there should be an ongoing commitment to human and financial
resources for data and modelling of changes and risks to systems, and for
undertaking vulnerability assessments.
A changing climate is likely to impact on the distribution and availability of
Tasmania’s water resources, therefore impacting on water users, particularly during
dry periods. Further impacts are anticipated from climate change impacts such as
seasonal rainfall variations, an increase in severe rain and flash flooding events and
an increase in evaporation from open waters and soils. A lack of financial resources
to invest in critical infrastructure, and a general resistance to change water
management practices by water users were seen as barriers to adaptation in this
area.
There may be economic opportunities for Tasmania from water trading and export,
and from industry investment to capitalise on water supply. To take advantage of
these opportunities, it was suggested that there should not be any significant
restrictions on water trading and export, and that the Tasmanian Government
should continue to support Tasmanian Irrigation Pty Ltd in its bid for funding from
Infrastructure Australia for key irrigation projects.
Industry sectors in Tasmania are seen to be at varied levels of awareness about
climate change and preparedness to act. Despite evident changes in climate
conditions, it was suggested by stakeholders that many industry representatives are
unwilling to attribute this to climate change. Key concerns raised by industry sectors
relate to changes in water availability, and ensuring that the land-use planning
system will not restrict them from adapting. A lack of financial resources and a
volatile global economy are seen as key barriers to adaptation.
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Stakeholders indicated that adaptation responses in the industry sector must be
industry-led. Industries have opportunities to adapt by investing in higher value
crops and new technologies to help drive market demand. Tasmania has the
opportunity to market itself as a leader in innovative industries, and as a place
where people and businesses want to invest.
There is concern about projected increases in climate-related natural disasters in
Tasmania. Stakeholders indicated that the broader community is not clear who is
responsible for natural disaster risk management and what can be done by various
parties to minimise the associated risks. It was suggested that all levels of
government continue to work together to educate the community about expected
risks and the roles and responsibilities of government and other parties to manage
these risks. Stakeholders also emphasised that the land-use planning system may
need to be modified to enable it to deal with natural hazards effectively. Any
modifications made should be clearly communicated to the broader community.
Stakeholders indicated that Tasmania’s health system is likely to be placed under
increased strain in the future as a result of climate change. There may be a need to
deal with increased incidents of climate change related health problems, particularly
from vulnerable members of the community, and a potential inflow of climate
migrants and refugees. Key social infrastructure, facilities and services may also be
placed under increased strain as a result. Stakeholders recommended that health
and population related strategies in Tasmania should consider a future climate
change. Guidelines could also be developed to enable public and private low
income housing to more readily take account of a future climate.
A number of overarching themes were evident throughout the consultation process.
These are detailed in Section 8: Overarching Themes and can be summarised as:
Climate change adaptation should be embedded in risk management
frameworks and practices;
Collection, provision and communication of climate change
information are key roles for the Tasmanian Government;
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There is a lack of understanding of climate change risks, and that
responding to these risks is a shared responsibility; and
Climate change adaptation should be considered as part of the
Tasmanian Government’s broader policy and strategic frameworks.
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1. Introduction
1.1 ABOUT THIS REPORT
The Tasmanian Climate Change Office (TCCO) within the Department of Premier
and Cabinet is preparing a 2020 Climate Change Strategy (the Strategy) to detail the
Tasmanian Government’s approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and
adapting to our changing climate.
To inform the development of adaptation responses for the Strategy, the
Adaptation Unit in the TCCO has been consulting with business, industry, the
community and across Government to seek their input and ideas on how Tasmania
can best adapt to the impacts of climate change1.
In the latter half of 2012, the following stakeholder consultation was undertaken:
The collaborative development, and subsequent public release of an
issues paper - Adapting to Climate Change in Tasmania2 - which
requested written feedback; and
A series of small, targeted roundtables to engage directly with key
stakeholders.
This report summarises the key themes and suggested responses raised by
stakeholders during the consultation process. The Tasmanian Government will
consider these responses as appropriate when developing the Strategy.
The TCCO will be consulting with key stakeholders on proposed climate change mitigation
responses for inclusion in the Strategy over coming months.
2
Adapting to Climate Change in Tasmania Issues Paper, 2012
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/adapting/adapting_to_climate_change_in_tasma
nia
1
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1.2 THE CONSULTATION PROCESS
PHASE ONE – DEVELOPMENT AND RELEASE OF THE ISSUES PAPER
The Adapting to Climate Change in Tasmania Issues Paper (the Issues Paper) was
prepared by the TCCO in consultation with:
Tasmanian Government agencies; and
The Tasmanian Climate Action Council (TCAC) - an independent
advisory body to the Tasmanian Government.
The Issues Paper focussed on the roles and responsibilities of the Tasmanian
Government and six priority areas for adaptation response in Tasmania: The priority
areas discussed were:
Human settlements and infrastructure;
Natural systems;
Water management;
Industry sectors;
Natural disasters; and
Human health and vulnerable communities.
The Issues Paper was released for public comment on 1 October 2012 and closed on
16 November 2012.
There was a strong response to the Issues Paper with 39 written responses received.
Of these, two submissions were focused on emissions reduction and will be
considered through the climate change mitigation consultation process. The
remaining 37 submissions are drawn upon in this report. A full list of respondents is
included at Attachment 1.
Responses were received from a range of organisations and individuals. These
included: Tasmanian Government agencies, local councils, natural resource
management groups and environmental non-government organisations,
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consultancy firms, research and advisory organisations, the business sector, and
individual members of the community.
PHASE TWO – TARGETED CONSULTATION THROUGH ROUNDTABLES
A series of roundtables were held during late 2012 to discuss adaptation issues and
options for response. They focused on the six priority areas in the Issues Paper and
included around 60 representatives from a range of groups and sectors from across
Tasmania.
Topics discussed at each of the roundtables included:
Climate change issues and opportunities anticipated for Tasmania;
Appropriate roles and responsibilities for the Tasmanian Government
in adapting to climate change impacts;
Any potential barriers to implementing adaptation responses in
Tasmania; and
Identification of suggested adaptation responses.
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2. Human Settlements and
Infrastructure
2.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Consultation indicated that, in Tasmania, the greatest climate change related
impacts on human settlements and infrastructure are likely to occur in coastal areas.
Coastal inundation, erosion and storm surges are already impacting on human
settlements and infrastructure near the high water mark and climate change is likely
to exacerbate these impacts into the future. Stakeholders commented that
Tasmania’s State Coastal Policy (1996)3 does not adequately address climate change
and that Tasmania’s Coastal Risk Management Plan4 could also deal with climate
change impacts in a more effective way.
A number of local councils raised issues through written submissions about their
legal liability in the coastal zone. In Tasmania, like most other states and territories,
there is no specific legislated exemption from liability for local councils in relation to
the negative impacts arising from responding to coastal hazards. Local government
is less willing to respond to risks in coastal areas and to implement adaptive
responses, as they perceive they may be at significant risk of legal action5.
Several state and local government stakeholders explained that the broader
community appears to lack a general understanding about the risks facing
Tasmanian State Coastal Policy (1996)
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/91392/State_Coastal_Policy_1996.pdf
4
Tasmanian Coastal Risk Management Plan (2009)
http://www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au/inter/nsf/WebPages/KCRE-7PETZ6?open
5
In Tasmania, the Civil Liability Act (2002) provides that generally, a Council will not be liable for any
act or omission unless it can be shown that it was manifestly unreasonable. However, operation and
interpretation of this provision in relation to coastal hazards and climate change remains untested in
Tasmania.
3
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Tasmania’s coastline, and demonstrates a certain level of indifference towards
undertaking adaptive responses unless they are already dealing with current day
impacts.
Stakeholders suggested that Tasmania’s major publicly owned infrastructure assets
are likely to be at risk from a changing climate; but that this risk does not appear to
be addressed at a strategic level, nor is there any perceived proactive assessment of
the extent and possible impacts of these risks.
Publicly owned infrastructure is managed by individual Tasmanian Government
agencies and it is perceived that there is no integrated approach to risk
management of these assets.
Transport infrastructure is at risk from extreme heat, bushfires, coastal inundation
and erosion, and inland flooding. Recent extreme weather events in Tasmania have
demonstrated the risk posed to transport infrastructure such as roads, bridges and
railways. Communities are also at risk of being isolated due to damage to transport
infrastructure during extreme weather events, as evidenced during flooding events
on the East Coast in 2011.
Tasmania’s energy infrastructure may have some vulnerability to climate change
impacts. Increased rainfall and in-land flooding in some areas could impact
negatively on access to Tasmania’s hydro-electric assets due to the increased
potential for landslips or slope instabilities on road approaches around assets. Spill
characteristics (frequency and duration) for Hydro-electric dams may be
impacted. However, due to the inherent variability in existing hydrology, and
existing conservatism in design practice, the impact on dams and spillways is not
expected to be material.
Drier conditions in other areas could also pose a risk to energy and water
infrastructure. For example, bushfires could severely affect linear infrastructure such
as water pipelines, power lines, and electricity power stations. There is also a risk
that, as the ground becomes drier, movements could occur in the foundations that
may increase the susceptibility of soils to erosion.
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On-site wastewater treatment is another significant issue for stakeholders. In some
areas, septic tanks and wastewater treatment systems will become more frequently
inundated, resulting in more frequent escape of contaminants. Sewering and
holding tanks could be potential solutions, but both options carry considerable cost.
Privately owned infrastructure is also at risk because building standards and design
guidelines are perceived to be based on historical data, as opposed to future
climate projections. There is seen to be a limited understanding of what is needed
to make future buildings resilient to climate change impacts.
Warmer temperatures could result in dry-wood termites becoming established in
Tasmania, with the potential for significant impact upon both public and privately
owned assets. Timber buildings, bridges and support structures will be particularly
impacted as these assets have generally not been designed to resist the dry-wood
termite.
2.2 OPPORTUNITIES
Consultation indicated that future strategic planning for publicly owned transport,
energy and water infrastructure presents a significant opportunity for Tasmania.
Considering projected climate change impacts in strategic planning will work to
ensuring that infrastructure is fit for purpose for future conditions representing a
better return on investment for the Tasmanian Government.
Tasmania could move towards a more regional approach to infrastructure planning
that also takes account of local infrastructure considerations. Regional infrastructure
planning presents an opportunity for consistency in implementation of adaptation
responses. A regional approach should be supported by resources to implement
and review regional planning projects. Local Government cannot undertake
infrastructure planning in isolation, and the Tasmanian Government should provide
appropriate guidance and support.
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2.3 BARRIERS
Many of the barriers to adaptation responses that were identified through
consultation in this area relate to Tasmanian and local government leadership and
planning. There is a perceived lack of political leadership on climate change
adaptation from both levels of government. Stakeholders indicated that this has
resulted in the community not being aware of the roles and responsibilities at both
levels with regards to adaptation planning and responses.
There is a perceived inconsistency between Tasmanian Government agencies in
relation to human settlement and infrastructure policy and planning, which makes it
difficult for stakeholders to determine the best way to undertake adaptation
planning. A lack of consistent, state-wide land-use planning provisions to address
natural hazards and inconsistencies with how local councils consider development
proposals in vulnerable areas were also identified as barriers to considering and
implementing adaptation responses.
A degree of indifference towards climate change adaptation is perceived to exist in
the broader community. It is seen that this is mostly due to the community not
understanding the potential risks posed by climate change. It appears that the
community may not engage with adaptation messaging if they do not believe they
are at immediate risk of impact.
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2.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
A number of suggested responses were raised by stakeholders during the
consultation process to deal with coastal hazards in Tasmania. Sea level rise
planning allowances were introduced by the Tasmanian Government in October
2012.6 These allowances, as well as the coastal inundation maps that have been
developed by the State Government, were acknowledged as important steps in the
management of coastal areas. A review of the State Coastal Policy (1996) and
Coastal Risk Management Plan was identified as being required to ensure that
climate change impacts are considered and guidance is provided on how to
respond to climate change risks in coastal areas. From this review, a new coastal
planning and protection framework could be developed that takes account of these
matters.
With regards to new and existing settlements that are vulnerable to natural hazards,
a number of stakeholders supported placing land-use planning restrictions on new
developments in areas that are identified as vulnerable to particular hazards.
Dealing with existing settlements was acknowledged as being a contentious policy
area, but one that needs attention. Stakeholders indicated that different adaptation
options such as accommodation, protection and retreat may need to be pursued in
different areas. The Tasmanian Coastal Adaptation Decisions Pathway Project7 was
highlighted as a good example of engaging with existing settlements and
communities about hazard management and adaptation responses and that the
project’s approach could be adopted in other areas.
In October 2012, the Tasmanian Government established sea level rise planning allowances for 2050
and 2100. These allowances have been integrated into coastal inundation mapping that is now
available and will be integrated into coastal erosion mapping when it is released later in 2013. The
allowances and the coastal hazard mapping will be formally implemented through the Coastal
Protection and Planning Framework which is currently under development. Further information is
available at:
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/what_the_government_is_doing/new_tools_to_i
mprove_planning_for_sea_level_rise_and_coastal_hazards
7
Tasmanian Coastal Adaptation Decision Pathways Project,
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/adapting/_tasmanian_coastal_adaptation_decisi
on_pathways_project
6
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In considering of the legal liability issues raised by local government, it was
suggested that the Tasmanian Government could consider avenues for exemption
from liability for coastal hazards when detailed guidelines and rules are adhered to.
This is the case in New South Wales, where the Local Government Act (1993)
provides exemptions for liability for Local Government when responding to coastal,
in-land flooding and bushfire hazards8. In the absence of legislative protection, the
Tasmanian Government may consider other options, such as amendments to the
Land Use Planning and Approvals Act (1993)9 to provide councils with scope to place
conditions on developments.
Awareness programs which inform the community about the projected impacts to
the coast under a changing climate should be a priority. Stakeholders indicated that
leveraging off existing awareness programs such as Witness King Tides10, could be
an appropriate way to engage with the community. Providing the community with
access to data and information on their individual and/or community risk through a
publicly available website or mobile app could also be considered. There are a
number of existing networks and information delivery models available through
NGOs that the Tasmanian Government could utilise to extend awareness messaging.
To ensure effective and consistent development and management of Tasmania’s
publicly owned assets in the face of a changing climate; stakeholders indicated that
climate change could be a core element of any future state-wide infrastructure
strategies that are developed. Furthermore, adaptation could be considered as part
of the assessment criteria for procurement by the Tasmanian Government. A statewide infrastructure asset risk management plan could also be developed and
implemented consistently across Tasmanian Government agencies.
In terms of private infrastructure, it was suggested that the Tasmanian Government
could approach the Australian Building Codes Board to request that the Building
New South Wales Local Government Act (1993)
http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/lga1993182/s733.html
9
Tasmanian Land Use and Approvals Act (1993)
http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/consol_act/lupaaa1993296/
10
Green Cross Australia, Witness King Tides Project, http://www.witnesskingtides.org/
8
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Code of Australia regulations take account of projected climate change information
as opposed to historic data. Other building standards and guidelines could also be
reviewed to take account of projected climate information.
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3. Natural Systems
3.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Tasmania’s natural systems are already under significant stress; a situation that is
likely to be exacerbated by projected climate change impacts. Terrestrial biodiversity
is an extremely vulnerable area in relation to these projected impacts. Species and
communities will be directly affected by changes such as changing availability of
water, higher temperatures, and rising sea levels. These changes will occur in
addition to existing stressors on terrestrial systems such as habitat loss and the
incursion of invasive species.
Freshwater and marine natural systems are also vulnerable to a changing climate,
with both at significant risk from the introduction of new pests and diseases.
Changes in water quality and quantity, and a potential reduction in the amount of
suitable habitat available for aquatic species, will also impact on freshwater systems.
Marine systems will be impacted as oceans become more acidic (as a result of a
reduction in the natural absorption of carbon dioxide), and warming seas will lead to
a shift in species distribution, and a general decline in marine biodiversity.
Legislation and policies that relate to natural systems were highlighted as requiring
review and revision to reflect climate change projections. It was also indicated that,
where possible, management conservation policies and principles should be taken
into account when considering industry and development objectives.
Long-term monitoring data sets are reliable and important records of natural
system changes. A number of stakeholders perceived that the true value of these
data sets is not fully recognised and that, as a result, human and financial resourcing
to collect and maintain the data is in steady decline. The loss of skills and knowledge
in this area was identified by stakeholders as a key risk for Tasmania’s natural
systems.
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3.2 OPPORTUNITIES
Feedback from the consultation indicated that natural systems that are well adapted
to climate change will continue to provide economic benefits for Tasmania,
particularly in primary industries and the tourism sector. They will also provide
significant environmental benefits such as carbon capture and storage.
Opportunities were also identified for Tasmania to undertake early investment in
biodiverse landscape plantings to increase areas of native vegetation. This would
help to protect existing habitat, as well as potentially create new habitat. It also
provides further opportunities for carbon capture in Tasmania.
There may also be opportunities for the Tasmanian Government to work more
closely with groups such as Landcare and Coastcare to drive broader community
awareness and understanding about climate change impacts to natural systems.
3.3 BARRIERS
It was indicated that some private landowners may be reluctant to change their land
management practices and protect natural carbon resources. A lack of financial
resources and uncertainty about future market prices, debt levels and market
demands are likely to make private landowners less willing to invest in adaptation
responses. Some private landowners may also need to be provided with evidence
that there will be a sufficient return on investment to incentivise them to change
their management practices.
3.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
It was suggested that the Tasmanian Government should continue to undertake
climate change vulnerability and risk assessments for natural systems. This could
guide investment, planning and the facilitation of potential retreat pathways. It
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could also be important to improve the resilience and adaptive capacity of
ecosystems and individual species to existing and future stressors11.
Furthermore, stakeholders showed support for the Tasmanian Government
continuing to undertake climate change data collection, monitoring and
management, as this work was viewed as being critical to better understanding and
adapting to changes in natural systems. Specific needs in this area include:
Inventories that include physical location, reference sites and baseline
biological data;
Enhanced ecosystem mapping and modelling of potential impacts
from climate change, particularly in marine and terrestrial
environments;
A better understanding of refugia12 options in Tasmania;
An increased knowledge of geology and geomorphology to
determine vegetation distribution and geodiversity priorities ; and
Data on the potential impacts climate change presents for Tasmania’s
Wilderness World Heritage Area.
Existing data could be re-purposed for research into climate change impacts. For
example, re-interpretation of historic aerial photos could be utilised to determine
the trajectory and rate of change, especially for impacts associated with sea level
rise. Similarly, re-examining historical datasets and tools such as TASVEG13 may be
able to assist in developing solutions and adaptation options.
Some suggestions to build Tasmania’s adaptive capacity are contained in Gilfedder L, Macgregor
NA, , Bridle K, Carter O and Sprod D (2012), Implementing Adaptation to Climate Change in
Terrestrial and Freshwater Natural Environments in Tasmania,
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/Publications/CART-9233WE?open
12
Refugia refers to an area in which organisms can survive through a period of unfavourable
conditions.
13
TASVEG is a Tasmania-wide vegetation map produced by the Tasmanian Vegetation Mapping and
Monitoring Program. Find out more at: http://www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/ThemeNodes/LJEM6PE7J4?open
11
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It was recommended by stakeholders that the Tasmanian Government undertake a
review to improve and align policies relating to natural systems. This would assist in
dealing with the perceived differences between industry and conservation principles.
Adoption of the Precautionary Principle14 in legislation and policies relating to
coastal areas may assist with managing coastal systems.
Communication, education and engagement with the community were seen by
stakeholders as key action areas for the Tasmanian Government. There is still
perceived to be some indifference within the community and industry sectors
regarding the impacts of climate change on natural systems. Communicating
information on climate change impacts and associated risks could help to reduce
some of this indifference.
Providing the community with access to good scientific and land management
information and financial incentives through subsidies and grants could encourage
commitment to long-term beneficial outcomes for Tasmania’s natural systems by
industry and the broader community.
4. Water Management
4.1 ISSUES RAISED BY STAKEHOLDERS
A changing climate will have a number of impacts on Tasmania’s water resources.
Whilst generally abundant, rainfall in Tasmania is unevenly distributed across the
State, both spatially and seasonally, with water often limited in its availability during
the dry summer period. Projected climate change impacts such as seasonal rainfall
The Precautionary Principle is defined as: ‘Where there are threats of serious or irreversible
damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective
measures to prevent environmental degradation’, United Nations Conference on Environment and
Development, 1992, http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf151/aconf15126-1annex1.htm
14
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variations, an increase in severe rain and flash flooding events and increased
evaporation from open waters and soils, are likely to further impact on the
availability of water in Tasmania in some areas and at some times of the year.
These projected changes are likely to impact on water users. These changes and
differences between the water needs of various users are expected to magnify
stresses on freshwater supplies, as well as on freshwater dependent ecosystems.
Determining sustainable yields in Tasmania is an ongoing issue for water managers.
Despite data and projections provided in studies such as Climate Futures for
Tasmania15 and the Tasmania Sustainable Yields Project16, determining what
constitutes sustainable extraction is difficult. The challenge of sustainably allocating
water for extractive purposes is made more difficult by the additional impacts of
climate change into the future.
Climate change will impact on Tasmania’s hydro-electric power generation, and it
was suggested that the risk of reduced power generation capacity should be
considered by the Tasmanian Government and Hydro Tasmania. Potential impacts
on Tasmania’s hydro-electric infrastructure are discussed in Section 2: Human
Settlements and Infrastructure.
4.2 OPPORTUNITIES
The availability of water resources, and ongoing development of irrigation
infrastructure, could also result in considerable further investment in Tasmania,
particularly in agricultural industries. This would foster the Government’s vision for
Tasmania to substantially increase its food and agriculture production and become
a major supplier of the nation’s premium food products.
Climate Futures for Tasmania,
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/adapting/climate_futures
16
Tasmania Sustainable Yields Project, http://www.csiro.au/en/OrganisationStructure/Flagships/Water-for-a-Healthy-Country-Flagship/Sustainable-Yields-Projects/TASSY.aspx
15
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Stakeholders suggested that there may be economic opportunities for Tasmania to
capitalise on its freshwater supplies through water trading and exporting. Exporting
water may be particularly viable for Tasmania as water supplies are likely to become
comparatively scarcer in other areas of Australia. Although water exporting is not
currently part of Tasmania’s economic landscape, there does not appear to be
restrictions on the practice occurring in the future, should appropriate infrastructure
be put in place to transfer water supplies.
The ongoing adoption of more advanced technology in Tasmania may also provide
an opportunity to ensure that water management tools and data are more easily
accessed by water users.
It was suggested that development of an overarching state water policy that
provides a framework for planning, management, usage, accountability and
compliance, taking into account climate change, could provide an opportunity to
guide more effective and sustainable water management for Tasmania;
underpinning development and investment in the water sector.
4.3 BARRIERS
The barriers to adaptation in the water sector raised by stakeholders principally
relate to the lack of financial resources and the highly volatile global economy.
These factors could impact on the ability of the Tasmanian Government, Hydro
Tasmania, the water corporations and other key organisations to invest in critical
water infrastructure and improved data collection and management tools.
Other barriers raised relate to a general resistance to change traditional water
management practices by industry and a lack of understanding of potential issues
relating to water extraction and usage. For example, and notwithstanding historical
context, the issues of continued reliance on direct extraction from rivers for
irrigation need to be considered in the context of a changing climate. There is also a
perceived lack of understanding about river extraction limits and about what impact
this may have on industries when water becomes limited.
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4.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
It was suggested that the Tasmanian Government could develop a strategic
framework for water use, management and investment in Tasmania. The framework
should give consideration to projected climate change impacts on water resources
and ensure that the way water is managed and allocated in the future is
comprehensively set out. This will provide certainty for the water sector and enable
decisions to be made about the best approach to managing risks in relation to
water availability.
In its regulatory role, it was suggested that the Tasmanian Government could
continue to ensure that there are no significant restrictions to investment in water
infrastructure in Tasmania. This includes irrigation scheme developments and
investment in infrastructure to extend the use of recycled water. It was also
suggested that there should not be any significant restrictions for water markets.
At the request of the Tasmanian Government, Tasmanian Irrigation Pty Ltd is
developing business cases for a range of ‘shovel ready’ projects to be submitted to
Infrastructure Australia. These projects will assist water users, particularly in
agricultural industries, to manage their water supplies into the future. Stakeholders
indicated that the Tasmanian Government could continue to look for opportunities
to leverage investment in water infrastructure.
It was noted that the Tasmanian Government should maintain its commitment to
collecting data and undertaking modelling on water yields and usage. It should also
consider upgrading its water management systems. These activities will contribute
to more sustainable water management practices.
A need for more research and water management studies to occur at the local level
was identified and, where possible, support should be given for undertaking this
work. For example, more studies could be undertaken by councils to determine the
impact of climate change on river systems prone to flooding, or hydraulic modelling
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of stormwater drainage systems could be undertaken to identify new pluvial flood
risks due to climate change.
Stakeholders indicated that ongoing engagement should continue to occur
between the Tasmanian Government and water users, as well as amongst water
users themselves. This is critical to ensure that water users are well informed on
allocations, their obligations and responsibilities, and current and projected water
availability levels. Providing this information will assist water users to adapt to
changes in water availability as needed.
Information on sustainable water management practices was regarded as being
critical to assist water users in their adaptation efforts. An expansion of the
successful Wealth from Water Program17 could be considered as a means to engage
with and educate water users about how to get the most out of their water
resources.
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Wealth from Water Program,
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/WebPages/LBUN-8M54FC?open
17
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5. Industry Sectors
5.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Stakeholder feedback indicated that different industry sectors are at varied levels of
preparedness for adapting to the impacts of climate change. While some industries,
such as the energy industry, are already engaging in adaptive action, other
industries are less advanced.
Climate variability, and potentially climate change, is already impacting on a number
of industry sectors, particularly the primary industries. Stakeholders indicated that
they knew of a number of primary producers who were experiencing losses to stock
and profits due to climate related events, but were often reluctant to attribute these
losses to climate change.
Changes in rainfall and run-off, and potential damage to infrastructure are key
issues for industry. Water is an important resource for primary industries in
Tasmania, and there is concern about the capacity of these industries to adapt to
projected changes to rainfall. Catchment, storage and irrigation systems must be
suitably designed and fitted to ensure maximum efficiency.
Stakeholders indicated that the land-use planning system needs to recognise the
dynamic nature of climate change and not inhibit industry from undertaking
adaptation measures. They also indicated that they are often not clear where to go
within the Tasmanian Government for information or direction on land-use
management matters.
5.2 OPPORTUNITIES
Feedback from consultation indicated that, as climate change may impact more
severely on mainland Australia, Tasmania may be regarded as a more favourable
place to live and to invest.
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Stakeholders also identified opportunities for investment that leverage Tasmania’s
water supply, our high quality air and soil and our unique maritime climate. They
also indicated that investment opportunities are particularly positive for industries
such as viticulture and aquaculture in a changing climate. Industry growth could also
lead to further skilled migration and jobs growth for Tasmania.
Climate change presents an opportunity for industries to develop innovative
products or solutions, diversify their products, and attract additional investment. A
number of specific opportunities identified included establishing alternative sources
of renewable energy, introducing new crops, varying the timing of crop production
to meet different markets and increased crop or livestock production.
Opportunities exist to inform industries on the longer term cost savings of
incorporating adaptation responses into risk management planning, as opposed to
being reactive to climate related extreme events.
There is also an opportunity for industries to consider a future climate and
adaptation when determining future markets and associated risks and opportunities.
This would help to minimise maladaptive outcomes18.
5.3 BARRIERS
The principal barrier to climate change adaptation raised by Tasmanian industry
sectors is financial and related to the volatile global economy. Currently, many
industries do not have the financial resources to invest in adaptation measures, with
some industries suffering a significant downturn in revenue. Adaptation responses
need to represent value for money, and have capacity for return on investment.
The different levels of preparedness of different industry sectors for adapting to the
impacts of climate change also represents a barrier. Climate change is also not seen
‘Maladaptive’ refers to adaptation actions that ultimately leave the community worse off. Australian
Government Productivity Commission, Inquiry into Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation,
http://www.pc.gov.au/projects/inquiry/climate-change-adaptation/report
18
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as a direct risk to businesses and industries, and therefore is often not considered in
risk management planning.
5.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
It was noted consistently through the consultation process that adaptation
responses within industry sectors need to be industry-led, with the Tasmanian
Government playing a supporting role. Key opportunities for the Tasmanian
Government to support industry could include capacity building, education,
awareness raising, financial incentives and regulation.
There is a need to integrate adaptive responses into management frameworks and
action plans and across industries and locations. By taking such an approach, issues
can be dealt with more holistically and effectively. In order to support the
development and implementation of such responses, an online directory of various
resources, tools, and approaches could be made available. This directory could
bring together the resources that have been developed by organisations such as the
Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, the Department of Primary Industries, Parks,
Water and Environment and the Department of Premier and Cabinet’s Tasmanian
Climate Change Office.
It was suggested that the Tasmanian Government could play a leadership role by
modelling an integrated, collaborative approach to adaptation action. As part of this
approach, areas of government that consider natural resource management matters
could be better integrated and consider a more holistic approach in their
management practices.
Education and awareness raising for industry sectors was noted as a key role for the
Tasmanian Government, and will be important to encourage behaviour change.
There is also a role for the Tasmanian Government to support local climate change
modelling and research, building on the work of Climate Futures for Tasmania.
Peer mentoring and utilising local expertise will be important to engage industry
sectors about the impacts of climate change and adaptive responses. Additionally,
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the use of social media is an important mechanism for establishing a ‘social license’
for particular adaptive responses that may otherwise not be palatable to some
communities.
Financial incentives or subsidies were supported by stakeholders as a means to
promote and foster innovation in industry. Without mechanisms such as these, it is
likely to be difficult for industry to adopt different methods and processes or
accommodate variations in production, or for new industries to emerge.
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6. Natural Disasters
6.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Climate change projections for Tasmania indicate there is likely to be an increased
incidence of extreme weather events such as flooding, storm surges, and bushfires.
This presents a significant risk to Tasmania’s built and natural assets. There is still
however, a perceived lack of understanding in the community about what the
hazards are, and who is responsible for managing these hazards.
Stakeholders considered it to be highly important that Tasmanian and local
government decision makers have a well-developed understanding of the risks
facing Tasmania, and the impacts on communities during natural disasters. Also
seen as important was a commitment by the Tasmanian Government and other
relevant organisations to ongoing investment in data, modelling and information to
ensure a full understanding of the hazards and impacts, as well as human resources
to implement adaption responses.
Stakeholders indicated that it should remain the responsibility of the Tasmanian
Government to lead the response to natural disasters in Tasmania. Furthermore, it
should be a priority for local government to develop municipal natural disaster
plans that identify risks, opportunities for action, and priorities, as there is a low level
of awareness among stakeholders of the work regional and municipal emergency
management committees do to prepare and maintain emergency management
plans and risk assessments.19. Both levels of government are seen to have a
responsibility for engaging with the community in a coordinated fashion to ensure
there is a broad understanding of the risks, as well as the roles and responsibilities
for action.
In accordance with the Emergency Management Act (2006), state, regional and municipal
emergency management plans are required to be developed.
19
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Consultation indicated that the increased likelihood of extreme events such as storm
surges in Tasmania is not being appropriately communicated as a key risk to the
community. Furthermore, it was suggested that members of these communities
need to be better educated about their respective roles in managing these risks.
The ongoing and likely increased risk of bushfire was a particular concern to
stakeholders. The negative impacts of bushfires on Tasmania’s biodiversity is seen as
likely to be exacerbated by recent changes to land-use management arising from
restructuring of the timber industry, and the proposed changes to Forestry
Tasmania’s activities. These changes may lead to the deterioration of the condition
and usability of roads in densely forested areas, therefore reducing the capacity to
fight fires in these areas. This may result in more destructive wildfires and the
possibility of a substantial threat placed on biodiversity in these areas.
Effective and appropriate land-use planning arrangements and building standards
could make a significant contribution to the management of land exposed to
natural hazards, such as coastal inundation resulting from climate change induced
sea level rise. It was suggested that any future amendments to land-use planning
schemes or building standards should take into account long term, strategic climate
change considerations to minimise the likelihood of issues arising in the future.
The ability of the Tasmanian health system to respond during natural disaster
incidents was also of concern to stakeholders. Projected increases in the number of
patients affected by natural disasters are likely to add another layer to a system
already perceived to be under considerable stress. This issue is dealt with in more
detail in Section 7: Human Health and Vulnerable Communities.
6.2 OPPORTUNITIES
For a short period of time after extreme weather events, communities have a
heightened interest in the risks associated with such events. Such periods are an
opportunity to engage more deeply with communities about the likelihood,
consequences, significance and management of the risks.
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During their recovery from natural disasters, affected communities should be
supported to consider what climate change adaption actions they can take to build
resilience to future events.
6.3 BARRIERS
The level of awareness and engagement within the broader community about the
risks and management of natural disasters was seen as a considerable barrier to
adaptation. Stakeholders indicated that there is a good level of awareness in the
community about the risk management for bushfire events, however less awareness
about other natural disasters.
Stakeholders indicated that land management policies and land-use planning
provisions present barriers to adaptation in Tasmania. Land management policies
were perceived to limit the ability of landowners to manage vegetation to mitigate
the risk of bushfires and wildfires. Land-use planning provisions stakeholders
indicated that they are deemed to be ineffective in ensuring built and natural assets
will be protected against future extreme weather events as they do not take into
account projected climate risks and impacts.
A lack of consistent, state-wide land-use planning provisions to address natural
hazards was also identified as barriers to considering and implementing adaptation
responses.
6.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Clear and transparent communications from both the Tasmanian and local
governments was regarded by stakeholders as being critical to ensuring that the
community is well informed to respond to natural disasters. Good communication of
bushfire risk and responses was acknowledged, however stakeholders suggested
that more could be done to communicate information about other natural disasters.
The implementation of the National Strategy for Disaster Resilience Strategic
Priorities was regarded as a good way to contribute to building community
resilience to natural disasters. The strategic priorities are based around
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communicating and educating people about risks, partnering with those who effect
change, empowering individuals and communities to exercise choice and take
responsibility, and supporting community capabilities for disaster resilience.
Government decision makers indicated it was particularly important for them to
have access to the best and most up-to-date information available on natural
hazards, so they can pass this information onto the rest of the community.
Although there is good information currently available, it was noted that there
needs to be a commitment to updating this information and filling any gaps as
required.
Consultation indicated that there is a low level of awareness and understanding
among stakeholders of the Tasmanian Emergency Management Plan (TEMP). The
TEMP specifies the emergency management arrangements within Tasmania,
including stakeholder responsibilities and incident management protocols. As such,
it was suggested by stakeholders that there could be better promotion of TEMP.
A number of stakeholders commented that the Tasmanian Government should, at
least, maintain current levels of funding to emergency management. Appropriate
levels of funding will be important to ensure Tasmania’s emergency services are
able to respond appropriately to natural disasters, particularly as the severity and
frequency of extreme weather events may increase in the future. Consideration
could also be given to investing in emergency accommodation provisions for
community members displaced due to extreme weather events.
It was suggested that land-use planning could better incorporate future climate
change impacts and appropriate responses, particularly through state wide land-use
planning provisions to address natural hazards. Further to this, a risk management
framework could also be applied to the land-use planning system to minimise the
impacts of natural disasters on public and private assets.
Funding could be provided to improve the management of Tasmania’s coastal
hazards through community consultation and the implementation of adaptation
responses in relevant locations. This would be particularly applicable in locations
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where preliminary planning around adaptation responses has already taken place,
such as the Clarence municipality. The Tasmanian Coastal Adaptation Decisions
Pathway Project20 was highlighted as a good approach that could be applied in
other coastal areas around Tasmania.
Tasmanian Coastal Adaptation Decision Pathways Project,
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/adapting/_tasmanian_coastal_adaptation_decisi
on_pathways_project
20
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7. Human Health and Vulnerable
Communities
7.1 ISSUES IDENTIFIED BY STAKEHOLDERS
Consultation with stakeholders indicated that Tasmania’s health system may be
placed under additional stress as a result of climate change related factors. A
warmer climate is likely to place vulnerable sectors of the community at greater risk
of incidences of heat-related illness, and the heightened risk of bushfires and
wildfires may result in increased presentations of burns and asthma-related illness.
Warmer, wetter conditions may extend and/or enhance the risk and vulnerability of
vector-borne disease in Tasmania such as the Ross River Virus.
A potential increase in Tasmania’s population, resulting from an inflow of climate
migrants and refugees from other areas of Australia and the Pacific impacted by
rising sea levels, was also raised in the consultation. Stakeholders noted that this
may also place stress upon Tasmania’s health system.
It was noted that more consideration needs to be given to how to assist the
members of the Tasmanian community that are the most vulnerable to the impact
of climate change. This was raised as Tasmania has a higher proportion of people
suffering from ill-health, the elderly, and people from low socio-economic
backgrounds than other parts of Australia.
Feedback indicated that strategies addressing health protection21, preventive
health22 and primary health care23 in Tasmania should consider future climate issues.
Health protection is defined as ‘protecting human health by identifying threats posed by
environmental hazards as early as possible and by introducing appropriate safeguards. Ideally, these
should be sustainable and cost effective.’(NEHS 1999)-National Environmental Health Strategy
Australia
21
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Stakeholders explained that this would assist the community to understand how
climate change may impact on their health in the future and enable them to
become more resilient to climate change as a result.
Stakeholders also indicated that Tasmania does not seem to be taking a strategic
approach to matters relating to the state’s future population, particularly regarding
the potential impacts an increased population may have on social services,
infrastructure and facilities. Issues were raised with the capability of these essential
services to meet increases in demand that may result from an inflow of climate
migrants and refugees from other areas.
A number of stakeholders perceived that Tasmania’s social services, infrastructure
and facilities may also be placed under increased pressure due to climate change
impacts such as changes in the frequency and severity of extreme events. For
example, social welfare services, public spaces, libraries, schools and hospitals may
not have the capacity to cope with impacts such as extreme heat, flash flooding,
increased rainfall, bushfires or storm events.
Stakeholders appreciated that new public housing stock being built in Tasmania is
being built to a 6 star standard, and that ongoing retrofits to public housing homes
is promoting energy efficiency, costs saving and health and warmth benefits. It was
noted however that an ongoing commitment should be made to ensure that that
Tasmania’s new and existing public housing stock, as well as private low income
housing provides sufficient heating and cooling for tenants in a changing climate.
Further, it was noted that projected climate change risks and adaptation measures
should be considered when designing new housing stock.
Preventive health is defined as ‘action to reduce or eliminate or reduce the onset, causes,
complications or recurrence of disease’. Source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2004).
Australia’s Health 2004. Canberra, AIHW Cat. No. AUS 44, p.496.
23
Primary health care is a broad concept that includes primary care services, health promotion,
disease prevention, and population-level public health functions.
http://www.med.uottawa.ca/sim/data/Primary_Care.htm
22
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Stakeholders perceived that a level of apathy exists towards health and wellbeing
more generally in the Tasmanian community. This apathy does not put the
community in a good position to receive messaging around public health, thereby
placing it at risk of becoming more susceptible to ill-health under a changing
climate. Views were expressed that the current messaging around health and
wellbeing is not being received by target audiences as well as it could be, and that
these audiences are therefore not engaging.
7.2 OPPORTUNITIES
Opportunity exists to see a shift in social attitudes, as well as strengthening and
improving community relationships. As evidenced in the Tasmanian Coastal
Adaptation Decision Pathways Project24, including the community in the adaptation
process can create a flow on effect of enabling communities to interact together
and operate as a more cohesive unit.
7.3 BARRIERS
The most significant barrier identified by stakeholders in this area related to the
ability and willingness of Tasmanians to adapt. It was noted that as Tasmania has a
higher incidence of community members deemed vulnerable, this might affect their
ability to undertake adaptation responses.
It was noted that any adaptation responses developed by the Tasmanian
Government need to give due consideration to the social and economic
circumstances faced by Tasmanian communities.
Tasmanian Coastal Adaptation Decision Pathways Project,
http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/climatechange/adapting/_tasmanian_coastal_adaptation_decisi
on_pathways_project
24
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7.4 RESPONSES SUGGESTED BY STAKEHOLDERS
It was suggested that strategies addressing health protection, preventive health and
primary health care in Tasmania should consider Tasmania’s future climate. A ‘2050
health report card’ that specifically addresses climate change was also suggested, as
this would assist in measuring and monitoring the resilience of Tasmanians to a
changing climate, particularly for those that are likely to be more vulnerable to
climate change. Consultation also indicated that the health and community sector
should also consider a changing climate in its strategic planning.
Taking a more strategic approach in relation to Tasmania’s future population was
also suggested. This would enable the potential impacts an increased population
may have on social services, infrastructure and facilities to be considered.
Furthermore, the Tasmanian Government could ensure that these social services,
infrastructure and facilities are designed, maintained and delivered in such a way
that they are able to withstand the impacts of climate change, and are available to
the community as needed.
Public housing, and private low income housing, should be better prepared for a
changing climate. Guidelines could be developed to ensure that new public
housing has sufficient insulation, heating and cooling for a changing climate. Where
it is cost-effective, existing housing stock should be retrofitted to also ensure that it
is able to provide appropriate cooling and heating into the future. Options to work
with owners of private low income housing to create a similar set of guidelines for
private low income houses should be pursued.
The provision of information to the community about climate change impacts on
human health and suggested ways to adapt was identified as another important
response for the Tasmanian Government. Although climate change and some
mitigation responses are widely communicated to the community, the potential
impacts on communities and what can be done to adapt, are often not fully realised.
Consideration could be given to providing targeted messaging to the community
through existing networks so that residents can understand the identified risks as
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applicable to them, and how they can act or adapt. It is important that this
communication not only educates the community about the risks, but also allows
people to accept responsibility for their individual risk.
8. Overarching Themes
A number of overarching themes were consistently raised during the consultation
process – both through written submissions and during the roundtables. These are
summarised below:
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Climate change adaptation should be embedded in risk management
frameworks and practices
Existing risk management frameworks and practices provide appropriate
mechanisms to consider climate change impacts and adaptation. Through
these practices and mechanisms, the likelihood and consequence of climate
change impacts and risks can be evaluated and adaptation responses
considered and implemented.
Taking climate change impacts and adaptation into account should represent
best practice risk management for government, industry and business.
Collection, provision, and communication of climate change information are
key roles for the Tasmanian Government.
The Tasmanian Government has a role to play in the collection and
communication of up to date and relevant climate change information.
Investment in appropriate data collection and modelling around the six
priority adaptation areas would enable Tasmanians to fully understand and
appreciate the potential risks posed by climate change.
Information on climate change risks and impacts should be made available to
the broader community in an accessible, engaging format.
There is a lack of understanding of climate change risks and that responding
to these risks is a shared responsibility.
The breadth of risks associated with climate change impacts are not well
understood by the broader community and responsibility for managing these
risks is also not broadly understood.
Different levels of government, private individuals and other parties may all
have some responsibilities for managing climate change risks. A collaborative
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approach to respond to these risks should be encouraged where
appropriate.
Climate change should be considered as part of the Tasmanian
Government’s broader policy and strategic framework.
A changing climate and appropriate adaptation responses should be routine
considerations for the Tasmanian Government when developing strategies
and policies, particularly relating to infrastructure, public health, planning and
coastal management.
This will help to ensure that Tasmania invests wisely for the future and that
the State is prepared for the challenges and opportunities a future climate
may present.
The roles and responsibilities of the Tasmanian Government as reflected in
the Issues Paper are generally supported by the stakeholders engaged in the
consultation process.
A number of issues around the roles and responsibilities of the Tasmanian
Government were highlighted:
The importance of clearly communicating these roles and
responsibilities with the community, as they are not necessarily
consistent with community expectations;
The importance of transparency in decision making; and
Establishing clear terms of reference for all advisory and working
groups.
In addition, the provision of direction to allow local government to be
consistent with its response to climate change matters could be an additional
role for the Tasmanian Government.
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9. Next Steps
In the first half of 2013, the TCCO will undertake additional targeted consultation
with stakeholders in the Tasmanian Government and other identified organisations
to develop adaptation responses for the Strategy. During this time, a consultation
process will also be undertaken to develop a series of mitigation responses for
inclusion in the Strategy. Where emissions reduction and adaptation matters are
linked, they will be considered together in the Strategy.
The Strategy will be released in late 2013.
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ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN TASMANIA
Attachment 1
WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS RECEIVED FOR THE ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN
TASMANIA ISSUES PAPER
Organisation Name
Individual
Individual
Individual
Glenorchy City Council
Individual
Individual
Department of Health and Human Services
Doctors for the Environment Australia
(Tasmania)
Individual
BirdLife Tasmania
Southern Beaches Conservation Society
Individual
Department of Treasury and Finance
SGS Economic and Planning
Individual
Individual
Department of Education – Facilities
Department of Education
Individual
Southern Coastcare Association of Tasmania
Environment Tasmania
GHD Pty Ltd
Eco-Energy Options Pty Ltd
Kingborough Council
Tasman Council
Individual
Author Name
Odette Lennane
Damian Mackey
Patricia Davis
Greg French
Mike Griffiths
Charles Holmes
Martin Bullen
Rohan Church and Anna
Norris
Penny Wadsley
Eric Woehler
Claire Burnet
Petra Strich
Sam Picot
Clive Attwater
Chris Beechey
Midj Jones
Jason Bell
Colin Petit
Karen Enkelaar
Leah Page
Gemma Tillack
Karen Fitzgerald
John Todd
Jon Doole
Jennifer Milne
Rob Crosthwaite
Department of Premier and Cabinet – Tasmanian Climate Change Office
43/44
CONSULTATION REPORT:
ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN TASMANIA
Hydro Tasmania
Clarence City Council
Latrobe Council
Climate Action Hobart
Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture
Department of Primary Industries, Parks,
Water and Environment
Hobart Mahikari Centre
Department of Economic Development,
Tourism and the Arts
Greening Australia Tasmania
Hobart City Council
Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers Association
Local Government Association of Tasmania
Tasmanian Climate Action Council
Alex Beckitt
Ian Preece
Sharon Holland
Phil Harrington
Caroline Mohammed
Brett Noble
Laraine Donnelly
Heidi Jones
Jonathan Duddles
Neil Noye
Jan Davis
Allan Garcia
Lesley Hughes
Department of Premier and Cabinet – Tasmanian Climate Change Office
44/44