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Biochemistry
1. Which is produced in the skin
a. 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
b. 7-dehydrocholesterol – skin
c. 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol – kidney
d. 25 hydroxy cholecalciferol – liver
2. Which amino acids are deficient in corn
a. Alanine and isoleucine
b. Phenylalanine and methionine
c. Histidine and tryptophan
d. Tryptophan and lysine
3. most toxic fat soluble vitamin
a. ascorbic acid
b. pyridoxine
c. retinol
d. 1,25 dihydrocholecalciferol
4. amino acid that is unnecessary if you have an ample amount of nicotinamide
a. lysine
b. leucine
c. tryptophan
d. methionine
5. contains only purines
a. guanine, hypoxanthine, uric acid
b. cytosine, hypoxanthine, uric acid
c. uracil, hypoxanthine, uric acid
d. thymine, hypoxanthine, uric acid
6. enzyme that transforms hypoxanthine to uric acid
a. urase
b. xanthine oxidase
c. hypoxanthase
d. phosphofructokinase
7. symptoms of scurvy are produced by
a. increased osteoblastic activity
b. decreased osteoblastic activity
c. hydroxyproline decrease
d. increased ascorbic acid
8. which is a nucleotide
a. ornithine
b. gamyl phosphate
c. adenosine-5-monophasphate
d. ptamyl phosphate
9. transports fatty acids from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria
a. malate
b. citrulline
c. citrate
d. carnitine
10. rate limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway
a. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
b. ribose-5-phosphate
c. ribose-4-phosphatase
d. acetyl CoA carboxylase
11. derived from the pentose phosphate pathway
a. ribose
b. ribulose
c. glucose
d. fructose
12. pentose phosphate pathway provides __________ for fatty acid synthesis
a. NAD
b. NADH
c. NADPH
d. FADH
13. Lipoprotein lipase has the following responsibility
a. Breakdown glycogen
b. Breakdown proteins
c. Breakdown triglycerides
d. Breakdown glucose
14. During starvation, glycerol can be converted to
a. Fatty acids
b. Cholesterol
c. Amino acids
d. Glucose
15. breakdown of triglycerides is accomplished by
a. reduction
b. hydrolysis
c. oxidation
d. decarboxylation
16. cofactor in carboxylation reactions
a. biotin
b. TPP
c. Pyridoxal phosphate
d. Niacin
17. cofactor in transamination reactions
a. B-6
b. Biotin
c. B-2
d. B-1
18. vitamin deficiency that causes Beri beri
a. niacin
b. thiamine
c. riboflavin
d. pyridoxal phosphate
19. a dehydrogenase reaction
a. amino transfer
b. oxidation/reduction
c. carboxylation
d. decarboxylation
20. has most kilocalories per gram
a. proteins
b. triglycerides
c. starch
d. glucose
21. not a part of the urea cycle
a. arginine
b. ornithine
c. citrulline
d. citrate
22. charge of an amino acid is determined by
a. temperature
b. polarity
c. pH
d. pressure
23. Acid and basic amino acids make a quartenary structure utilizing which bond
a. Ionic
b. Disulfide
c. Peptide
d. Hydrogen
24. most abundant substance in the cell membrane
a. proteins
b. cholesterol
c. phospholipids
d. peptidoglycans
25. greatest protein density
a. VLDL
b. LDL
c. HDL
d. Chylomicrons
26. which food has highest concentration of cholesterol
a. milk
b. egg
c. meat
d. pork
27. which unsaturated fatty acid contains two carbon-carbon double bonds
a. linoleic
b. oleic
c. arachidonic
d. linolenic
28. coenzyme responsible for converting methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA
a. B-1
b. B-3
c. B-6
d. B-12
29. Niacin and riboflavin are coenzymes involved in a __________ reaction
a. Decarboxylation
b. Carboxylation
c. Transamination
d. Oxidation/reduction
30. hyperglycemia is closely associated with
a. diabetes insipidus
b. renal diabetes
c. diabetes mellitus
d. hyperinsulinism
31. an essential fatty acid
a. stearic
b. oleic
c. linoleic
d. phosphoric
32. a coenzyme derived from riboflavin
a. FAD
b. NAD
c. NADPH
d. TP
33. sugars which make up sucrose
a. galactose and glucose
b. fructose and ribose
c. ribose and glucose
d. glucose and fructose
34. cholesterol is converted to ____ by hepatic tissue
a. bilirubin
b. biliverdin
c. bile salts
d. triglycerides
35. a ketohexose
a. ribose
b. glucose
c. fructose
d. xanthose
36. an intermediate in the formation of palmitic acid from Acetyl-CoA
a. citrate
b. succiante
c. malate
d. malonyl CoA
37. not an antioxidant
a. ascorbic acid
b. cholecalciferol
c. retinal
d. tocopherol
38. responsible for the transportation of iron in the blood
a. ferritin
b. ferrous sulfate
c. ferric sulfate
d. transferrin
39. hemoglobin contains
a. 4 alpha globulin chains
b. 4 binding sites to oxygen
c. 4 beta globulin chains
d. iron in the form of ferric
40. a 6 carbon sugar can be converted to produce _____ acetyl CoA
a. 2
b. 6
c. 12
d. 24
41. In gluconeogenesis, pyruvate is carboxylated to
a. Phosphoenolpyruvate
b. Malate
c. Aspartate
d. Oxaloacetate
42. The purpose of thymine pyrophosphate in the pentose pathway is
a. Functions with transaldolase
b. Functions with transketolase
c. Oxidation reaction
d. Reduction reaction
43. Which is an essential amino acid
a. Aspartate
b. Valine
c. Glutamate
d. Glycine
44. Which enzymatic activity is not in the pentose phosphate pathway
a. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
b. Transaldolase
c. Transketolase
d. Glucose-6-phosphatase
45. found in gluconeogenesis, but not in glycolysis
a. niacin
b. riboflavin
c. biotin
d. pantothenate
46. Niacin is derived from which amino acid
a. Tryptophan
b. Phenylalanine
c. Tyrosine
d. Valine
47. contains purines
a. guanine
b. threonine
c. thymine
d. uracil
48. The substrate concentration which gives ½ Vmax is
a. LM
b. Km
c. Pm
d. KLM
49. which is a characteristic of a competitive inhibitor
a. increased Vmax
b. decreased Vmax
c. increased Km
d. decreased Km
50. function of tRNA
a. contains the codon
b. recognizes the codon
c. sequence of the protein
d. transfer of nucleic acid
51. DNA 5’ to 3’ what is the DNA
a. 5’ – A – G- A – G – 3’
b. 3’ –T –G- G – C – 5’
c. 5’ UGUC 3’
d. 3’ C G T C 5’
52. Pleated sheets are considered to be
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Quartenary
53. which bond is seen with pleated sheets
a. covalent
b. hydrogen
c. ionic
d. trivalent
54. Beta 1,4 bonds are found in
a. Starch
b. Lipids
c. Maltose
d. Lactose
55. In a substance that contains 30% starch, 10% maltose, 10% lactose, and 50% sucrose,
how much is glucose, galactose, and fructose
a. 70; 10; 10
b. 70; 5; 25
c. 60; 30; 10
d. 50; 40; 10
56. intermediate in cholesterol synthesis
a. HMG CoA
b. Acetyl CoA
c. Succinate
d. Fumarate
57. has only two double bonded carbons
a. linoleic
b. linolenic
c. arachidonic
d. oleic
58. In the phenylalanine to tyrosine pathway, what is the end product?
a. Testosterone
b. Epinephrine
c. Aldosterone
d. cholesterol
59. primary function of the electron transport chain is to
a. keep the ionic membrane intact
b. regenerate reducing power
c. to produce oxygen
d. oxidize coenzymes and convert the energy to ATP
60. If the electron transport chain is uncoupled, how would ATP production by affected
a. Increased 100%
b. Increased slightly
c. Decreased slightly
d. Decreased to 0
61. which is in aspartame?
a. Tyrosine
b. Phenylalanine
c. Histidine
d. Valine
62. Zwitter ion is
a. Basic
b. Acid
c. At its isoelectric point
d. First basic, then acidic
63. Which is a zymogen
a. Trypsin
b. Trypsinogen
c. Chymotrypsin
d. pepsin