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Crash Course #11 – How to Train a Brain Behaviorism: an empirically rigorous science focused on ___________________ behaviors and not unobservable _______________________ mental processes. Learning: the process of ____________________, through _____________________, new and relatively enduring information or behaviors. What is a neutral stimuli? Associative Learning: when a subject ____________ certain events, behaviors, or stimuli together in process of ___________________. Unconditioned or ________________________ response Describe the acquisition phase of conditioning: Conditioned or ____________________ response. Classical Conditioning: a type of ________________ in which one learns to link ______________ or more stimuli and anticipate events. B.F. ______________ and John B. ________________ Behaviorists argued psychology was all about ______________________ and ___________________ behavior. John B. Watson and the experiment known as ____________________ Albert. Operant Conditioning: a type of learning in which behavior is _________________ if followed by a _____________________ or diminished if followed by a _______________________. Skinner ______________________. Positive Reinforcement: a stimulus that, when presented after a response, ____________________ the response. Shaping: an ______________________ conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior towards closer and closer approximations of the ___________________ behavior. Successive Approximations: Negative Reinforcement: any stimulus that, when ___________________ after a response, _________________ the response. Negative reinforcement is not the same as ___________________. Primary Reinforcer: an __________________ reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a _________________________ need. Conditioned Reinforcer: a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a _____________________ reinforcer. Reinforcement Schedule: a _________________ that defines how often a desired ________________ will be reinforced. Define the following: o Extinction: o Partial (intermittent) reinforcement: