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Cellular Organelles
2.02: Investigate and describe the
structure and function of cellular
organelles
Today
•Cells are the smallest living units.
•They are organized & specialized.
Stomach Cells
(Cells)

Stomach Tissue
(Tissue)

Stomach
(Organ)
Digestive System
 (Organ System)
The Cell Theory
1) All living things are made of cells.
2) Cells are the smallest living things.
3) All cells come from other cells
Important Scientists
• Matthias Schleiden - Concluded that all
plants are made of cells
• Theodor Schwann – Concluded that all
animals are made of cells
Organisms can be…
• Unicellular = organism is made of only 1
cell
– Bacteria
OR… Organisms can be…
• Multicellular = organism is made of many
cells
– Plants and Animals
Organisms can be…
• Prokaryotic: Simple, one-celled
organisms with no organelles (Bacteria).
• Eukaryotic: Complex cells that have
many organelles. (Most cells today!)
?? Organelles ??
Specialized parts
of cells that
perform specific
functions
“Little Organs”
Animal Cell
VS.
Plant Cell
Round in Shape
Rectangular in Shape
No Cell Wall
Has Cell Wall
Has Small Vacuole(s)
Has Large Vacuole
Has Green Chloroplasts
Organelles & Functions
• Nucleus: Controls the cells activities and holds
DNA.
(Mayor)
• Plasma Membrane: Flexible boundary that
controls what enters and leaves a cell.
(Bouncer)
• Cell Wall: Strong wall found only in plant cells that
gives extra support and protection.
(Brick Wall)
• Mitochondria: Provide power/energy to the cell.
(Power
Plant)
• Ribosomes: Site of protein
synthesis.
(Factory)
• Endoplasmic Reticulum: Serves as
the protein transport system of the cell.
– Smooth E.R.: Has no ribosomes.
– Rough E.R.: Has ribosomes.
(Highway)
• Golgi Body: Modify, package, and
sort cellular materials.
UPS
• Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis;
found only in plants. Gives them their
green color.
(Hulk)
Cytoplasm: The clear fluid of the cell
between the nucleus and cell
membrane. Holds organelles.
(Swimming Pool)
• Vacuoles: Stores water, nutrients, and
wastes for the cell.
(Pantry)
Honors:
• Centrioles: Helps animal cells divide –
not in plant cells.
• Cytoskeleton: Gives structure to
cytoplasm. Made of microfilaments (solid)
and microtubules (hollow).
• Lysosomes: Contains digestive
enzymes that break down cellular
waste.
(Garbage Truck)
• Nucleolus: Inside Nucleus;
manufactures ribosomes.
Which cell parts do these parts of a
factory represent?