How Do We Know That We Know? The Accessibility Model
... Question 3 involves relating accuracy to process: An adequate process model of FOK must not only specify the determinants of FOK judgments but it must also indicate how the processes leading to FOK can account for both the success and failure of FOK in monitoring subsequent memory performance. Most ...
... Question 3 involves relating accuracy to process: An adequate process model of FOK must not only specify the determinants of FOK judgments but it must also indicate how the processes leading to FOK can account for both the success and failure of FOK in monitoring subsequent memory performance. Most ...
Updating Empiricist Mentalist Semantics
... Artificial Intelligence at Utrecht University after obtaining my bachelor’s degree in computer science, and this really stimulated my interest in science and philosophy. By the time I embarked on the project of writing a master’s thesis there were several candidate subjects on my mind; ‘meaning’ was ...
... Artificial Intelligence at Utrecht University after obtaining my bachelor’s degree in computer science, and this really stimulated my interest in science and philosophy. By the time I embarked on the project of writing a master’s thesis there were several candidate subjects on my mind; ‘meaning’ was ...
and Reflective Learning Practices
... from my reading of a selection of writings on refieetive praetiees edited by Boud, Keogh, and Walker (1985a). Experiential leaming theorists invariably aeknowledge the importanee of holistic leaming processes and the importanee of not neglecting feelings and emotions alongside rational proeesses (Bo ...
... from my reading of a selection of writings on refieetive praetiees edited by Boud, Keogh, and Walker (1985a). Experiential leaming theorists invariably aeknowledge the importanee of holistic leaming processes and the importanee of not neglecting feelings and emotions alongside rational proeesses (Bo ...
Looking Through the Lens of Individual Differences: Relationships
... The study of individual differences in cognitive abilities and personality traits has the potential to inform our understanding of how the processing mechanisms underlying different behaviors are organized. In the current set of studies, we applied an individual-differences approach to the study of ...
... The study of individual differences in cognitive abilities and personality traits has the potential to inform our understanding of how the processing mechanisms underlying different behaviors are organized. In the current set of studies, we applied an individual-differences approach to the study of ...
Cognitive Concepts of Craving - CE
... fundamental motive for AOD use in the addict. Conversely, cognitive approaches consider craving the product of higher order mental functions. Thus, from the cognitive perspective, craving is not a primitive motivational state but a complex, multidimensional process that reflects how AOD-relevant inf ...
... fundamental motive for AOD use in the addict. Conversely, cognitive approaches consider craving the product of higher order mental functions. Thus, from the cognitive perspective, craving is not a primitive motivational state but a complex, multidimensional process that reflects how AOD-relevant inf ...
Memory
... – Strategies—the use of mental activities to improve the processing of information—improve in these areas: • Organization: More likely to be used by older children and adults. • Elaboration: Adolescents are more likely to use elaboration spontaneously than children. • Imagery: Encouraging children t ...
... – Strategies—the use of mental activities to improve the processing of information—improve in these areas: • Organization: More likely to be used by older children and adults. • Elaboration: Adolescents are more likely to use elaboration spontaneously than children. • Imagery: Encouraging children t ...
Can the meaning of multiple words be integrated unconsciously?
... Mounting evidence suggests that unconscious cognition is very powerful. Brainimaging studies have revealed subliminal information processing in many different brain areas, from low-level perceptual regions up to ‘executive’ areas in the prefrontal cortex [1,2]. To illustrate, recently, we have teste ...
... Mounting evidence suggests that unconscious cognition is very powerful. Brainimaging studies have revealed subliminal information processing in many different brain areas, from low-level perceptual regions up to ‘executive’ areas in the prefrontal cortex [1,2]. To illustrate, recently, we have teste ...
The Higher-Order Approach to Consciousness
... I do not think so. The natural thing to do at this point is to identify the episode of phenomenal conscious with the HOT itself while still identifying the conscious mental state as the target of the HOT. The HOT is the state in virtue of which there is something that it is like for one to have the ...
... I do not think so. The natural thing to do at this point is to identify the episode of phenomenal conscious with the HOT itself while still identifying the conscious mental state as the target of the HOT. The HOT is the state in virtue of which there is something that it is like for one to have the ...
Biological Level of Analysis
... Evaluate two models or theories of one cognitive process (for example, memory, perception, language, decision-making) with reference to research studies Explain how biological factors may affect one cognitive process (for example, Alzheimer’s disease, brain damage, sleep deprivation). ...
... Evaluate two models or theories of one cognitive process (for example, memory, perception, language, decision-making) with reference to research studies Explain how biological factors may affect one cognitive process (for example, Alzheimer’s disease, brain damage, sleep deprivation). ...
Psychology 100.18
... • 1% of women at age forty who participate in routine screening have breast cancer. 80% of women with breast cancer will get positive results. 9.6% of women without breast cancer will also get positive results. A woman in this age group had a positive mammography in a routine screening. What is the ...
... • 1% of women at age forty who participate in routine screening have breast cancer. 80% of women with breast cancer will get positive results. 9.6% of women without breast cancer will also get positive results. A woman in this age group had a positive mammography in a routine screening. What is the ...
Spontaneous default mode network phase
... subjective appraisals of performance under stereotype threat. If stereotype threat promotes greater vigilance to performance errors and a more negative interpretation of performance as reviewed above, then even in circumstances where performance is not actually impaired, one’s subjective appraisal a ...
... subjective appraisals of performance under stereotype threat. If stereotype threat promotes greater vigilance to performance errors and a more negative interpretation of performance as reviewed above, then even in circumstances where performance is not actually impaired, one’s subjective appraisal a ...
Neural activity predicts attitude change in cognitive dissonance
... specifically reduce the negative affect5–7. When participants in control groups are able to attribute their counter-attitudinal behavior to payment2 or coercion3,9–11, or when the counter-attitudinal behavior has no realworld consequences10,12, conflict between behavior and prior attitudes is reduc ...
... specifically reduce the negative affect5–7. When participants in control groups are able to attribute their counter-attitudinal behavior to payment2 or coercion3,9–11, or when the counter-attitudinal behavior has no realworld consequences10,12, conflict between behavior and prior attitudes is reduc ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... Northridge, CA). The maximum intensity of the stimuli was 84 dB SPL (sound pressure level) at the headphones and the scanning sounds were confined within the inter-stimulus interval by using a clustered volume acquisition sequence. A similar sound delivery system was used in our previous imaging stu ...
... Northridge, CA). The maximum intensity of the stimuli was 84 dB SPL (sound pressure level) at the headphones and the scanning sounds were confined within the inter-stimulus interval by using a clustered volume acquisition sequence. A similar sound delivery system was used in our previous imaging stu ...
Dialogue Games for Inconsistent and Biased Information
... Our objective is to show that in dialogue games inconsistent and biased information can be dealt with consistently. To do this, we introduce truthvalues from bilattice structures [8,6] in all aspects of the dialogue game. As a result, the cognitive state of the agent can be formulated as a set of mu ...
... Our objective is to show that in dialogue games inconsistent and biased information can be dealt with consistently. To do this, we introduce truthvalues from bilattice structures [8,6] in all aspects of the dialogue game. As a result, the cognitive state of the agent can be formulated as a set of mu ...
Associationism
... response’ (CR). The associative learning here is learning to form new stimulus-response pairs between the bell and the salivation.8 Classical conditioning is a fairly circumscribed process. It is a ‘stimulus substitution’ paradigm where one stimulus can be swapped for another to provoke a response. ...
... response’ (CR). The associative learning here is learning to form new stimulus-response pairs between the bell and the salivation.8 Classical conditioning is a fairly circumscribed process. It is a ‘stimulus substitution’ paradigm where one stimulus can be swapped for another to provoke a response. ...
1 How Bayesian statistics are needed to determine whether mental
... Devils have one of the strongest bites amongst land mammals, so if you lower your hand down to pet the little fellow, the bite could go through your finger bones like butter. In fact, if you put your hand in the box and a devil is in it, there is a good chance that your hand will be left with only f ...
... Devils have one of the strongest bites amongst land mammals, so if you lower your hand down to pet the little fellow, the bite could go through your finger bones like butter. In fact, if you put your hand in the box and a devil is in it, there is a good chance that your hand will be left with only f ...
Dimensions of integration in embedded and extended cognitive
... and powerful in problem-solving than an embodied agent without such artifacts. 2 “Brains like ours need media, objects, and other people to function fully as minds” (Sutton 2010, p. 205). On a complementarity view, artifacts or other resources do not just augment existing brain functions by external ...
... and powerful in problem-solving than an embodied agent without such artifacts. 2 “Brains like ours need media, objects, and other people to function fully as minds” (Sutton 2010, p. 205). On a complementarity view, artifacts or other resources do not just augment existing brain functions by external ...
Topographic cues of nanoscale height direct neuronal growth pattern
... Figure 4C a sibling branch of the same neuron as from Figure 4B crosses the ridge with no effect on its growth direction. We consider a neuronal process as in Figure 4B an ‘‘affected process’’ and a process such as in Figure 4C a ‘‘non-affected process’’ (see also schematic drawing in Fig. 5A). It i ...
... Figure 4C a sibling branch of the same neuron as from Figure 4B crosses the ridge with no effect on its growth direction. We consider a neuronal process as in Figure 4B an ‘‘affected process’’ and a process such as in Figure 4C a ‘‘non-affected process’’ (see also schematic drawing in Fig. 5A). It i ...
A Public Scientific Method: Introspection - Philsci
... According to Goldman, then, introspecting subjects are observers gathering data, which they convey through introspective reports. Psychologists exploit introspection, in Goldman’s opinion, by taking the data collected by each introspecting subject and using them to test their hypotheses. But then, p ...
... According to Goldman, then, introspecting subjects are observers gathering data, which they convey through introspective reports. Psychologists exploit introspection, in Goldman’s opinion, by taking the data collected by each introspecting subject and using them to test their hypotheses. But then, p ...
Student Questions/Comments
... 1. Katz discusses how attitude adjustment is either a means for reaching the desired goal or avoiding the undesirable one. This implies that attitude change is a cognitive process. Chen and Bargh, show how automatic attitude activation appears to have behavioural consequences, in that participants e ...
... 1. Katz discusses how attitude adjustment is either a means for reaching the desired goal or avoiding the undesirable one. This implies that attitude change is a cognitive process. Chen and Bargh, show how automatic attitude activation appears to have behavioural consequences, in that participants e ...
High-Level Perception, Representation, and
... representation? Even if we have determined precisely which data are relevant, and we have determined the desired framework for the representation—a frame-based representation, for instance—we still face the problem of organizing the data into the representational form in a useful way. The data do n ...
... representation? Even if we have determined precisely which data are relevant, and we have determined the desired framework for the representation—a frame-based representation, for instance—we still face the problem of organizing the data into the representational form in a useful way. The data do n ...
Conscious Perceptual Experience as Representational Self-Prompting John Dilworth
... Norman and Shallice, 1986; Shiffrin and Schneider, 1977). Sampling or monitoring of the non-conscious perceptual data is needed, to check on potential relevance to current plans. Not all monitored data become conscious, because only some of them are relevant to current plans. Nor does relevance to a ...
... Norman and Shallice, 1986; Shiffrin and Schneider, 1977). Sampling or monitoring of the non-conscious perceptual data is needed, to check on potential relevance to current plans. Not all monitored data become conscious, because only some of them are relevant to current plans. Nor does relevance to a ...
Human Economic Choice as Costly Information Processing
... ambiguous option the probabilities of the outcomes are not known by the subject. For example, the deterministic outcomes of a risky gamble can be $ 10 and $ 50, with no statement of the chances of those outcomes. This leaves open the possibility of a lottery ranging from a 0% chance at $ 10 to a 10 ...
... ambiguous option the probabilities of the outcomes are not known by the subject. For example, the deterministic outcomes of a risky gamble can be $ 10 and $ 50, with no statement of the chances of those outcomes. This leaves open the possibility of a lottery ranging from a 0% chance at $ 10 to a 10 ...
Neural predictors of evaluative attitudes toward
... Attitudes comprise our evaluations of an object, a place, an idea, another person or oneself: which are good or bad, which do we want to approach or avoid? Attitudes influence a wide range of human behaviors ranging from everyday social interactions with other people, health behavior and political b ...
... Attitudes comprise our evaluations of an object, a place, an idea, another person or oneself: which are good or bad, which do we want to approach or avoid? Attitudes influence a wide range of human behaviors ranging from everyday social interactions with other people, health behavior and political b ...