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LEARNING OBJECTIVES – Chapter Thirteen
13.1 Characterize the field of social psychology; then describe the three dimensions of an
attitude and explain how attitudes and convictions can guide behaviour.
13.2 Explain how the three learning theories describe how attitudes are formed.
13.3 Identify the four components of attitude change and describe the elaborationlikelihood model used to explain the cognitions of individuals whose attitudes are being
changed.
13.4 Describe six techniques to induce attitude change.
13.5 Explain why people seek to maintain consistency between their attitudes and their
behaviour, and describe how they try to maintain consistency according to cognitive
dissonance, self-perception, and reactance theories.
13.6 Describe the thought process of social cognition and its relation to impression
formation.
13.7 Describe how mental shortcuts help people process information and decrease
information overload.
13.8 Discuss the three major means of nonverbal communication by which people
convey information about their moods and attitudes.
13.9 Explain how people infer the motives and intentions of others through the process of
attribution, discuss the three criteria people use to determine whether the causes of a
behaviour are internal or external, and describe two common attribution errors and how
they obscure the real motives and intentions of people's behaviour.
13.10 Define prejudice and discrimination, summarize the four theoretical explanations
of the causes of prejudice, and list several ways people can work toward reducing and
eliminating prejudice.
13.11 Describe how self-perceptions can depend on your cultural context.
13.12 Explain how social influence arises from conformity and obedience and evaluate
the methods, results, and important conclusions of the classic studies by Asch and
Milgram.
13.13 Define social facilitation; then describe the concepts of social loafing, group
polarization, groupthink, and deindividuation and their effects on behaviour in groups.
13.14 Characterize aggression, and discuss recent shifts away from biological
explanations and toward social and cognitive theories of how stimuli in the environment
may elicit aggressive behaviours.
13.15 Summarize the findings as to gender differences in aggression and review the
current information on domestic assault.
13.16 Review the sociobiological explanations of prosocial behaviours such as altruism.
13.17 Discuss how proximity, physical attractiveness, and shared attitudes contribute to
interpersonal attraction and list some common elements found in love relationships.
13.18 Discuss the role of evolution in social behaviours.