Download 中原大學 95 學年度 碩士班入學考試

中原大學 95 學年度碩士班入學考試
3 月 18 日 16:00~17:30 心理系臨床組
誠實是我們珍視的美德，
我們喜愛「拒絕作弊，堅守正直」的你！
科目： 普通心理學
（共 五 頁第 一 頁）
■不可使用計算機 一律作答於答案卷 不可答題於本試題卷
Part l
Multiple Choice (50%)
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The view that individuals are motivated by a tendency toward growth and self-actualization
would characterize which field of psychology?
a. psychoanalytic
b. cognitive
c. biological
d. subjectivist
2. A __________ psychologist is most likely to be involved in research on the importance of a
strong network of friends for emotional support during times of stress.
a. biological
b. social
c. personality
d. clinical
3. Samantha is on a team of psychologists at a computer manufacturer. If she is a human factors
psychologist, her job may involve
a. use data on human performance to design keyboards for minimum errors.
b. recommend the right people for certain jobs in this company.
c. study the social interactions between line workers and supervisors.
d. use sophisticated instruments to predict the behavior of assembly line robots.
4. An experiment is performed to see if background music improves reading comprehension.
Two groups study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music.
Both groups then take a reading comprehension test. The independent variable is
a. reading comprehension.
b. the time delay between reading the material and taking the test.
c. the presence or absence of music.
d. the material studied.
5. Michael recorded the number of salmon leaving the lake to spawn in the small stream near his
house for each of 5 spawning seasons. His work used ________ method.
a. observational
b. correlational
c. survey
d. consentual
科目： 普通心理學
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6. Depolarization in an axon's membrane
a. makes it unable to send or receive neural impulses.
b. restores the axon to its resting state voltage.
c. occurs immediately after an action potential.
d. may generate an action potential.
7. Tom says neural impulses travel across the fluid-filled gap between neurons much like the
spark plug in an automobile. Arthur agrees, but says the process of sending this electrical
neural impulse between nerves occurs much faster in the nervous system than in an
automobile. Kristina says they're both wrong, the impulse between two neurons is a chemical
process, not an electrical one. Who is correct?
a. Tom
b. Arthur
c. Kristina
d. Tom and Arthur
8. Most normal human cells contain 46
a. genes.
b. pairs of chromosomes.
c. segments of DNA.
d. chromosomes.
9. Since you know that Arthur and Jeannie are fraternal twins, you also know that they
a. are monozygotic twins.
b. are more genetically similar than non-twin siblings.
c. differ genetically only in the 23rd pair of chromosomes.
d. are no more genetically similar than non-twin siblings.
10. The "nature" component of the "nature-nurture" question refers to
a. our genetic endowment.
b. the environment in which we are raised.
c. a combination of genetics and the environment.
d. the personality tendencies that we acquire as we age.
11. The quality of day care program that a child receives will influence their
a. social development.
b. language development.
c. thinking abilities.
d. all of the above.
科目： 普通心理學
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12. When presented with these diagonal lines: \\ \\, you tend to see two pairs of lines rather than a
set of four lines. This experience illustrates the __________ principle.
a. closure
b. continuity
c. proximity
d. similarity
13. On a clear, moonless night, we can track the motion of an airplane across the sky and perceive
the plane as following a smooth continuous motion because
a. information about motor movement of the eyes is integrated with visual input in the
cortex.
b. motion detectors become more sensitive when stimulation is limited.
c. we can perceive motion of objects in the absence of background activity only for light
objects against a dark field.
d. more than one of the above is correct.
14. Simple, complex, and hypercomplex cells are
a. responsive to lines of particular orientations.
b. the building blocks of shape perception.
c. collectively called feature detectors.
d. all of the above.
15. You are placed in a dark room. A circle of light is shown on a screen, and begins to
alternately increase and decrease in size. According to the principle of size constancy, you
would expect to perceive it as __________ each cycle.
a. changing speed from fast to slow
b. approaching and then moving away with
c. growing brighter and dimmer with
d. changing hue from more red to more blue
16. The receiver in the ganzfeld procedure
a. is placed in an acoustically isolated room.
b. has limited visual input.
c. wears headphones playing "white noise."
d. All of the above are correct.
17. When your behavior changes due to your experiences, you are showing what important
psychological principle?
a. conditioning
b. learning
c. environmental associations
d. behavioral cueing
科目： 普通心理學
（共 五 頁第 四 頁）
18. Ethologists challenge the basic assumption of behaviorism that
a. human learning is based on associations.
b. learning of rats is influenced by reward and punishment.
c. learning is best understood by studying internal associations.
d. laws of learning are the same for all organisms.
19. A common measure of operant strength is the
a. number of trials during acquisition.
b. number of responses during a given time period.
c. strength of association with food rewards.
d. complexity of the operant behavior.
20. Transfer of information from WORKING to LTM may require rehearsal; however
a. rehearsal does not necessarily transfer information to long-term memory.
b. words presented first and last in a long list are most likely to be recalled.
c. serial searches take longer as the list of items to be searched gets longer.
d. connectionist theories do not account for interference in long-term memory.
21. If you visited the old neighborhood where you grew up, you might recall events and other
memories from many years earlier. The cues to memory stimulation here are
a. state-dependent.
b. external context.
c. internal context.
d. eidetic imagery.
22. A woman with anterograde amnesia would be least likely to recall
a. her name.
b. the name of her childhood hometown.
c. how to ride a bicycle.
d. the name of the new car she just saw advertised in a magazine.
23. Some students complain that they spend many hours reading and re-reading their text chapters,
underlining bold-faced words, and copying notes word-for-word from the text, but still fail
exams. What advice would you offer to these students to more likely ensure their success?
a. These different methods are causing confusion, stick to only one method, preferably
underlining or highlighting.
b. Re-read and review your notes at least twice a day for a week before each exam.
c. Read each chapter in its entirety before taking any notes from the text.
d. Ask yourself questions about the text information, make notes in your own words and
organize them hierarchically.
科目： 普通心理學
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24. Categories of speech sounds are known as
a. glyphs.
b. morphemes.
c. autonemes.
d. phonemes.
25. Research assessing language acquisition
a. suggests that children learn associations between sounds, not rules of a language.
b. reading accounts for the ability to make different connections to similar sounds.
c. may account for most cases of language acquisition.
d. All of the above are true.
Part ll
Essay Questions (50%)
ㄧ、What do psychologists study gender and culture differences in emotion?(25%)
二、What role does constructive memory play in the legal system?(25%)