Download Chapter 9 Pre-test Answer Key 1. true 2. true 3

Chapter 9 Pre-test Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
true
true
False- eyespot
True
False-nitrogen
F-shape
7. Protozoa have specialized organelles used for movement, feeding, and other functions.
8. Sporozoans are groups of protozoans that are parasites.
9. Ciliates are a group of protozoans that move by waving tiny hair-like cilia.
10. The organelle used to help control the amount of water inside an organism and pump out
excess water is the contractile vacuole.
11. A pseudopod can stretch out and surround a piece of food. The food is trapped in a structure
formed by the cell called a(n) food vacuole.
12. A paramecium is an example of a(n) ciliate.
13. A flagellate containing chloroplasts and commonly found in pond water is the Euglena.
14. Malaria is caused by a sporozoan transmitted by mosquitoes.
15. Rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli.
16. Photosynthetic bacteria produce their own food through photosynthesis.
17. The process by which bacteria use chemicals to make their own food is called chemosynthesis.
18. The name given to a cell infected by a virus is host cell.
19. Proteins that bind to viruses and prevent them from infecting cells are called antibodies.
20. A preparation of virus particles that, when injected into the body, causes the immune system to
produce antibodies is called a vaccine.
21. Scientists classify viruses as nonliving.
22. Bacteria move by using a whip-like structure called a flagellum.
Bacteria also move by using a slimy layer on the outside to slide over surfaces.
Bacteria are also carried by the movement of air or liquid.
23. Anaerobic bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that do not require oxygen to survive. Aerobic
bacteria use oxygen for cellular respiration.
24. Fossils of single-celled prokaryotes were found in rocks that were over 3 billion years old. At that
time, the atmosphere contained very little oxygen Anaerobic bacteria do not need oxygen for cellular
respiration but aerobic bacteria do, therefore anaerobic bacteria must have evolved first.
25. The fever slows down the production of new viruses. Most of your body’s chemical functions work
best at 98.6 F. As the body temperature increases, the production of new viruses decreases.
26. Protozoans move by using specialized organelles. Diagram A represents cilia which are hair-like
organelles that are waved back and forth for movement. Protozoa that use these organelles are called
ciliates. Diagram B shows a flagella used by flagellates The flagellum is a whip-like organelle. Diagram C
represents a pseudopod or “false foot”. The pseudopod is used by amoebas. Amoebas belong to a
group called the Sarcodines. They stretch the cytoplasm in the direction of the movement.
27. Bacteria are beneficial to humans because they:
> are used to make products such as cheese, yogurt, and medicines
> live in the intestines and help break down certain foods
> take nitrogen from the air and turn it into a compound that plants can use
> decompose dead things and return nutrients to the soil.
28. A- contractile vacuole for controlling water in an organism
B- gullet or food groove used to capture food.
C-chloroplast plants make food from sunlight in this.
D- eyespot to help locate light.
E- nucleus controls the cell
29. A virus fuses to a cell membrane and releases its DNA into the cell. Once inside a cell, the virus DNA
changes how the cell works. The cell is turned into a “factory” for the cell because it begins to produce
new viruses that burst out of the cell and infect other host cells. (diagram in book- section 3 of chapter
30. Picture of this in book. Section 9.3.