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Experiment 5 Background Information and more…. Monosaccharide: • Glucose • Fructose • Galactose – cannot be used by yeast • Mannose = isomer of glucose Disaccharide: • Lactose = glucose + galactose • Maltose = glucose + glucose • Sucrose – fructose + glucose Trisaccharide • Raffinose = trisacchharide made up of glucose, galactose, fructose. Found in beans, cabbage and brussel sprouts. In humans, raffinose is broken down by alpha-galactosidase (breaks it down into galactose (monomer) and sucrose (disaccharide). Humans can digest galactose, unless they lack the enzyme. What causes gas when you eat beans, cabbage and brussel sprouts? When you eat sugar it has to be broken down into monsaccharides to get into the bloodstream. Raffinose, which is more complex (trisaccharide), sometimes doesn’t get broken down in time and gets passed to the lower intestine where bacteria go to work on it and create fumes (methane, CO2) from fermentation. BEANO reduces intestinal gas by introducing an form of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase, an enzyme derived from a mold Aspergillus niger. BEANO also contains the enzyme invertase. Other Sugars Karo syrup = mostly maltose (from corn starch, disaccharide) Honey = fructose + glucose as monosaccharides Maple Sugar = mostly sucrose with some glucose and fructose
