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Name________________________________________________ Review for Chemistry Test 1. What is the definition of an atom? The smallest part of an element 2. What is an element? Substance that can’t be broken down into other substances by physical or chemical means. 3. What is an atomic number? Protons in an element and electrons in a neutral element. 4. What is atomic mass? Neutrons + Protons 5. Where can the nucleus of an atom be found and what makes up the nucleus? Protons and neutrons are located in the center of the atom which is called the nucleus. 6. Fill in the box below with the information found off of the periodic table for Beryllium. Label the atomic number, atomic mass, symbol, and element name. Be 4 9 Berylllium symbol atomic number atomic mass element name 7. What are the sub-atomic particles of an atom? Protons, neutrons and electrons 8. What charges do the sub-atomic particles have? Protons +, neutrons 0 or neutral, electrons - 9. What sub atomic particle always identifies the name of an element? protons 10. What are the columns in the periodic table called and what do they show? groups or families 11. What are the rows in the periodic table called and what do they show? periods 12. Using the periodic table, find the element that is found in group 2 period 3. magnesium 13. What is an Ion? Charged atom that gains or loses an electron to have a + or charge 14. Draw a diagram of a sodium atom 1 2 3 4 5 6 How many valence electrons does sodium have 1 How many neutrons does sodium have 12 How many energy levels does sodium have 3 Is sodium stable no Will sodium lose or gain electrons lose What charge would sodium have +1 15. If I have a charge of + 2 and I have 5 electrons, what element am I? ion of nitrogen 16. If I have a charge of – 3 and I have 8 electrons what element am I? ion of boron 17. How many elements and atoms do I have in Na2Cl3(O3H)3 ? 4 elements, 17 atoms 18. How many elements and atoms do I have in 2NaCl2O3H ? 4 elements, 14 atoms 19. Is carbon a metal or non-metal and list at least 3 properties of carbon? nonmetal 20. Is sodium a metal or non-metal and list at least 3 properties of sodium? Metal; highly reactive, metal, one valence electron 21. List two Noble Gases and explain why they are unique. Neon and Argon have full valence electron levels making them very stable 22. List two Alkali Metals and explain why they are unique. Lithium and sodium are the most reactive elements since they only have one valence electron in their outer energy level 23. What are the specific names of all the groups on periodic table starting the alkali metals? Alkali metals, hydrogen group, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, boron group, carbon group, nitrogen group, oxygen group, halogens, noble gases, rare earth metals 24. What are Valence electrons? Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom 25. How many electrons can the 1st, 2nd and 3rd energy levels hold? 1st level can hold up to 2; 2nd level can hold up to 8; 3rd level can up hold up to 8 (with exceptions with periods past the 3rd level) 26. Which group of elements has their valence electrons in their outer shell full? Noble gases 27. How many valence electrons does Oxygen and Nitrogen have? O=6, N=5 28. How can you find the number of valence electrons for an element? You can find it by looking at their group number or column number 29. How can you find the number of energy levels needed for an element? You can find it by looking at the element’s period number or row number 30. What is the most important sub-atomic particle when it comes to chemical reactions? Its valence electrons 31. What is a compound? Two or more elements chemically combined have their own unique properties 32. Give an example of a compound. H2O 33. What is a molecule? An element with more than one atom attached to it 34. Give an example of a molecule. O₂- air we breathe O₃- ozone layer 35. As you go from left to right on the periodic table, describe the changes that occur to element's atomic structure. Its mass increases because it has more protons, neutrons and electrons 36. What is a chemical reaction? Formed from a chemical change when 2 or more substances react to make a new substance with its own unique properties 37. What are indicators that a chemical reaction took place? A new substance with its own unique properties is formed. Good evidence is when a new gas is formed; heat or light is produced; a precipitate is formed; rusting/tarnishing 38. Was the zinc and hydrochloric acid combination a chemical reaction? What were some indicators? Yes because a new gas was formed 39. If I combined sodium and water together, would there be a chemical reaction? How do you know? Yes because a new substance would be formed and heat/energy would also be present 40. Balance the following chemical equations. CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2H2O not balanced N2 + 3H2 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 2NH3 not balanced CaCl2 + 2H2O not balanced 2S + 3O2 2SO3 not balanced 41. What were some indicators that a chemical reaction took place in the calcium chloride baggy lab? Explain. Gas formation, color change, temperature increase 42. What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state? Mass/matter cannot be created nor destroyed 43. How did the balloon, baking soda, and vinegar lab prove the Law of conservation of Mass? The mass was the same before and after the chemical reaction took place 44. Do these chemical reactions follow the Law of Conservation of Mass explain your answer? Formula: Na2 + O → NaO no it’s not balanced H2 + O → H2O yes it’s balanced 45. Describe how the properties of metals, non-metals, and metalloids differ. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity; they’re malleable, ductile, lustrous, mostly silver in color. Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity; they’re brittle and dull in color. Metalloids are semiconductors of heat and electricity and only somewhat malleable and ductile ***Don’t forget to review yourself over old material such as safety, scientific method, weather, and plate tectonics***