Download The basic unit of heredity carried

Part I Vocabulary #s 1-­‐15 is a par5al review – study all vocabulary words that are listed on PAGE 4! GENE 1) _____________________
The basic unit of heredity carried by the chromosomes; it codes for features or traits of an organism. EXTINCTION 2) _____________________
The death and disappearance of a species. FEATURE 3) _____________________
A structure, characteris>c, or behavior of an organism, such as eye coloring, fur paAern, or >ming of migra>on. TRAIT 4) _____________________
The specific expression of a feature in an individual (the actual eye color, fur paAern, or migra>on >ming). ADAPTATION 5) _____________________
Structures, characteris>cs, and behaviors that increase an organism’s chances of surviving and reproducing in a par>cular environment. CHROMOSOME 6) _____________________
Threadlike strands of DNA and protein in a cell nucleus that carry genes PHENOTYPE 7) _____________________
the set of observable characteris>cs of an individual resul>ng from the interac>on of its genotype with the environment. GENETICS 8) _____________________
The study of how traits are inherited. ARTHROPOD 9) _____________________
an invertebrate having jointed limbs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton made of chi>n. GENOTYPE 10) ____________________
the gene>c makeup of an organism with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or the en>re complex of traits. 11) _CLADE ___________________ a group of biological taxa (as species) that includes all descendants of one common ancestor HEREDITY 12) ____________________
Passing of traits from parent to offspring. 13) ____________________
NATURAL SELECTION The process by which individuals of a popula>on, best adapted to their environment, tend to survive and pass their traits to subsequent genera>ons. ALLELE 14) ____________________
varia>ons of genes that determine traits; two of these are needed to make a gene – one from each parent. FOSSIL 15) _____________________
A remnant or trace of an organism of a past geologic age, such as a skeleton or leaf imprint, embedded and preserved in a rock. a) Behavioral, b) Structural 16) Name the type of adapta>on (RA1): a) sea oAers wrap themselves floa>ng fronds of kelp during >dal surges, b) sea oAers have thick fur Is a trait always an adapta5on? a) feature b) trait 17) Does the following statements describe features or a traits: a) a hawk has wings b) some giraffes have long necks (Quiz 1) When the weather turns cold they migrate south. 18) List one behavioral adapta>on of caribou (RA1) They have spines (spikes) which are photosynthe5c 19) What adapta>on do barrel cactus have to protect the stored water they carry in their stems? RA 1 Physiological -­‐ func5onal adapta5on (structural) 20) What type of adapta>on is represented by this statement: “a bee’s ability to change to transform nectar into honey”. Gregor Mendel 21) He founded the new science of gene>cs. (Notes) What Mendel called “factors” we call __ Traits, parent, dominant, recessive 22) Mendel’s experiments uncovered two new principles in the science of gene>cs: 1) Two factors determine __. Once factor comes from each __. 2) Factors can be __ or __. (RA2) Natural Selec5on 23) When the bio>c and /or abio>c environment changes, it places selec>ve pressure on organisms in that environment. The genes of the survivors are passed to the next genera>on, and with them the adap>ve traits. That’s __ __. (RA3) Short legs, solid or spo^ed fur 24) What Larkey traits were most important for survival when the Larkeys were forced to move from their mountain environment to a forest? (Com. Lab Natural Selec>on) Shortage of algae on rocks above water 25) What selec>ve pressure caused land iguanas to evolve into marine (sea) iguanas over many genera>ons? (Voyage to the Galapagos Islands). Varia5on, Inheritance, Selec5on, Time 26) In dog breeding, what are the four requirements of ar>ficial selec>on/selec>ve breeding = VIST 27) List three (of five) basic characteris>cs of Arthropods. Jaws and Lungs 28) What two features separate the Hagfish from the Salamander on this cladogram? The Pigeon (they share three characteris5cs) 29) What animal is most closely related to the Lizard? 30) List impossible traits (if any) Long legs, Striped fur 31) Feature
appendage
eye
fur
tail
Genotype
Aa
Ee
FF
Tt
Phenotype
Short
Red
Striped
Bushy
32) Place the correct word or term in the provided box. Chromosome Gene Nucleus Allele !