Download Unit 3 PreTest Heredity and Genetics

Form A (Master Copy)
Unit 3 Pretest: Heredity and Genetics
Unit 3 Pretest: Heredity and Genetics » Form A (Master Copy)
Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions.
1.
Many characteristics are affected by interactions
between genes and
A.
chromosomes.
B.
the environment.
5.
Selena's cat has three kittens. Look at the ictures
below of the father cat and the mother cat.
C. alleles.
D. carriers.
2.
Single-celled organisms can reproduce and create
cells exactly like themselves without combining genes
from two different cells. When they do this, they use a
type of
A.
asexual reproduction
B.
gamete formation
C. natural selection
Which set of kittens probably belongs with the father
cat and the mother cat?
A.
D. sexual reproduction
3.
What is probability?
A.
The actual results from a series of events.
B.
A number that describes how likely it is that an
event will occur.
B.
The way the results of one event affect the next
C.
event.
D. The number of times a coin lands heads up.
4.
Spirogyra are green algae that can reproduce
sexually. Which of the following feature identifies
reproduction in Spirogyra as sexual reproduction?
A.
The cells of parent algae have nuclei.
B.
Each offspring contains chloroplasts.
C. Several offspring may be produced at once.
D. Genetic material is contributed by two parent cells.
C.
D.
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Unit 3 Pretest: Heredity and Genetics » Form A (Master Copy)
6.
9.
A carrier is a person who has
A.
One recessive and one dominant allele for a trait.
B.
Two recessive alleles for a trait.
C. Two dominant alleles for a trait.
D. More that two alleles for a trait.
10.
Gregor Mendel demonstrated that traits are
determined by
A.
Individual seperate alleles inherited by each
parent.
B.
A blend of both parent's characteristics.
C. Alleles inherited by one parent.
The picture above shows a bacteria colony under
a microscope. How do these bacteria normally
reproduce?
A.
asexually, by dividing single bacteria cells into two
cells.
B.
asexually, by breaking off of larger multi-celled
bacterium.
sexually, by mating with other bacteria like
C.
themselves.
D.
7.
D. Characteristics from one parent.
11.
A.
the x chromosome only.
B.
the y chromosome only.
C. the x and y chromosomes.
D. All 23 pairs of chromosomes.
12.
sexually, by mating with other bacteria different
from themselves.
Cloning results in two organisms that are
A.
both adult mammals.
B.
produced from cuttings.
What are multiple alleles?
C. genetically similar.
A.
More than two genes that control a trait.
D. genetically identical.
B.
Three or more forms of a gene that code for a
single trait.
13.
Three of more chromosomes that determine a
C.
trait.
D.
8.
Sex-linked genes are genes on
B.
natural selection
codominant
B.
tall
D. heterozygous
Farmers who grow corn plants want the plants that
produce the most ears of corn and are more resistant
to insects and disease. What process would a farmer
use to produce corn plants with these desired traits?
crop rotation
A.
C. homozygous
More that two codominant genes in a
chromosome.
A.
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is
14.
What is a pedigree?
A.
A chart that tracks which memebers of a family
have a particular trait.
B.
A geneticist who studies the inheritance of traits in
humans.
C. A picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell.
C. selective breeding
D.
D. asexual reproduction
An allele passed from parent to child on a sex
chromosome.
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Unit 3 Pretest: Heredity and Genetics » Form A (Master Copy)
15.
16.
17.
What happens during meiosis?
20.
A.
Two sex cells combine.
B.
Chromosome pairs separate and are distributed
into new sex cells.
C.
Each sex cell copies iteself to form four new
chromosomes.
D.
Chromosome pairs remain together when new sex
cells are formed.
To identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the
human genome.
B.
To clone every gene on a single chromosome in
human DNA.
When a cell of a plant stem divides, each new cell has
A.
half the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
B.
the same number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
C.
twice the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
D.
four times the number of chromosomes as the
parent cell.
D.
To inbreed the best genes on every chromosome
in human DNA.
21.
Which best describes a bird laying eggs?
A.
breathing
B.
reproducing
The graph above shows the survival rate for several
different varities of corn during a sever July drought.
One type of corn was bred selectively over many
years to thrive in dry climates. Which typ fo corn was
MOST LIKELY selectively bred?
D. excreting waste
A.
Heaven's Silk
What is a mutation?
B.
Silver Queen
A.
Any change that is harmful to an organism.
C. Smucker's Gold
B.
Any change in a gene or chromosome.
D. Summer Leaf
C. Any change that is helpful to an organism.
22.
D. Any change in the phenotype of a cell.
19.
A.
C. To cure genetic diseases.
C. digesting food
18.
What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project?
In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant to white
flowers. Suppose a purple-flowered plant with
genotype Pp is crossed with another purple-flowered
plant with the same Pp genotype. What percentage of
offspring will also have purple flowers?
A.
25%
B.
50%
At the end of the summer, Kate and her family
collected seeds from all of their outdoor flowers. The
following spring, they planted the seeds.
•
Compare the new garden with the old
garden.
•
Explain how the seeds relate to the original
plants they were collected from.
•
What would the garden look like if Kate did
this same thing each year? Explain.
Enter your answer in the space provided. Use words,
numbers, and/or pictures to show your work.
C. 75%
D. 100%
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Unit 3 Pretest: Heredity and Genetics » Form A (Master Copy)
23.
About 5,000 years ago, farmers in Afghanistan
domesticated the white or pale yellow wild carrot.
These domesticated carrots, chosen for their color
and flavor, were purple, pink, or yellow. By the 17th
century, the yellow carrot had become the now familiar
orange carrot. More recently, a university research
team in Texas is studying and modifying the carrot to
create carrots with even more flavor, vitamins, and
minerals.
Part A
Explain how young carrots obtain the information to
develop traits such as color and flavor.
Part B
Explain why offspring from the same parents can
appear different.
Part C
Explain how the orange carrot likely originated from
the yellow carrot.
Part D
Explain how the Afghanistan farmers and the
university researchers grew carrots with desired traits.
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