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Cellular Transport
Do Your Cells
Eat and Drink?
• Cells must take in
water and
nutrients in order
to function.
Mmm…..
What part of the cell
allows it to take in
nutrients and water?
AlsoCELL
The
knownMEMBRANE!!!!!!
as…..
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Or……
PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
What is the Cell
Membrane Made Of?
• Proteins and phospholipids
What are the Proteins
in the Cell Membrane?
Carrier
Channel
Peripheral
Integral
SO….. How DO Your
Cells Eat, Drink and be
Merry?
Cells move substances
through the cell membrane by
a process called transport
• Two Types of Transport:
–Passive Transport
–Active Transport
What is
Passive Transport?
• Diffusion
• Requires no energy from cell.
• Molecules move from
high concentration to
low concentration.
• Molecules move with the
concentration gradient.
Diffusion
• How does it work?
Osmosis
• The diffusion of water across a
semi-permeable membrane.
–“Water wants to water “stuff”
down”
Facilitated Diffusion
• Diffusion of large or polar
molecule through protein
channels.
–“Helped Diffusion”
What would happen to
the animal cells in each
beaker?
100% Distilled
Water
80% Water
20% Dissolved
Substances
70% Water
30% Dissolved
Substances
Which way did the
water move?
80% H2O
20% “stuff”
100% Distilled Water
0% dissolved
substances
Hypotonic solution
Why did the cell
get so big?
Which way did the
water move?
80% H2O
20% “stuff”
80% Water
20% Dissolved
Substances
Isotonic solution
Why did the cell
stay the same
size?
Which way did the
water move?
80% H2O
20% “stuff”
70% Water
30% Dissolved
Substances
Hypertonic solution
Why did the cell get
so small?
• Let’s look at what happens to
your blood cells in the three
different solutions:
–Isotonic (equal)
–Hypertonic (high)
–Hypotonic (low)
REVIEW
1. What are the characteristics of
passive transport?
2. Explain diffusion. Why does it
occur?
3. Explain osmosis. Why does it
occur?
4. What is the role of the channel
protein in facilitated diffusion?
Even MORE Review!
1. What happens to an animal cell
when there are more dissolved
substances on the outside of
the cell?
2. The inside?
3. When there are equal
amounts?
Active Transport
How is Active
Transport different?
1. Active transport requires energy.
2. Molecules move from low
concentration to high
concentration
3. Molecules move against
concentration gradient.
What is this cell doing?
Endocytosis
• Cells bring in large particles using
the cell membrane
– There are 2 types:
• Phagocytosis
• Pinocytosis
• Channel proteins are used to bring in
large molecules.
Phagocytosis
Amoeba
• Your white bloods cells also do this.
• This is the ingestion of large particles.
Pinocytosis
• Tiny pockets form along cell membrane, and
pinch off into vacuoles inside the cell.
Sometimes called “Cell Drinking”
Exocytosis
• This is how the cell gets rid of waste.
REVIEW
1. How is Active transport different
from passive? Complete the chart.
2. What part of the cell is used to
bring in particles?
3. How does a cell (including white
blood cells) take in LARGE
particles?
4. How does a cell take in small or
liquid particles?
Which of the following would
be an example of simple
diffusion?
• A. the smell of ammonia
spreading throughout the room
• B. water being poured into a
glass
• C. blood cells shrinking when
placed in salt water
• D. turgor pressure in plant cells
12 Red blood cells contain
0.9% salt. Which of the
following solutions would be
isotonic solutions to the blood?
•
•
•
•
•
A. 9% salt
B. 0.9% salt
c. 0.09% salt
D. 0% salt
E. none of these
17 Movement of substances
across the membrane without
the use of cellular energy is
termed ......
•
•
•
•
A. active transport
B. carrier transport
C. passive transport
D. the sodium-potassium pump