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Activity Determining the Amino Acid from mRNA codon Determine how the mutation in mRNA chains below will affect the amino acid sequence. Use the genetic code to complete this exercise. RNA Sequences Example: UGU-CCG to UUG-CCG Amino Acid Sequences Cys-Pro to Cys-Pro No change in amino acid sequence a. –GGA-CGU to –GAU-CGU b. –AUC-UGC to –AUC-UGG c. –UGU-CCU-CCU to -UGU-UUC-CCU Name___________________________________________________________ Predicting Amino Acids Transcribe and Translate Molecules of DNA carry the genetic instructions for protein formation. Converting these DNA instructions into proteins requires a series of coordinated steps in transcription and translation. 1. Complete column B by writing the correct mRNA codon for each sequence of DNA bases listed in the column marked DNA Base Sequence. Use the letters A, U, C, or G 2. Identify the process responsible by writing its mane below the arrow in Column A. 3. Identify the process responsible by writing its name below the arrow in Column C. 4. Complete column D by writing the name of the correct amino acid that is coded by each base sequence. Use the mRNA genetic code table to translate the mRNA base sequences to amino acid sequences A B C D DNA base Process mRNA codon Process Amino Acid sequence ATG GGG ATT ATA GTT TTT GCT TAG AAA Analysis 1. Where within the cell: a. are the DNA instructions located? ___________________________________ b. does transcription occur? _________________________________________ c. does translation occur? ___________________________________________ 2. Describe and DRAW the structure of tRNA 3. EXPLAIN why specific base paring is essential to the process of transcription and translation. 4. What are the start codon (sequence/s) and stop codon (sequence/s)