Download SPRGM Teacher Notes - 3D Molecular Designs

Neurotransmitters Module: The Beery Twins’ Story ©
A Project-Based Learning Activity_
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Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map©
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A 3DMD BioInformatics Activity ©
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Teacher Notes
Activity Guide
The activity guide for the Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map© will help you consider different
ways you may use these materials. We encourage you to modify these lessons and activities to meet the
learning objectives and needs of your specific students.
Prerequisite Knowledge and Skills
Before using the Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map© students should have some
background knowledge of the following concepts:
∙ Protein structure and folding
∙ Enzyme function/specificity
∙ Flow of Genetic information (DNA > RNA > protein)
∙ Mutations
∙ Mendelian inheritance patterns/pedigree analysis
∙ Neurotransmitters
Objectives
Use the Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map© to:
∙ Relate the flow of genetic information (DNA > RNA > protein) to a specific human case study.
∙ Apply the concept that a protein is a linear sequence of amino acids that spontaneously fold into a
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complex 3 dimensional shape following basic principles of chemistry and physics to the folding of a
specific protein.
Explain the consequences of specific biosynthetic pathway.
Describe the role of a cofactor in a specific biosynthetic pathway.
Elucidate the role of dopamine and serotonin in neurotransmission
Examine the role of genomics in the diagnosis and treatment of disease in a specific case study.
Materials Needed
∙ Teacher and student maps
∙ Student handouts 1 and 2
Copyright 3D Molecular Designs
All Rights Reserved - 2016
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3dmoleculardesigns.com
Teacher Handout
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Neurotransmitters Module: The Beery Twins’ Story ©
A Project-Based Learning Activity_
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Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map©
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Teacher Notes
Optional Materials
The Genetic Codon Circle
Amino Acid Side Chain Chart
Lysine
Threonine
Lys
Thr
K
T
Gly
Met
Trp
3’
N
G
M
W
Aspartic
Acid
Histidine
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
His
Phe
Tyr
Carboxylic
Acid Group
O- C
N
H
O
C C
H
N
H
C
H
Atom Color Key
Carbon
Alpha Carbon
O
O- C
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Sulfur
Amino Acid Property Key
Negative
Charge
Hydrophilic
Amino acid clip color and name color indicate property
Cysteine
Aspartic Acid
Clips attach to mini toobers in 3D Molecular Designs’ kits
Positive Charge
Methionine
Glutamine
Tyrosine
Histidine
Amino Acid Properties
Lysine
Arginine
Tryptophan
Phenylalanine
Proline
Isoleucine
Alanine
Valine
Glycine
Copyright 3D Molecular Designs - All Rights Reserved - 2009, 2014
Version 3.5
3DMD Amino Acid Side Chain Chart ©
See Page 7
STOP
C
lin
e
Pro
Leu
CAU
CAC
CAA
CAG
His H
His H
Gln Q
Gln Q
CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
Arg
Arg
Arg
Arg
R
R
R
R
U
C
A
G
T
T
T
T
AAU
AAC
AAA
AAG
Asn N
Asn N
Lys K
Lys K
AGU
AGC
AGA
AGG
Ser S
Ser S
Arg R
Arg R
U
C
A
G
A
A
A
A
GAU
GAC
GAA
GAG
Asp D
Asp D
Glu E
Glu E
GGU
GGC
GGA
GGG
Gly G
Gly G
Gly G
Gly G
U
C
A
G
Cysteine
P
P
P
P
Ile I
Ile I
Ile I
Met M
ACU
ACC
ACA
ACG
Thr
Thr
Thr
Thr
Val
Val
Val
Val
GCU
GCC
GCA
GCG
Ala
Ala
Ala
Ala
AUU
AUC
AUA
AUG
G
GUU
GUC
GUA
GUG
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G
Pro
Pro
Pro
Pro
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Cys C
Cys C
Stop
Trp W
CCU
CCC
CCA
CCG
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UGU
UGC
UGA
UGG
UAU
UAC
UAA
UAG
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
A
Tyr Y
Tyr Y
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Stop
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CUU
CUC
CUA
CUG
S
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Amino Acid Properties
3dmoleculardesigns.com
Translation Start Codon
Serine
U
Leucin
Trp W
...where molecules become real TM
Asparagine
Glutamic Acid
Leucine
C
A
C
STOP
Tryptophan
3’
Threonine
Hydrophobic
G
Pro
Cys
ine
Cyste
C
Ser
Ser
Ser
Ser
UCU
UCC
UCA
UCG
STOP
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G A
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U
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G
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Phe F
Phe F
Leu L
Leu L
e
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O
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H
C
C
UUU
UUC
UUA
UUG
din
Amino
Group
A
U
sti
Star Represents
Side Chain
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Arg R
P
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gin
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G
Arginin
Val
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Lys
A G U C
ine
Valine
Pro
Lys
C
C
U
G
A
tam
Y
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Ile
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U
C
Glu
F
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Cys
Arginine
r
S Se
K
H
Cysteine
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R Arg
Valine
G
e
Asn
Val
A
nin
Tryptophan
e
C
U
G
A
C
U
G
A
C
U
G
A
reo
Methionine
...where molecules become real TM
Ala
Th
Glycine
D
Ala
nin
Asparagine
Asp
A
V
A G U C A
UC
GU
G
e
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id
Glu
R
c Ac
Arg
rti
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d
p
ic Aci
tam
As
Glu
Glutamic
Acid
Arginine
A
r
S
e
Ser
L
Phenylalanin
Leu
Q
Glycine
Gln
A
Gly
Ala
Se
G
Serine
D
Leucine
lu
Glutamine
EG
Alanine
L
3’
Amino Acid Side Chain
e
Name
rin
Amino Acid Side Chain
Phe F
Name
Leu
Amino Acid Side Chain
ine
Name
Leuc
Amino Acid Side Chain
Se
Name
Translation Start Codon
Hydrophobic / Non-polar
Negative Charge
Translation Stop Codon
Hydrophilic / Polar
Positive Charge
Translation Stop Codon
Hydrophilic / Polar
Negative Charge
Hydrophobic / Non-polar
Positive Charge
Cysteine
cbm.msoe.edu
Copyright 3D Molecular Designs - All Rights Reserved - 2009, 2014
...where molecules become real TM
3dmoleculardesigns.com
cbm.msoe.edu
Version 3.0
Copyright 3D Molecular Designs - All Rights Reserved - 2009, 2014
3DMD Genetic Codon Circle©
See Page 6
3DMD Dopamine and Serotonin Biosynthesis Models
Version 3.5
3DMD Genetic Codon Chart©
See Page 5
3DMD Human Sepiapterin Reductase Model
See 3dmoleculardesigns.com/Education-Products/Neurotransmitters-Module.htm
Additional supporting materials are also available online including an 11x17 placemat with additional information about the Beery twins and their molecular diagnosis, and 8.5x11 placemats illustrating the synthesis
of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. We recommend printing and laminating these materials for
use in your classroom.
You may wish to view the YouTube video found at the following link for more background information on the
Beery Family: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUQFHecs8EQ.
Copyright 3D Molecular Designs
All Rights Reserved - 2016
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Teacher Handout
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Neurotransmitters Module: The Beery Twins’ Story ©
A Project-Based Learning Activity_
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Teacher Notes
Project Ideas
Teachers can lay a foundational understanding of the Beery twins’ story with the Human Sepiapterin
Reductase MRNA Gene Map©. You may choose to develop a project-based learning module with your
students using the following ideas:
1. Neurotransmitter Biosynthesis Pathways
Students explore the neurotransmitter biosynthesis pathways of dopamine and serotonin to
discover that in addition to proteins, amino acids play a key role in the synthesis of certain
neurotransmitters.
2. Phenylketonuria (PKU) Case Study
Using the dopamine biosynthesis pathway, students discover the root cause of phenylketonuria.
Additional activities may include an exploration of the topic of newborn screening for genetic
conditions and the ethical implications.
3. Inheritance Patterns
Students use the Human Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA Gene Map© and other pedigrees to
explore modes of inheritance of various traits and develop a deeper understanding of the
vocabulary of genetics including heterozygosity, homozygosity, compound heterozygosity,
dominance, recessiveness.
4. Mutations
Students examine the various mutations noted on the gene map (hypothetical deletions) to
determine the impact of these mutations on protein structure and function.dominance,
recessiveness.
5. Exploring Scientific Literature
Students research additional scientific journal articles for more information about whole genome
sequencing, whole exome sequencing or other molecular stories in which sequencing played a
key role in determining the cause of a disease.
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All Rights Reserved - 2016
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* C E G A E L C P R S S G H R H A A V G P G D L R G P R H A K R A A G A E G K G E A G G L Q G V S P E T A E L T G K G R V Q V W
3dmoleculardesigns.com
Teacher Handout 3
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Neurotransmitters Module: The Beery Twins’ Story ©
A Project-Based Learning Activity_
801A
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Teacher Notes
Next Generation Science Standards : Connections to A Framework for K-12 Science Education
Dimension 1. Scientific and Engineering Practices
1. Asking questions (for science) and defining problems (for engineering)
2. Developing and using models
4. Analyzing and interpreting data
6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering).
Dimension 2. Crosscutting Concepts
1. Patterns
2. Cause and effect: Mechanism and explanation
4. Systems and system models
6. Structure and function
7. Stability and change
Dimension 3. Disciplinary Core Ideas
Physical Science
HS-PS 1: Matter and its Interactions
HS-PS 1-6: Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce
increased amounts of products at equilibrium.
Life Science
HS-LS 1: From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes
HS-LS 1-1: Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of
proteins, which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
HS-LS 1-2: Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide
specific functions within multicellular organisms.
HS-LS 3: Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits
HS-LS 3-1: Ask questions to clarify relationship about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions
for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.
Engineering, Technology and Application of Science
HS-ETS 1: Engineering Design
HS-ETS 1-2: Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable
problems that can be solved through engineering.
HS-ETS 1-3: Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and tradeoffs that
account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural,
and environmental impacts.
HS-ETS 2: Links Among Engineering, Technology, Science, and Society
ETS 2.A: Interdependence of Science, Engineering, and Technology
ETS 2.B: Influence of Engineering, Technology, and Science on Society and the Natural World
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