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Name____________________________ Hour___________ DUE DATE________________
Biology Final Exam ReviewReview- Unit 15 & 1616- Darwinian Evolution and Speciation
15. 11- The Puzzle of Life’s Diversity
Define
Evolution- ________________________________________________________________________________
Theory- __________________________________________________________________________________
1. What did Darwin’s travels reveal to him about the number and variety of living species? ___________
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2. How did tortoises and birds differ among the islands of the Galapagos? _________________________
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Why is evolution referred to as a theory? __________________________________________________
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15. 22- Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking
1. What two ideas from geology were important to Darwin’s thinking? ___________________________
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2. According to Lamarck, how did organisms acquire traits? ____________________________________
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3. According to Malthus, what factors limited population growth? _______________________________
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4. How did Lyell’s Principles of Geology influence Darwin? _____________________________________
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5. How did Lamarck’s hypotheses of evolution contribute to scientific thought? _____________________
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Why have they been rejected? __________________________________________________________
15. 33- Darwin Presents His Case
Define
Artificial selection- _________________________________________________________________________
Fitness- __________________________________________________________________________________
Adaptation- ______________________________________________________________________________
Survival of the fittest- ______________________________________________________________________
Natural Selection- _________________________________________________________________________
Decent with modification- __________________________________________________________________
Common Decent- __________________________________________________________________________
Homologous structure- ______________________________________________________________________
Vestigial organ- ____________________________________________________________________________
1. How is artificial selection dependant on variation in nature? _________________________________
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2. The theory of evolution by natural selection explains, in scientific terms, how living things evolve over
time. What is being selected in this process? _______________________________________________
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3. What types of evidence did Darwin use o support his theory of change over time? ________________
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16.216.2- Evolution as Genetic Change
Define
Directional selection- _______________________________________________________________________
Stabalizing selection- _______________________________________________________________________
Disruptive selection- _______________________________________________________________________
Genetic drift- _____________________________________________________________________________
Founder effect- ____________________________________________________________________________
Hardy-Weinberg principle- __________________________________________________________________
Genetic equilibrium- _______________________________________________________________________
1. Describe how natural selection can affect traits controlled by a single gene. _____________________
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2. Describe AND DRAW graphs to show the three patterns of natural selection on polygenic traits. Use
dotted lines to show the original distribution of phenotypes and a solid line to show the new one.
a. _____________________________________________________________
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b. _____________________________________________________________
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c. ______________________________________________________________
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3. Which one leads to two distinct phenotypes? ______________________________________________
4. How does genetic drift lead to a change in a population’s gene pool? ___________________________
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16.316.3- The Process of Speciation
Define
Speciation- ________________________________________________________________________________
Reproductive isolation- ______________________________________________________________________
Behavioral isolation- ________________________________________________________________________
Geographic isolation- _______________________________________________________________________
Temporal isolation- _________________________________________________________________________
1. How is reproductive isolation related to the formation of new species? __________________________
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2. What type of isolating mechanism was important in the formation of Galapagos island species? _____
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3. Explain how behavior can play a role in the evolution of species. ______________________________
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