Download Biological Level of Analysis

Biological Level of Analysis
LO
S or E
Question
Year
Outline/Explain how principles that define the biological
SAQ
Explain how one BLOA
principle/one example of research
One BLOA Principle one piece
of research
One BLOA principle
One BLOA principle
Discuss why two particular
research methods are used at the
biological level of analysis.
Discuss ONE method
Discuss TWO methods
Discuss how and why
Discuss two or more
Ethical considerations one
study
Describe one study related to
localization of function in the
brain.
Explain how one study
demonstrates localization of
function in the brain.
Describe one study related to
localisation of brain function
(8)
Describe one study related to
localisation of brain function
(8)
Outline two effects of
neurotransmission on
behaviour
Explain how one or more
affect behaviour
Describe the Function of one
hormone in human behaviour
Explain how one hormone
influences human behaviour.
[8 marks]
Discuss one or more effects of the
environment on one or more
physiological processes.
Nov 2016
level of analysis may be demonstrated in research (that is,
theories and/or studies)
Discuss how and why particular research methods are
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
ERQ
used at the biological level of analysis (for example,
experiments, observations, correlational studies)
Discuss ethical considerations related to research studies
at the biological level of analysis
Explain one study related to localization of function in the
brain (for example Wernicke, Broca, Gazzaniga and
Sperry)
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
Using one or more examples, explain effects of
SAQ
neurotransmission on human behaviour (for example, the
effect of noradrenaline on depression)
Using one or more examples, explain functions of two
hormones in human behaviour
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
Discuss two effects of the environment on physiological
processes (for example, the effects of jet lag on bodily
rhythms, effects of deprivation on neuroplasticity, effects
of environmental stressors on reproductive mechanisms)
Examine one interaction between cognition and
physiology in terms of behaviour (for example, agnosia,
anosognosia, prosapagnosia, amnesia). Evaluate two
relevant studies
Discuss the use of brain imaging technologies at the
BLOA (for example, CAT, PET, fMRI) in investigating the
relationship between biological factors and behaviour
With reference to relevant research studies, to what extent
does genetic inheritance influence behaviour?
Examine one evolutionary explanation of behaviour
ERQ
SAQ
ERQ
ERQ
Time
Zone
May 2014
TZ2
May 2012
Nov 2012
May 2015
TZ1
Nov 2014
May 2013
Nov 2011
May 2016
Nov 2013
TZ1
TZ2
TZ2
Nov 2015
SAMs
May 2013
TZ1
May 2012
TZ2
May 2013
TZ2
Nov 2011
May 2016
TZ2/TZ1
May 2011
TZ1 and 2
Nov 2015
May 2014
May 2013
May 2016
TZ1
TZ1
TZ1
ERQ
May 2012
TZ2
ERQ
May 2014
TZ2
May 2015
TZ2
May 2011
Nov 2013
Nov 2016
TZ2
SAMs
Nov 2012
Nov 2014
May 2015
n/a
n/a
n/a
TZ2/1
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
SAQ
SAQ
Two effects
Interaction between cognition
and physiology in terms of
behaviour
Discuss the use of brain imaging
technology in investigating the
relationship between biological
factors and behaviour.
Evaluate two
To what extent does genetic
inheritance influence behaviour?
Describe one evolutionary
explanation of one behaviour.
Discuss ethical considerations in research into genetic
influences on behaviour
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
Discuss ethical considerations
related to research conducted
into genetic influences
on behaviour.
May 2014
May 2012
May 2011
TZ1
TZ1
TZ 1
Cognitive Level of Analysis
LO
Outline/explain principles that define the
SAQ or
ERQ
SAQ
Question
Year
Time
Zone
TZ1
One principle of CLOA
May 2016
SAQ
TWO
Nov 2011
SAQ
Outline two principles that
define CLOA [8 marks
Explain ONE in One
study/theory
Explain why one particular research
method is used at the cognitive
level of analysis.
Nov 2014
n/a
May 2013
TZ1/TZ2
May 2015
TZ2
ERQ
Discuss how and why one
particular research method is used
at the cognitive level of analysis.
Nov 2015
ERQ
How and why TWO
Nov 2012
ERQ
Discuss two ethical considerations
related to research studies at the
cognitive level of analysis
Describe one ethical consideration
related to one research study at the
cognitive level of analysis.
Describe one ethical
consideration related to one
research study at the cognitive
level of analysis
May 2015
May 2012
TZ1/2
Describe one research study
which has investigated schema
theory
Describe one research study
which has investigated schema
theory
Outline and evaluate with
studies
May 2016
TZ2
May 2011
TZ 1
cognitive level of analysis (for example, mental
representations guide behaviour, mental
processes can be scientifically investigated)
SAQ
Discuss how and why particular research
methods are used at the cognitive level of
analysis (for example, experiments, observations,
interviews)
Discuss ethical considerations related to research
SAQ
studies at the cognitive level of analysis
SAQ
SAQ
Evaluate schema theory with reference to
research studies
SAQ
SAQ
ERQ
Evaluate two models or theories of one cognitive
process (for example, memory, perception,
language, decision-making) with reference to
research studies
Explain how biological factors may affect one
cognitive process (for example, Alzheimer’s
disease, brain damage, sleep deprivation).
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
SAQ
SAQ
Discuss how social or cultural factors affect one
cognitive process (for example, education,
carpentered world hypothesis, effect of video
SAQ
SAQ
Describe how one biological factor
may affect one cognitive process,
with reference to one research
study
One study one bio factor
SAQ
Describe how one social or cultural
factor affects one cognitive process.
To what extent do social or
cultural factors affect one
cognitive process? [22 marks]
Discuss
To what extent is one cognitive
process reliable? [22 marks]
Explain
ERQ
Discuss the use of technology in
ERQ
games on attention).
With reference to relevant research studies, to
what extent is one cognitive process reliable (for
example, reconstructive memory,
perception/visual illusions, decisionmaking/heuristics)?
Discuss the use of technology in investigating
One theory or model
One model
TWO
ERQ
ERQ
TZ2
Nov 2015
Nov 2011
May 2014
May 2016
May 2014
May 2012
TZ1
TZ1
TZ2
TZ2
Nov 2016
May 2014
TZ1 and
TZ2
Nov 2012
May 2015
TZ1
May 2011
TZ 1
Nov 2013
May 2011
TZ2
Nov 2013
May 2015
TZ1
cognitive processes (for example, MRI (magnetic
resonance imaging) scans in memory research,
fMRI scans in decision-making research).
To what extent do cognitive and biological factors
interact in emotion (for example, two factor
theory, arousal theory, Lazarus’ theory of
appraisal)?
Evaluate one theory of how emotion may affect
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
one cognitive process (for example, state
dependent memory, flashbulb memory, affective
filters)
SAQ
ERQ
investigating one cognitive process.
Discuss the use of technology in
investigating one cognitive
process (22)
Discuss how cog and bio interact in
emotion
Discuss how cognitive and biology
factors interact in emotion
Evaluate one theory of how
emotion may affect one
cognitive process.
Outline one theory of how
emotion may affect one
cognitive process. [8 marks]
Evaluate
May 2012
TZ2
May 2016
TZ2
November
2014
Nov 2016
May 2011
TZ2
May 2013
TZ1/TZ2
Socio-Cultural Level of Analysis
LO
Outline/Explain how principles that
define the sociocultural level of
analysis may be demonstrated in
research (that is, theories and/or
studies)
Discuss how and why particular
research methods are used at the
sociocultural level of analysis (for
example, participant/naturalistic
observation, interviews, case studies)
SAQ or ERQ
SAQ
Question
Outline how one principle that defines the
sociocultural level of analysis has been
demonstrated in one example of research
(theory or study).
Year
Nov 2015
Time Zone
SAQ
Outline how one principle that define the
sociocultural level of analysis has been
demonstrated in one example of research
(8)
May 2012
TZ2
May 2014
Nov 2016
TZ1
SAQ
May 2012
TZ1
ERQ
Nov 2013
SAQ
ERQ
Discuss ethical considerations
related to research studies at the
sociocultural level of analysis
ERQ
Describe the role of situational and
dispositional factors in explaining
behaviour.
Discuss two errors of
attribution (for example, fundamental
attribution error, illusory correlation,
self-serving bias).
SAQ
Evaluate social identity theory,
making reference to relevant
studies.
SAQ
Explain the formation of
stereotypes and their effect on
behaviour
Discuss the use of compliance
techniques (for example, low-balling,
Discuss two or more ethical considerations
related to one or more research studies at the
sociocultural level of analysis.
ERQ
SAQ
ERQ
SAQ
Role of situational and dispositional
factors
Dsicuss 2 errors of att
Outline two errors in attribution
ERQ
Outline social identity theory with reference
to one relevant study. [8]
ERQ
ERQ
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
Explain social learning theory,
making reference to two relevant
studies
Discuss why two particular research methods
are used to investigate behaviour at the
sociocultural level of analysis.
SAQ
SAQ
SAQ
ERQ
May 2015
TZ1
November
2012
May 2016
TZ1
May 2013
May 2016
May 2011
TZ 1
TZ2
TZ1
May 2014
TZ1
May 2015
TZ2/1
Nov 2011
Explain one theory or study on the
formation of stereotypes [8 marks]
Describe one theory or study on the
formation of stereotypes [8 marks]
Effect on behaviour
Describe social learning theory with reference
to one relevant study.
With ref to one study
Examine the use of two compliance
techniques.
May 2013
May 2016
TZ2
TZ2
May 2011
TZ2
May 2014
TZ2
Nov 2016
Nov 2011
Nov 2014
May 2015
TZ2
TZ1
foot-in-the-door, reciprocity)
SAQ
ERQ
Nov 2013
May 2012
Evaluate research on conformity to
group norms
Discuss factors influencing
ERQ
ERQ
ERQ
May 2012
Nov 2014
May 2016
TZ2
ERQ
May 2011
ERQ
May 2014
TZ1 and
TZ2
TZ2
conformity (for example, culture,
groupthink, risky shift, minority
influence)
Define the terms “culture” and
“cultural norms”
Examine the role of two cultural
dimensions on behaviour (for
ERQ
SAQ
Two or more factors that affect
conformity
Discuss the role of one cultural dimension on
human behaviour
TZ1
Nov 2015
May 2013
TZ2
example, individualism/collectivism,
power distance, uncertainty avoidance,
Confucian dynamism,
masculinity/femininity).
Using one or more examples,
explain “emic” and “etic”
concepts.
ERQ
May 2013
SAQ
November
2012
TZ1
Abnormal
LO
To what extent do
biological, cognitive and
sociocultural factors
influence abnormal
behaviour?
Question
Year
Nov 2014
2. Examine how one or more biological factor(s) influence either one specific anxiety
disorder or one specific eating disorder.
3. Discuss how biological and sociocultural factors influence one anxiety, affective or
eating disorder.
May 2012
Nov 2015
4.
Evaluate psychological
research (that is,
theories and/or studies)
relevant to the study of
abnormal behaviour
Examine the concepts of
normality and
abnormality
Discuss validity and
reliability of diagnosis
May 2011
1.
Nov 2011
2.
Describe psychological research (theories and/or studies) relevant to diagnosis.
Evaluate the psychological research (theories and/or studies) relevant to
diagnosis that you have described.
Discuss one theory or study relevant to the study of abnormal behaviour.
1.
2.
Discuss concepts of normality and abnormality.
Discuss concepts of abnormality.
May 2014
Nov 2013
1.
2.
Discuss validity and reliability of diagnosis
Describe psychological research (theories and/or studies) relevant to diagnosis.
Evaluate the psychological research (theories and/or studies) relevant to
diagnosis that you have described.
May 2012
Nov 2011
May 2015
Nov 2015
Discuss cultural and
ethical considerations in
diagnosis (for example,
cultural variation,
stigmatization)
Describe symptoms and
prevalence of uni-polar
depression
Analyse the aetiology of
uni-polar depression
Describe symptoms and
prevalence of anorexia
nervosa
Analyse the aetiology of
anorexia nervosa
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Discuss ethical considerations in diagnosis.
Discuss ethical considerations in diagnosis.
Discuss cultural and ethical considerations in diagnosis.
Discuss cultural and ethical considerations in diagnosis.
Discuss one or more cultural considerations in diagnosis.
May 2016
Nov 2013
May 2013
May 2011
May 2015
Outline symptoms of one anxiety, affective or eating disorder.
To what extent do cognitive factors influence the etiology of the disorder that you have outlined?
Nov 2012
Examine how one or more biological factor(s) influence either one specific anxiety disorder
or one specific eating disorder.
May 2012
Nov 2015
Discuss cultural
variations and gender
variations in prevalence
of disorders
Examine biomedical,
individual and group
approaches to treatment
Evaluate the use of
treatments for one
specific disorder: unipolar depression
1.
Discuss gender variations in the prevalence of one or more
disorders
May 2016
Nov 2014
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
Discuss cultural variations in the prevalence of psychological disorders.
Discuss gender variations in the prevalence of disorders.
Discuss cultural variations in the prevalence of one affective or eating disorder.
Evaluate one individual (psychological, not biomedical) approach to treatment
for one disorder.
2. Evaluate the use of one or more biomedical approaches to the treatment of one
disorder.
3. Evaluate the use of group approaches to treatment of one anxiety, affective or eating
disorder.
4. Compare and contrast individual and group approaches to treatment.
Compare and contrast one biomedical and one individual approach to treatment.
Contrast two approaches to the treatment of one disorder.
Compare and contrast two approaches to the treatment of one
disorder.
Contrast the use of biomedical and individual approaches to the treatment of one disorder.
May 2014
May 2013
Nov 2012
May 2014
Nov 2012
May 2012
Nov 2011
May 2011
Nov 2013
May 2016
May 2015
Discuss the use of
eclectic approaches to
treatment
Discuss the relationship
between etiology and
therapeutic approach
Nov 2014
Evaluate the use of eclectic approaches to treatment.
May 2013
For one affective or eating disorder, discuss the relationship between etiology and
therapeutic approach.
Nov 2011
Health Psychology
LO
To what extent do biological,
cognitive and sociocultural
factors influence health-related
behaviour
Question
1. To what extent do sociocultural factors influence health-related
behaviour (stress, substance abuse, addictive behaviour, overeating
and/or obesity)?
2. To what extent do biological factors influence health-related
behaviour?
3.
4.
Evaluate psychological research
(that is, theories and/or studies)
relevant to health psychology
1.
To what extent do sociocultural factors influence health-related
behaviour?
“Lifestyle is an important factor in people’s health.” With
reference to this statement, discuss sociocultural factors related
to the development of obesity.
Evaluate two examples of psychological research (theories
and/or studies) related to physiological and/or psychological
aspects of stress.
Year
May 2016
May 2014
Nov 2013
Nov 2011
Nov 2011
Nov 2015
Describe stressors
Discuss physiological,
psychological and social
aspects of stress
2
Outline two stressors.
May 2012
1.
Discuss physiological and psychological
aspects of stress.
May 2016
2.
Discuss physiological and social aspects of stress.
May 2014
Nov 2014
3.
4.
5.
Evaluate strategies for coping
with stress (for example, stress
inoculation therapy, hardiness
training, yoga and meditation)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain factors related to the
development of substance
abuse or addictive behaviour
Examine prevention strategies
and treatments for substance
abuse and addictive behaviour
(for example, Alcoholics
Anonymous, family therapy,
drugs and biopsychosocial
treatments)
5.
1.
1.
2.
6.
Explain two or more factors related to the development of
substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour.
May 2015
Evaluate two treatments for substance abuse and/or addictive
behaviour.
Discuss two prevention strategies for substance abuse or
addictive behaviour.
May 2016
Nov 2013
May 2013
May 2012
May 2011
Nov 2015
May 2014
Evaluate two treatments for substance abuse or addictive
behaviour.
Evaluate one treatment for substance abuse or addictive
behaviour.
Discuss prevention strategies or treatments for addictive
behaviour.
May 2013
May 2012
Nov 2011
Nov 2014
1.
2.
3.
Discuss prevention strategies
Nov 2012
Nov 2011
Nov 2014
3.
4.
5.
Discuss factors related to
overeating and the
development of obesity
Discuss physiological and psychological aspects of stress.
Evaluate two examples of psychological research (theories
and/or studies) related to physiological and/or psychological
aspects of stress.
Evaluate two strategies for coping with stress.
Discuss one or more strategies used for coping with stress.
Outline two stressors.
Evaluate one strategy for coping with stress.
Evaluate two strategies for coping with stress.
1.
“Lifestyle is an important factor in people’s health.” With
reference to this statement, discuss sociocultural factors related
to the development of obesity.
Discuss two or more factors related to overeating and the
development of obesity.
Evaluate one treatment for obesity.
Nov 2011
May 2011
Nov 2012
and treatments for overeating
and obesity
2.
Discuss one prevention strategy for obesity.
3.
Evaluate two treatments for overeating and/or
obesity.
May 2012
May 2015
Nov 2015
Examine models and theories of
health promotion (for example,
health belief model, stages of
change model, theory of
reasoned action)
Discuss the effectiveness of
health promotion strategies (for
example, measurement of
outcomes, cultural blindness,
cognitive dissonance)
4.
Discuss two models and/or theories related to health promotion.
Evaluate one model or theory of health promotion.
Evaluate one model or theory of health promotion.
Nov 2013
May 2013
May 2011
1.
Discuss the effectiveness of one health promotion strategy.
Nov 2012
2.
Discuss the effectiveness of one or more health promotion
strategies.
May 2015