Download Blood Cells Flashcards

Blood Cells Flashcards
1. What test measures the percentage of blood
volume that consists of erythrocytes by
measuring the ratio of packed red blood cells to
total blood volume?
2. What is the normal percentage of erythrocytes
in blood?
3. Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood
volume that consists of what cells?
4. Erythropoiesis is stimulated by what?
5. What is the most abundant type of WBC?
6. What WBC is the first to respond to infection?
7. How do they destroy bacteria?
8. Which WBCs are the ones that primarily
destroy the dissolved toxins that bacteria secrete
into body fluids?
9. What WBC secretes histamines?
10. What is it called when it leaves the circulation to
enter the tissues?
11. Which WBC fights allergies and parasitic
infections, and during these conditions, their
numbers increase.
12. What are MONOCYTES called when they
leave the circulation and enter the tissues?
13. Which WBCs phagocytize bacteria?
14. Do monocytes and neutrophils kill viruses?
15. What WBC kills viruses?
16. What WBC acts against a specific foreign
molecule
17. What are the two main classes of lymphocytes?
18. Which WBC attacks organs after an organ
transplant?
19. How do B cells fight infection?
20. What are the actual cells that produce the
antibodies?
21. What are the two main features of
mononucleosis?
22. Which immune system cell type is
preferentially destroyed by the AIDS virus?
23. By secreting hormones, the thymus causes
which cells to become active?
Hematocrit
45%
erythrocytes
Low oxygen levels
NEUTROPHILS
NEUTROPHILS
Phagocytize bacteria
Neutrophils
BASOPHILS
MAST CELL
EOSINOPHILS
MACROPHAGES
Monocytes (macrophages) and neutrophils.
No
1. Lymphocytes (specifically, the Tlymphocytes, also called T-cells)
2. All lymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells) act
against a specific foreign molecule.
T cells (T-lymphocytes) and B cells (B
lymphocytes)
 T cells
 by becoming cells that produce antibodies
Plasma cells
Inflammation of lymph vessels (lymphangitis)
Infection of B lymphocytes with the Epstein-Barr
virus
 T cells (T-lymphocytes).

T cells (T-lymphocytes).
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Blood Cells Flashcards
24. Why are most people sick more often as
children than as adults in their 20s through
30’s?
25. What is a plasma protein involved in blood
clotting?
26. What are platelets responsible for?
27. List the blood cells in order of longevity (life
span), from longest—lived to shortest—lived.
We build up many varieties of memory lymphocytes
during childhood, providing immunity from more
and more antigens during adulthood
fibrin
28. What is a condition in which the blood’s
capacity for carrying oxygen is diminished?
29. What blood disease is a form of anemia
where the RBCs have abnormal hemoglobin
that deforms the cells into strange shapes (target
cells, spheres, but not sickled)
30. Which form of anemia is found especially in
the African race; always characterized by
sickle-shaped erythrocytes
31.
Which form of anemia is from a single
amino acid mutation resulting in a valine amino
acid substituted for glutamic acid?
32. Which form of anemia is characterized by
very large erythrocytes?
33. What type of anemia is from loss of intrinsic
factor; a frequent result of gastric bypass
surgery?
34. What type of anemia can occur due to a
blood transfusion of mismatched blood?
35. What type of anemia is it when a person
cannot maintain iron in a reduced state?
36. What type of anemia is from chronic blood
loss?
37. What type of disorder of the blood cells
causes them to shrink over time due to
problems with the red blood cell membrane?
38. What disorder of blood is characterized by
too few mature white blood cells?
39. What condition is too few platelets
(abnormally low concentration)?
40. What is a hereditary disease of males, where
they are unable to clot properly because they
are missing some clotting factors?
ANEMIA
Blood clotting
lymphocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, monocytes,
neutrophils
THALASSEMIA
SICKLE CELL DISEASE
SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Megaloblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Acquired Hemolytic anemia
G6PD deficiency
Hemorrhagic anemia
Hereditary spherocytosis
LEUKEMIA
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
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Blood Cells Flashcards
41. What blood type is the universal donor?
42. What blood type is the universal acceptor?
43. What disorder happens to an RH positive baby
of an Rh negative mother?
44. What are the 4 signs of inflammation?
45. How is specific immunity different from nonspecific?
46. What type of immunity is when the body is
naturally exposed to an infectious agent and
launches an immune reaction?
47. What type of immunity is when a person
receives a vaccination?
48. What type of immunity is when a baby receives
antibodies through mother’s milk?
49. What type of immunity is when a person
receives an infusion of antibodies?
50. What types of allergies are immediate and
deadly?
51. What type of allergic response is when the
body’s first exposure to the substance will not
cause a reaction, but all exposures afterward
will trigger the response, such as with poison
ivy?
52. What is a hereditary problem where the body
thinks its own tissues are foreign bodies, and it
constantly tries to kill off its own tissues?
53. What can cause hypoxia (decreased oxygen to
the tissues)
54. What is the antidote for arsenic poison (found
in rat poison)
55. What is the effect of baby aspirin on
prostaglandin synthesis?
56. What does a decrease in PG synthesis do to
clotting times?
o Type O negative
o Type AB positive
HDN (Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn)
Heat, redness, swelling, pain
Non-specific (cell mediated) immune defenses are
the monocytes and neutrophils, and also
inflammatory responses, physical and chemical
barriers.
Specific (humoral) immune defenses are from the B
cells making antibodies.
Naturally acquired active immunity
Artificially acquired active immunity
Naturally acquired passive
Artificially acquired passive immunity
Anaphylactic
Delayed allergic reaction
Autoimmune disease
A)
Ischemia (reduced blood flow to a tissue)
B)
Malfunctioning hemoglobin
C)
Increasing altitude
I.v. injection of vitamin K
It blocks the ability of COX to cleave arachidonic
acid into prostaglandin (decreases PG synthesis)
Increases them so it takes longer to form blood clots
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