Download Cellular Control miniQUIZ

Cellular Control
1.
Define the term ‘gene’.
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2.
Proteins are long chains of amino acids joined by peptide bonds and can be either
globular or fibrous. Name an example of each type.
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3.
a) Define the term ‘genetic code’.
b) Why must the genetic code be a three-letter code?
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4.
Identify the base that is found in RNA but not in DNA.
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5.
During transcription a strand of DNA is used to synthesise a complementary mRNA
sequence. Below is the sequence of DNA. Copy and complete the corresponding mRNA
sequence.
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-A C T G C G G T T A C G T A G-_____________________________6.
The diagram below represents a polynucleotide that plays an important role in
translation. Label the parts A–D.
D
A
C
B
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7.
The diagram below illustrates protein synthesis. Label five important stages in this
process.
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B
A
C
D
E
8.
State how glycogen phosphorylase is activated by cAMP.
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9.
What is a mutation?
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10. Name a genetic disease caused by a single base mutation.
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11. Beneficial mutations are rare, but are very important to increase variation. Give one
example of beneficial mutation.
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12. How does the lac repressor protein prevent transcription of the lac operon in the absence
of lactose?
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13. On the diagram of the lac operon below, label components A and B.
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Lac operon
Regulator
A
B
-galactosidase gene
14. Outline the main function of homeobox genes.
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15. Homeobox genes code for transcription factors. What do these do?
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16. The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is a key study organism in genetics.
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T1 T2
T3
Using the diagram above answer the following questions:
a) Which segment of the fruit fly develops wings?
b) Are plant homeobox genes homologous to the homeobox genes in the fruit fly?
17. Apoptosis is important during development. Define the meaning of apoptosis and give
an example.
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Total
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